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sqlglot.dialects.tsql

   1from __future__ import annotations
   2
   3import datetime
   4import re
   5import typing as t
   6from functools import partial, reduce
   7
   8from sqlglot import exp, generator, parser, tokens, transforms
   9from sqlglot.dialects.dialect import (
  10    Dialect,
  11    NormalizationStrategy,
  12    any_value_to_max_sql,
  13    build_date_delta,
  14    date_delta_sql,
  15    datestrtodate_sql,
  16    generatedasidentitycolumnconstraint_sql,
  17    max_or_greatest,
  18    min_or_least,
  19    rename_func,
  20    strposition_sql,
  21    timestrtotime_sql,
  22    trim_sql,
  23)
  24from sqlglot.helper import seq_get
  25from sqlglot.parser import build_coalesce
  26from sqlglot.time import format_time
  27from sqlglot.tokens import TokenType
  28
  29if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
  30    from sqlglot._typing import E
  31
  32FULL_FORMAT_TIME_MAPPING = {
  33    "weekday": "%A",
  34    "dw": "%A",
  35    "w": "%A",
  36    "month": "%B",
  37    "mm": "%B",
  38    "m": "%B",
  39}
  40
  41DATE_DELTA_INTERVAL = {
  42    "year": "year",
  43    "yyyy": "year",
  44    "yy": "year",
  45    "quarter": "quarter",
  46    "qq": "quarter",
  47    "q": "quarter",
  48    "month": "month",
  49    "mm": "month",
  50    "m": "month",
  51    "week": "week",
  52    "ww": "week",
  53    "wk": "week",
  54    "day": "day",
  55    "dd": "day",
  56    "d": "day",
  57}
  58
  59
  60DATE_FMT_RE = re.compile("([dD]{1,2})|([mM]{1,2})|([yY]{1,4})|([hH]{1,2})|([sS]{1,2})")
  61
  62# N = Numeric, C=Currency
  63TRANSPILE_SAFE_NUMBER_FMT = {"N", "C"}
  64
  65DEFAULT_START_DATE = datetime.date(1900, 1, 1)
  66
  67BIT_TYPES = {exp.EQ, exp.NEQ, exp.Is, exp.In, exp.Select, exp.Alias}
  68
  69# Unsupported options:
  70# - OPTIMIZE FOR ( @variable_name { UNKNOWN | = <literal_constant> } [ , ...n ] )
  71# - TABLE HINT
  72OPTIONS: parser.OPTIONS_TYPE = {
  73    **dict.fromkeys(
  74        (
  75            "DISABLE_OPTIMIZED_PLAN_FORCING",
  76            "FAST",
  77            "IGNORE_NONCLUSTERED_COLUMNSTORE_INDEX",
  78            "LABEL",
  79            "MAXDOP",
  80            "MAXRECURSION",
  81            "MAX_GRANT_PERCENT",
  82            "MIN_GRANT_PERCENT",
  83            "NO_PERFORMANCE_SPOOL",
  84            "QUERYTRACEON",
  85            "RECOMPILE",
  86        ),
  87        tuple(),
  88    ),
  89    "CONCAT": ("UNION",),
  90    "DISABLE": ("EXTERNALPUSHDOWN", "SCALEOUTEXECUTION"),
  91    "EXPAND": ("VIEWS",),
  92    "FORCE": ("EXTERNALPUSHDOWN", "ORDER", "SCALEOUTEXECUTION"),
  93    "HASH": ("GROUP", "JOIN", "UNION"),
  94    "KEEP": ("PLAN",),
  95    "KEEPFIXED": ("PLAN",),
  96    "LOOP": ("JOIN",),
  97    "MERGE": ("JOIN", "UNION"),
  98    "OPTIMIZE": (("FOR", "UNKNOWN"),),
  99    "ORDER": ("GROUP",),
 100    "PARAMETERIZATION": ("FORCED", "SIMPLE"),
 101    "ROBUST": ("PLAN",),
 102    "USE": ("PLAN",),
 103}
 104
 105
 106XML_OPTIONS: parser.OPTIONS_TYPE = {
 107    **dict.fromkeys(
 108        (
 109            "AUTO",
 110            "EXPLICIT",
 111            "TYPE",
 112        ),
 113        tuple(),
 114    ),
 115    "ELEMENTS": (
 116        "XSINIL",
 117        "ABSENT",
 118    ),
 119    "BINARY": ("BASE64",),
 120}
 121
 122
 123OPTIONS_THAT_REQUIRE_EQUAL = ("MAX_GRANT_PERCENT", "MIN_GRANT_PERCENT", "LABEL")
 124
 125
 126def _build_formatted_time(
 127    exp_class: t.Type[E], full_format_mapping: t.Optional[bool] = None
 128) -> t.Callable[[t.List], E]:
 129    def _builder(args: t.List) -> E:
 130        fmt = seq_get(args, 0)
 131        if isinstance(fmt, exp.Expression):
 132            fmt = exp.Literal.string(
 133                format_time(
 134                    fmt.name.lower(),
 135                    (
 136                        {**TSQL.TIME_MAPPING, **FULL_FORMAT_TIME_MAPPING}
 137                        if full_format_mapping
 138                        else TSQL.TIME_MAPPING
 139                    ),
 140                )
 141            )
 142
 143        this = seq_get(args, 1)
 144        if isinstance(this, exp.Expression):
 145            this = exp.cast(this, exp.DataType.Type.DATETIME2)
 146
 147        return exp_class(this=this, format=fmt)
 148
 149    return _builder
 150
 151
 152def _build_format(args: t.List) -> exp.NumberToStr | exp.TimeToStr:
 153    this = seq_get(args, 0)
 154    fmt = seq_get(args, 1)
 155    culture = seq_get(args, 2)
 156
 157    number_fmt = fmt and (fmt.name in TRANSPILE_SAFE_NUMBER_FMT or not DATE_FMT_RE.search(fmt.name))
 158
 159    if number_fmt:
 160        return exp.NumberToStr(this=this, format=fmt, culture=culture)
 161
 162    if fmt:
 163        fmt = exp.Literal.string(
 164            format_time(fmt.name, TSQL.FORMAT_TIME_MAPPING)
 165            if len(fmt.name) == 1
 166            else format_time(fmt.name, TSQL.TIME_MAPPING)
 167        )
 168
 169    return exp.TimeToStr(this=this, format=fmt, culture=culture)
 170
 171
 172def _build_eomonth(args: t.List) -> exp.LastDay:
 173    date = exp.TsOrDsToDate(this=seq_get(args, 0))
 174    month_lag = seq_get(args, 1)
 175
 176    if month_lag is None:
 177        this: exp.Expression = date
 178    else:
 179        unit = DATE_DELTA_INTERVAL.get("month")
 180        this = exp.DateAdd(this=date, expression=month_lag, unit=unit and exp.var(unit))
 181
 182    return exp.LastDay(this=this)
 183
 184
 185def _build_hashbytes(args: t.List) -> exp.Expression:
 186    kind, data = args
 187    kind = kind.name.upper() if kind.is_string else ""
 188
 189    if kind == "MD5":
 190        args.pop(0)
 191        return exp.MD5(this=data)
 192    if kind in ("SHA", "SHA1"):
 193        args.pop(0)
 194        return exp.SHA(this=data)
 195    if kind == "SHA2_256":
 196        return exp.SHA2(this=data, length=exp.Literal.number(256))
 197    if kind == "SHA2_512":
 198        return exp.SHA2(this=data, length=exp.Literal.number(512))
 199
 200    return exp.func("HASHBYTES", *args)
 201
 202
 203DATEPART_ONLY_FORMATS = {"DW", "WK", "HOUR", "QUARTER"}
 204
 205
 206def _format_sql(self: TSQL.Generator, expression: exp.NumberToStr | exp.TimeToStr) -> str:
 207    fmt = expression.args["format"]
 208
 209    if not isinstance(expression, exp.NumberToStr):
 210        if fmt.is_string:
 211            mapped_fmt = format_time(fmt.name, TSQL.INVERSE_TIME_MAPPING)
 212
 213            name = (mapped_fmt or "").upper()
 214            if name in DATEPART_ONLY_FORMATS:
 215                return self.func("DATEPART", name, expression.this)
 216
 217            fmt_sql = self.sql(exp.Literal.string(mapped_fmt))
 218        else:
 219            fmt_sql = self.format_time(expression) or self.sql(fmt)
 220    else:
 221        fmt_sql = self.sql(fmt)
 222
 223    return self.func("FORMAT", expression.this, fmt_sql, expression.args.get("culture"))
 224
 225
 226def _string_agg_sql(self: TSQL.Generator, expression: exp.GroupConcat) -> str:
 227    this = expression.this
 228    distinct = expression.find(exp.Distinct)
 229    if distinct:
 230        # exp.Distinct can appear below an exp.Order or an exp.GroupConcat expression
 231        self.unsupported("T-SQL STRING_AGG doesn't support DISTINCT.")
 232        this = distinct.pop().expressions[0]
 233
 234    order = ""
 235    if isinstance(expression.this, exp.Order):
 236        if expression.this.this:
 237            this = expression.this.this.pop()
 238        # Order has a leading space
 239        order = f" WITHIN GROUP ({self.sql(expression.this)[1:]})"
 240
 241    separator = expression.args.get("separator") or exp.Literal.string(",")
 242    return f"STRING_AGG({self.format_args(this, separator)}){order}"
 243
 244
 245def _build_date_delta(
 246    exp_class: t.Type[E], unit_mapping: t.Optional[t.Dict[str, str]] = None
 247) -> t.Callable[[t.List], E]:
 248    def _builder(args: t.List) -> E:
 249        unit = seq_get(args, 0)
 250        if unit and unit_mapping:
 251            unit = exp.var(unit_mapping.get(unit.name.lower(), unit.name))
 252
 253        start_date = seq_get(args, 1)
 254        if start_date and start_date.is_number:
 255            # Numeric types are valid DATETIME values
 256            if start_date.is_int:
 257                adds = DEFAULT_START_DATE + datetime.timedelta(days=start_date.to_py())
 258                start_date = exp.Literal.string(adds.strftime("%F"))
 259            else:
 260                # We currently don't handle float values, i.e. they're not converted to equivalent DATETIMEs.
 261                # This is not a problem when generating T-SQL code, it is when transpiling to other dialects.
 262                return exp_class(this=seq_get(args, 2), expression=start_date, unit=unit)
 263
 264        return exp_class(
 265            this=exp.TimeStrToTime(this=seq_get(args, 2)),
 266            expression=exp.TimeStrToTime(this=start_date),
 267            unit=unit,
 268        )
 269
 270    return _builder
 271
 272
 273def qualify_derived_table_outputs(expression: exp.Expression) -> exp.Expression:
 274    """Ensures all (unnamed) output columns are aliased for CTEs and Subqueries."""
 275    alias = expression.args.get("alias")
 276
 277    if (
 278        isinstance(expression, (exp.CTE, exp.Subquery))
 279        and isinstance(alias, exp.TableAlias)
 280        and not alias.columns
 281    ):
 282        from sqlglot.optimizer.qualify_columns import qualify_outputs
 283
 284        # We keep track of the unaliased column projection indexes instead of the expressions
 285        # themselves, because the latter are going to be replaced by new nodes when the aliases
 286        # are added and hence we won't be able to reach these newly added Alias parents
 287        query = expression.this
 288        unaliased_column_indexes = (
 289            i for i, c in enumerate(query.selects) if isinstance(c, exp.Column) and not c.alias
 290        )
 291
 292        qualify_outputs(query)
 293
 294        # Preserve the quoting information of columns for newly added Alias nodes
 295        query_selects = query.selects
 296        for select_index in unaliased_column_indexes:
 297            alias = query_selects[select_index]
 298            column = alias.this
 299            if isinstance(column.this, exp.Identifier):
 300                alias.args["alias"].set("quoted", column.this.quoted)
 301
 302    return expression
 303
 304
 305# https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/sql/t-sql/functions/datetimefromparts-transact-sql?view=sql-server-ver16#syntax
 306def _build_datetimefromparts(args: t.List) -> exp.TimestampFromParts:
 307    return exp.TimestampFromParts(
 308        year=seq_get(args, 0),
 309        month=seq_get(args, 1),
 310        day=seq_get(args, 2),
 311        hour=seq_get(args, 3),
 312        min=seq_get(args, 4),
 313        sec=seq_get(args, 5),
 314        milli=seq_get(args, 6),
 315    )
 316
 317
 318# https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/sql/t-sql/functions/timefromparts-transact-sql?view=sql-server-ver16#syntax
 319def _build_timefromparts(args: t.List) -> exp.TimeFromParts:
 320    return exp.TimeFromParts(
 321        hour=seq_get(args, 0),
 322        min=seq_get(args, 1),
 323        sec=seq_get(args, 2),
 324        fractions=seq_get(args, 3),
 325        precision=seq_get(args, 4),
 326    )
 327
 328
 329def _build_with_arg_as_text(
 330    klass: t.Type[exp.Expression],
 331) -> t.Callable[[t.List[exp.Expression]], exp.Expression]:
 332    def _parse(args: t.List[exp.Expression]) -> exp.Expression:
 333        this = seq_get(args, 0)
 334
 335        if this and not this.is_string:
 336            this = exp.cast(this, exp.DataType.Type.TEXT)
 337
 338        expression = seq_get(args, 1)
 339        kwargs = {"this": this}
 340
 341        if expression:
 342            kwargs["expression"] = expression
 343
 344        return klass(**kwargs)
 345
 346    return _parse
 347
 348
 349# https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/sql/t-sql/functions/parsename-transact-sql?view=sql-server-ver16
 350def _build_parsename(args: t.List) -> exp.SplitPart | exp.Anonymous:
 351    # PARSENAME(...) will be stored into exp.SplitPart if:
 352    # - All args are literals
 353    # - The part index (2nd arg) is <= 4 (max valid value, otherwise TSQL returns NULL)
 354    if len(args) == 2 and all(isinstance(arg, exp.Literal) for arg in args):
 355        this = args[0]
 356        part_index = args[1]
 357        split_count = len(this.name.split("."))
 358        if split_count <= 4:
 359            return exp.SplitPart(
 360                this=this,
 361                delimiter=exp.Literal.string("."),
 362                part_index=exp.Literal.number(split_count + 1 - part_index.to_py()),
 363            )
 364
 365    return exp.Anonymous(this="PARSENAME", expressions=args)
 366
 367
 368def _build_json_query(args: t.List, dialect: Dialect) -> exp.JSONExtract:
 369    if len(args) == 1:
 370        # The default value for path is '$'. As a result, if you don't provide a
 371        # value for path, JSON_QUERY returns the input expression.
 372        args.append(exp.Literal.string("$"))
 373
 374    return parser.build_extract_json_with_path(exp.JSONExtract)(args, dialect)
 375
 376
 377def _json_extract_sql(
 378    self: TSQL.Generator, expression: exp.JSONExtract | exp.JSONExtractScalar
 379) -> str:
 380    json_query = self.func("JSON_QUERY", expression.this, expression.expression)
 381    json_value = self.func("JSON_VALUE", expression.this, expression.expression)
 382    return self.func("ISNULL", json_query, json_value)
 383
 384
 385def _timestrtotime_sql(self: TSQL.Generator, expression: exp.TimeStrToTime):
 386    sql = timestrtotime_sql(self, expression)
 387    if expression.args.get("zone"):
 388        # If there is a timezone, produce an expression like:
 389        # CAST('2020-01-01 12:13:14-08:00' AS DATETIMEOFFSET) AT TIME ZONE 'UTC'
 390        # If you dont have AT TIME ZONE 'UTC', wrapping that expression in another cast back to DATETIME2 just drops the timezone information
 391        return self.sql(exp.AtTimeZone(this=sql, zone=exp.Literal.string("UTC")))
 392    return sql
 393
 394
 395def _build_datetrunc(args: t.List) -> exp.TimestampTrunc:
 396    unit = seq_get(args, 0)
 397    this = seq_get(args, 1)
 398
 399    if this and this.is_string:
 400        this = exp.cast(this, exp.DataType.Type.DATETIME2)
 401
 402    return exp.TimestampTrunc(this=this, unit=unit)
 403
 404
 405class TSQL(Dialect):
 406    SUPPORTS_SEMI_ANTI_JOIN = False
 407    LOG_BASE_FIRST = False
 408    TYPED_DIVISION = True
 409    CONCAT_COALESCE = True
 410    NORMALIZATION_STRATEGY = NormalizationStrategy.CASE_INSENSITIVE
 411    ALTER_TABLE_ADD_REQUIRED_FOR_EACH_COLUMN = False
 412
 413    TIME_FORMAT = "'yyyy-mm-dd hh:mm:ss'"
 414
 415    TIME_MAPPING = {
 416        "year": "%Y",
 417        "dayofyear": "%j",
 418        "day": "%d",
 419        "dy": "%d",
 420        "y": "%Y",
 421        "week": "%W",
 422        "ww": "%W",
 423        "wk": "%W",
 424        "hour": "%h",
 425        "hh": "%I",
 426        "minute": "%M",
 427        "mi": "%M",
 428        "n": "%M",
 429        "second": "%S",
 430        "ss": "%S",
 431        "s": "%-S",
 432        "millisecond": "%f",
 433        "ms": "%f",
 434        "weekday": "%w",
 435        "dw": "%w",
 436        "month": "%m",
 437        "mm": "%M",
 438        "m": "%-M",
 439        "Y": "%Y",
 440        "YYYY": "%Y",
 441        "YY": "%y",
 442        "MMMM": "%B",
 443        "MMM": "%b",
 444        "MM": "%m",
 445        "M": "%-m",
 446        "dddd": "%A",
 447        "dd": "%d",
 448        "d": "%-d",
 449        "HH": "%H",
 450        "H": "%-H",
 451        "h": "%-I",
 452        "ffffff": "%f",
 453        "yyyy": "%Y",
 454        "yy": "%y",
 455    }
 456
 457    CONVERT_FORMAT_MAPPING = {
 458        "0": "%b %d %Y %-I:%M%p",
 459        "1": "%m/%d/%y",
 460        "2": "%y.%m.%d",
 461        "3": "%d/%m/%y",
 462        "4": "%d.%m.%y",
 463        "5": "%d-%m-%y",
 464        "6": "%d %b %y",
 465        "7": "%b %d, %y",
 466        "8": "%H:%M:%S",
 467        "9": "%b %d %Y %-I:%M:%S:%f%p",
 468        "10": "mm-dd-yy",
 469        "11": "yy/mm/dd",
 470        "12": "yymmdd",
 471        "13": "%d %b %Y %H:%M:ss:%f",
 472        "14": "%H:%M:%S:%f",
 473        "20": "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S",
 474        "21": "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S.%f",
 475        "22": "%m/%d/%y %-I:%M:%S %p",
 476        "23": "%Y-%m-%d",
 477        "24": "%H:%M:%S",
 478        "25": "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S.%f",
 479        "100": "%b %d %Y %-I:%M%p",
 480        "101": "%m/%d/%Y",
 481        "102": "%Y.%m.%d",
 482        "103": "%d/%m/%Y",
 483        "104": "%d.%m.%Y",
 484        "105": "%d-%m-%Y",
 485        "106": "%d %b %Y",
 486        "107": "%b %d, %Y",
 487        "108": "%H:%M:%S",
 488        "109": "%b %d %Y %-I:%M:%S:%f%p",
 489        "110": "%m-%d-%Y",
 490        "111": "%Y/%m/%d",
 491        "112": "%Y%m%d",
 492        "113": "%d %b %Y %H:%M:%S:%f",
 493        "114": "%H:%M:%S:%f",
 494        "120": "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S",
 495        "121": "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S.%f",
 496        "126": "%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S.%f",
 497    }
 498
 499    FORMAT_TIME_MAPPING = {
 500        "y": "%B %Y",
 501        "d": "%m/%d/%Y",
 502        "H": "%-H",
 503        "h": "%-I",
 504        "s": "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S",
 505        "D": "%A,%B,%Y",
 506        "f": "%A,%B,%Y %-I:%M %p",
 507        "F": "%A,%B,%Y %-I:%M:%S %p",
 508        "g": "%m/%d/%Y %-I:%M %p",
 509        "G": "%m/%d/%Y %-I:%M:%S %p",
 510        "M": "%B %-d",
 511        "m": "%B %-d",
 512        "O": "%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S",
 513        "u": "%Y-%M-%D %H:%M:%S%z",
 514        "U": "%A, %B %D, %Y %H:%M:%S%z",
 515        "T": "%-I:%M:%S %p",
 516        "t": "%-I:%M",
 517        "Y": "%a %Y",
 518    }
 519
 520    class Tokenizer(tokens.Tokenizer):
 521        IDENTIFIERS = [("[", "]"), '"']
 522        QUOTES = ["'", '"']
 523        HEX_STRINGS = [("0x", ""), ("0X", "")]
 524        VAR_SINGLE_TOKENS = {"@", "$", "#"}
 525
 526        KEYWORDS = {
 527            **tokens.Tokenizer.KEYWORDS,
 528            "CLUSTERED INDEX": TokenType.INDEX,
 529            "DATETIME2": TokenType.DATETIME2,
 530            "DATETIMEOFFSET": TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ,
 531            "DECLARE": TokenType.DECLARE,
 532            "EXEC": TokenType.COMMAND,
 533            "FOR SYSTEM_TIME": TokenType.TIMESTAMP_SNAPSHOT,
 534            "GO": TokenType.COMMAND,
 535            "IMAGE": TokenType.IMAGE,
 536            "MONEY": TokenType.MONEY,
 537            "NONCLUSTERED INDEX": TokenType.INDEX,
 538            "NTEXT": TokenType.TEXT,
 539            "OPTION": TokenType.OPTION,
 540            "OUTPUT": TokenType.RETURNING,
 541            "PRINT": TokenType.COMMAND,
 542            "PROC": TokenType.PROCEDURE,
 543            "REAL": TokenType.FLOAT,
 544            "ROWVERSION": TokenType.ROWVERSION,
 545            "SMALLDATETIME": TokenType.SMALLDATETIME,
 546            "SMALLMONEY": TokenType.SMALLMONEY,
 547            "SQL_VARIANT": TokenType.VARIANT,
 548            "SYSTEM_USER": TokenType.CURRENT_USER,
 549            "TOP": TokenType.TOP,
 550            "TIMESTAMP": TokenType.ROWVERSION,
 551            "TINYINT": TokenType.UTINYINT,
 552            "UNIQUEIDENTIFIER": TokenType.UUID,
 553            "UPDATE STATISTICS": TokenType.COMMAND,
 554            "XML": TokenType.XML,
 555        }
 556        KEYWORDS.pop("/*+")
 557
 558        COMMANDS = {*tokens.Tokenizer.COMMANDS, TokenType.END}
 559
 560    class Parser(parser.Parser):
 561        SET_REQUIRES_ASSIGNMENT_DELIMITER = False
 562        LOG_DEFAULTS_TO_LN = True
 563        STRING_ALIASES = True
 564        NO_PAREN_IF_COMMANDS = False
 565
 566        QUERY_MODIFIER_PARSERS = {
 567            **parser.Parser.QUERY_MODIFIER_PARSERS,
 568            TokenType.OPTION: lambda self: ("options", self._parse_options()),
 569            TokenType.FOR: lambda self: ("for", self._parse_for()),
 570        }
 571
 572        # T-SQL does not allow BEGIN to be used as an identifier
 573        ID_VAR_TOKENS = parser.Parser.ID_VAR_TOKENS - {TokenType.BEGIN}
 574        ALIAS_TOKENS = parser.Parser.ALIAS_TOKENS - {TokenType.BEGIN}
 575        TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS = parser.Parser.TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS - {TokenType.BEGIN}
 576        COMMENT_TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS = parser.Parser.COMMENT_TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS - {TokenType.BEGIN}
 577        UPDATE_ALIAS_TOKENS = parser.Parser.UPDATE_ALIAS_TOKENS - {TokenType.BEGIN}
 578
 579        FUNCTIONS = {
 580            **parser.Parser.FUNCTIONS,
 581            "CHARINDEX": lambda args: exp.StrPosition(
 582                this=seq_get(args, 1),
 583                substr=seq_get(args, 0),
 584                position=seq_get(args, 2),
 585            ),
 586            "COUNT": lambda args: exp.Count(
 587                this=seq_get(args, 0), expressions=args[1:], big_int=False
 588            ),
 589            "COUNT_BIG": lambda args: exp.Count(
 590                this=seq_get(args, 0), expressions=args[1:], big_int=True
 591            ),
 592            "DATEADD": build_date_delta(exp.DateAdd, unit_mapping=DATE_DELTA_INTERVAL),
 593            "DATEDIFF": _build_date_delta(exp.DateDiff, unit_mapping=DATE_DELTA_INTERVAL),
 594            "DATENAME": _build_formatted_time(exp.TimeToStr, full_format_mapping=True),
 595            "DATEPART": _build_formatted_time(exp.TimeToStr),
 596            "DATETIMEFROMPARTS": _build_datetimefromparts,
 597            "EOMONTH": _build_eomonth,
 598            "FORMAT": _build_format,
 599            "GETDATE": exp.CurrentTimestamp.from_arg_list,
 600            "HASHBYTES": _build_hashbytes,
 601            "ISNULL": lambda args: build_coalesce(args=args, is_null=True),
 602            "JSON_QUERY": _build_json_query,
 603            "JSON_VALUE": parser.build_extract_json_with_path(exp.JSONExtractScalar),
 604            "LEN": _build_with_arg_as_text(exp.Length),
 605            "LEFT": _build_with_arg_as_text(exp.Left),
 606            "NEWID": exp.Uuid.from_arg_list,
 607            "RIGHT": _build_with_arg_as_text(exp.Right),
 608            "PARSENAME": _build_parsename,
 609            "REPLICATE": exp.Repeat.from_arg_list,
 610            "SCHEMA_NAME": exp.CurrentSchema.from_arg_list,
 611            "SQUARE": lambda args: exp.Pow(this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=exp.Literal.number(2)),
 612            "SYSDATETIME": exp.CurrentTimestamp.from_arg_list,
 613            "SUSER_NAME": exp.CurrentUser.from_arg_list,
 614            "SUSER_SNAME": exp.CurrentUser.from_arg_list,
 615            "SYSDATETIMEOFFSET": exp.CurrentTimestampLTZ.from_arg_list,
 616            "SYSTEM_USER": exp.CurrentUser.from_arg_list,
 617            "TIMEFROMPARTS": _build_timefromparts,
 618            "DATETRUNC": _build_datetrunc,
 619        }
 620
 621        JOIN_HINTS = {"LOOP", "HASH", "MERGE", "REMOTE"}
 622
 623        PROCEDURE_OPTIONS = dict.fromkeys(
 624            ("ENCRYPTION", "RECOMPILE", "SCHEMABINDING", "NATIVE_COMPILATION", "EXECUTE"), tuple()
 625        )
 626
 627        COLUMN_DEFINITION_MODES = {"OUT", "OUTPUT", "READ_ONLY"}
 628
 629        RETURNS_TABLE_TOKENS = parser.Parser.ID_VAR_TOKENS - {
 630            TokenType.TABLE,
 631            *parser.Parser.TYPE_TOKENS,
 632        }
 633
 634        STATEMENT_PARSERS = {
 635            **parser.Parser.STATEMENT_PARSERS,
 636            TokenType.DECLARE: lambda self: self._parse_declare(),
 637        }
 638
 639        RANGE_PARSERS = {
 640            **parser.Parser.RANGE_PARSERS,
 641            TokenType.DCOLON: lambda self, this: self.expression(
 642                exp.ScopeResolution,
 643                this=this,
 644                expression=self._parse_function() or self._parse_var(any_token=True),
 645            ),
 646        }
 647
 648        NO_PAREN_FUNCTION_PARSERS = {
 649            **parser.Parser.NO_PAREN_FUNCTION_PARSERS,
 650            "NEXT": lambda self: self._parse_next_value_for(),
 651        }
 652
 653        # The DCOLON (::) operator serves as a scope resolution (exp.ScopeResolution) operator in T-SQL
 654        COLUMN_OPERATORS = {
 655            **parser.Parser.COLUMN_OPERATORS,
 656            TokenType.DCOLON: lambda self, this, to: self.expression(exp.Cast, this=this, to=to)
 657            if isinstance(to, exp.DataType) and to.this != exp.DataType.Type.USERDEFINED
 658            else self.expression(exp.ScopeResolution, this=this, expression=to),
 659        }
 660
 661        def _parse_alter_table_set(self) -> exp.AlterSet:
 662            return self._parse_wrapped(super()._parse_alter_table_set)
 663
 664        def _parse_wrapped_select(self, table: bool = False) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
 665            if self._match(TokenType.MERGE):
 666                comments = self._prev_comments
 667                merge = self._parse_merge()
 668                merge.add_comments(comments, prepend=True)
 669                return merge
 670
 671            return super()._parse_wrapped_select(table=table)
 672
 673        def _parse_dcolon(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
 674            # We want to use _parse_types() if the first token after :: is a known type,
 675            # otherwise we could parse something like x::varchar(max) into a function
 676            if self._match_set(self.TYPE_TOKENS, advance=False):
 677                return self._parse_types()
 678
 679            return self._parse_function() or self._parse_types()
 680
 681        def _parse_options(self) -> t.Optional[t.List[exp.Expression]]:
 682            if not self._match(TokenType.OPTION):
 683                return None
 684
 685            def _parse_option() -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
 686                option = self._parse_var_from_options(OPTIONS)
 687                if not option:
 688                    return None
 689
 690                self._match(TokenType.EQ)
 691                return self.expression(
 692                    exp.QueryOption, this=option, expression=self._parse_primary_or_var()
 693                )
 694
 695            return self._parse_wrapped_csv(_parse_option)
 696
 697        def _parse_xml_key_value_option(self) -> exp.XMLKeyValueOption:
 698            this = self._parse_primary_or_var()
 699            if self._match(TokenType.L_PAREN, advance=False):
 700                expression = self._parse_wrapped(self._parse_string)
 701            else:
 702                expression = None
 703
 704            return exp.XMLKeyValueOption(this=this, expression=expression)
 705
 706        def _parse_for(self) -> t.Optional[t.List[exp.Expression]]:
 707            if not self._match_pair(TokenType.FOR, TokenType.XML):
 708                return None
 709
 710            def _parse_for_xml() -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
 711                return self.expression(
 712                    exp.QueryOption,
 713                    this=self._parse_var_from_options(XML_OPTIONS, raise_unmatched=False)
 714                    or self._parse_xml_key_value_option(),
 715                )
 716
 717            return self._parse_csv(_parse_for_xml)
 718
 719        def _parse_projections(self) -> t.List[exp.Expression]:
 720            """
 721            T-SQL supports the syntax alias = expression in the SELECT's projection list,
 722            so we transform all parsed Selects to convert their EQ projections into Aliases.
 723
 724            See: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/sql/t-sql/queries/select-clause-transact-sql?view=sql-server-ver16#syntax
 725            """
 726            return [
 727                (
 728                    exp.alias_(projection.expression, projection.this.this, copy=False)
 729                    if isinstance(projection, exp.EQ) and isinstance(projection.this, exp.Column)
 730                    else projection
 731                )
 732                for projection in super()._parse_projections()
 733            ]
 734
 735        def _parse_commit_or_rollback(self) -> exp.Commit | exp.Rollback:
 736            """Applies to SQL Server and Azure SQL Database
 737            COMMIT [ { TRAN | TRANSACTION }
 738                [ transaction_name | @tran_name_variable ] ]
 739                [ WITH ( DELAYED_DURABILITY = { OFF | ON } ) ]
 740
 741            ROLLBACK { TRAN | TRANSACTION }
 742                [ transaction_name | @tran_name_variable
 743                | savepoint_name | @savepoint_variable ]
 744            """
 745            rollback = self._prev.token_type == TokenType.ROLLBACK
 746
 747            self._match_texts(("TRAN", "TRANSACTION"))
 748            this = self._parse_id_var()
 749
 750            if rollback:
 751                return self.expression(exp.Rollback, this=this)
 752
 753            durability = None
 754            if self._match_pair(TokenType.WITH, TokenType.L_PAREN):
 755                self._match_text_seq("DELAYED_DURABILITY")
 756                self._match(TokenType.EQ)
 757
 758                if self._match_text_seq("OFF"):
 759                    durability = False
 760                else:
 761                    self._match(TokenType.ON)
 762                    durability = True
 763
 764                self._match_r_paren()
 765
 766            return self.expression(exp.Commit, this=this, durability=durability)
 767
 768        def _parse_transaction(self) -> exp.Transaction | exp.Command:
 769            """Applies to SQL Server and Azure SQL Database
 770            BEGIN { TRAN | TRANSACTION }
 771            [ { transaction_name | @tran_name_variable }
 772            [ WITH MARK [ 'description' ] ]
 773            ]
 774            """
 775            if self._match_texts(("TRAN", "TRANSACTION")):
 776                transaction = self.expression(exp.Transaction, this=self._parse_id_var())
 777                if self._match_text_seq("WITH", "MARK"):
 778                    transaction.set("mark", self._parse_string())
 779
 780                return transaction
 781
 782            return self._parse_as_command(self._prev)
 783
 784        def _parse_returns(self) -> exp.ReturnsProperty:
 785            table = self._parse_id_var(any_token=False, tokens=self.RETURNS_TABLE_TOKENS)
 786            returns = super()._parse_returns()
 787            returns.set("table", table)
 788            return returns
 789
 790        def _parse_convert(
 791            self, strict: bool, safe: t.Optional[bool] = None
 792        ) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
 793            this = self._parse_types()
 794            self._match(TokenType.COMMA)
 795            args = [this, *self._parse_csv(self._parse_assignment)]
 796            convert = exp.Convert.from_arg_list(args)
 797            convert.set("safe", safe)
 798            convert.set("strict", strict)
 799            return convert
 800
 801        def _parse_column_def(
 802            self, this: t.Optional[exp.Expression], computed_column: bool = True
 803        ) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
 804            this = super()._parse_column_def(this=this, computed_column=computed_column)
 805            if not this:
 806                return None
 807            if self._match(TokenType.EQ):
 808                this.set("default", self._parse_disjunction())
 809            if self._match_texts(self.COLUMN_DEFINITION_MODES):
 810                this.set("output", self._prev.text)
 811            return this
 812
 813        def _parse_user_defined_function(
 814            self, kind: t.Optional[TokenType] = None
 815        ) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
 816            this = super()._parse_user_defined_function(kind=kind)
 817
 818            if (
 819                kind == TokenType.FUNCTION
 820                or isinstance(this, exp.UserDefinedFunction)
 821                or self._match(TokenType.ALIAS, advance=False)
 822            ):
 823                return this
 824
 825            if not self._match(TokenType.WITH, advance=False):
 826                expressions = self._parse_csv(self._parse_function_parameter)
 827            else:
 828                expressions = None
 829
 830            return self.expression(exp.UserDefinedFunction, this=this, expressions=expressions)
 831
 832        def _parse_into(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Into]:
 833            into = super()._parse_into()
 834
 835            table = isinstance(into, exp.Into) and into.find(exp.Table)
 836            if isinstance(table, exp.Table):
 837                table_identifier = table.this
 838                if table_identifier.args.get("temporary"):
 839                    # Promote the temporary property from the Identifier to the Into expression
 840                    t.cast(exp.Into, into).set("temporary", True)
 841
 842            return into
 843
 844        def _parse_id_var(
 845            self,
 846            any_token: bool = True,
 847            tokens: t.Optional[t.Collection[TokenType]] = None,
 848        ) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
 849            is_temporary = self._match(TokenType.HASH)
 850            is_global = is_temporary and self._match(TokenType.HASH)
 851
 852            this = super()._parse_id_var(any_token=any_token, tokens=tokens)
 853            if this:
 854                if is_global:
 855                    this.set("global", True)
 856                elif is_temporary:
 857                    this.set("temporary", True)
 858
 859            return this
 860
 861        def _parse_create(self) -> exp.Create | exp.Command:
 862            create = super()._parse_create()
 863
 864            if isinstance(create, exp.Create):
 865                table = create.this.this if isinstance(create.this, exp.Schema) else create.this
 866                if isinstance(table, exp.Table) and table.this and table.this.args.get("temporary"):
 867                    if not create.args.get("properties"):
 868                        create.set("properties", exp.Properties(expressions=[]))
 869
 870                    create.args["properties"].append("expressions", exp.TemporaryProperty())
 871
 872            return create
 873
 874        def _parse_if(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
 875            index = self._index
 876
 877            if self._match_text_seq("OBJECT_ID"):
 878                self._parse_wrapped_csv(self._parse_string)
 879                if self._match_text_seq("IS", "NOT", "NULL") and self._match(TokenType.DROP):
 880                    return self._parse_drop(exists=True)
 881                self._retreat(index)
 882
 883            return super()._parse_if()
 884
 885        def _parse_unique(self) -> exp.UniqueColumnConstraint:
 886            if self._match_texts(("CLUSTERED", "NONCLUSTERED")):
 887                this = self.CONSTRAINT_PARSERS[self._prev.text.upper()](self)
 888            else:
 889                this = self._parse_schema(self._parse_id_var(any_token=False))
 890
 891            return self.expression(exp.UniqueColumnConstraint, this=this)
 892
 893        def _parse_partition(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Partition]:
 894            if not self._match_text_seq("WITH", "(", "PARTITIONS"):
 895                return None
 896
 897            def parse_range():
 898                low = self._parse_bitwise()
 899                high = self._parse_bitwise() if self._match_text_seq("TO") else None
 900
 901                return (
 902                    self.expression(exp.PartitionRange, this=low, expression=high) if high else low
 903                )
 904
 905            partition = self.expression(
 906                exp.Partition, expressions=self._parse_wrapped_csv(parse_range)
 907            )
 908
 909            self._match_r_paren()
 910
 911            return partition
 912
 913        def _parse_declare(self) -> exp.Declare | exp.Command:
 914            index = self._index
 915            expressions = self._try_parse(partial(self._parse_csv, self._parse_declareitem))
 916
 917            if not expressions or self._curr:
 918                self._retreat(index)
 919                return self._parse_as_command(self._prev)
 920
 921            return self.expression(exp.Declare, expressions=expressions)
 922
 923        def _parse_declareitem(self) -> t.Optional[exp.DeclareItem]:
 924            var = self._parse_id_var()
 925            if not var:
 926                return None
 927
 928            value = None
 929            self._match(TokenType.ALIAS)
 930            if self._match(TokenType.TABLE):
 931                data_type = self._parse_schema()
 932            else:
 933                data_type = self._parse_types()
 934                if self._match(TokenType.EQ):
 935                    value = self._parse_bitwise()
 936
 937            return self.expression(exp.DeclareItem, this=var, kind=data_type, default=value)
 938
 939        def _parse_alter_table_alter(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
 940            expression = super()._parse_alter_table_alter()
 941
 942            if expression is not None:
 943                collation = expression.args.get("collate")
 944                if isinstance(collation, exp.Column) and isinstance(collation.this, exp.Identifier):
 945                    identifier = collation.this
 946                    collation.set("this", exp.Var(this=identifier.name))
 947
 948            return expression
 949
 950    class Generator(generator.Generator):
 951        LIMIT_IS_TOP = True
 952        QUERY_HINTS = False
 953        RETURNING_END = False
 954        NVL2_SUPPORTED = False
 955        ALTER_TABLE_INCLUDE_COLUMN_KEYWORD = False
 956        LIMIT_FETCH = "FETCH"
 957        COMPUTED_COLUMN_WITH_TYPE = False
 958        CTE_RECURSIVE_KEYWORD_REQUIRED = False
 959        ENSURE_BOOLS = True
 960        NULL_ORDERING_SUPPORTED = None
 961        SUPPORTS_SINGLE_ARG_CONCAT = False
 962        TABLESAMPLE_SEED_KEYWORD = "REPEATABLE"
 963        SUPPORTS_SELECT_INTO = True
 964        JSON_PATH_BRACKETED_KEY_SUPPORTED = False
 965        SUPPORTS_TO_NUMBER = False
 966        SET_OP_MODIFIERS = False
 967        COPY_PARAMS_EQ_REQUIRED = True
 968        PARSE_JSON_NAME = None
 969        EXCEPT_INTERSECT_SUPPORT_ALL_CLAUSE = False
 970        ALTER_SET_WRAPPED = True
 971        ALTER_SET_TYPE = ""
 972
 973        EXPRESSIONS_WITHOUT_NESTED_CTES = {
 974            exp.Create,
 975            exp.Delete,
 976            exp.Insert,
 977            exp.Intersect,
 978            exp.Except,
 979            exp.Merge,
 980            exp.Select,
 981            exp.Subquery,
 982            exp.Union,
 983            exp.Update,
 984        }
 985
 986        SUPPORTED_JSON_PATH_PARTS = {
 987            exp.JSONPathKey,
 988            exp.JSONPathRoot,
 989            exp.JSONPathSubscript,
 990        }
 991
 992        TYPE_MAPPING = {
 993            **generator.Generator.TYPE_MAPPING,
 994            exp.DataType.Type.BOOLEAN: "BIT",
 995            exp.DataType.Type.DATETIME2: "DATETIME2",
 996            exp.DataType.Type.DECIMAL: "NUMERIC",
 997            exp.DataType.Type.DOUBLE: "FLOAT",
 998            exp.DataType.Type.INT: "INTEGER",
 999            exp.DataType.Type.ROWVERSION: "ROWVERSION",
1000            exp.DataType.Type.TEXT: "VARCHAR(MAX)",
1001            exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP: "DATETIME2",
1002            exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPNTZ: "DATETIME2",
1003            exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPTZ: "DATETIMEOFFSET",
1004            exp.DataType.Type.SMALLDATETIME: "SMALLDATETIME",
1005            exp.DataType.Type.UTINYINT: "TINYINT",
1006            exp.DataType.Type.VARIANT: "SQL_VARIANT",
1007            exp.DataType.Type.UUID: "UNIQUEIDENTIFIER",
1008        }
1009
1010        TYPE_MAPPING.pop(exp.DataType.Type.NCHAR)
1011        TYPE_MAPPING.pop(exp.DataType.Type.NVARCHAR)
1012
1013        TRANSFORMS = {
1014            **generator.Generator.TRANSFORMS,
1015            exp.AnyValue: any_value_to_max_sql,
1016            exp.ArrayToString: rename_func("STRING_AGG"),
1017            exp.AutoIncrementColumnConstraint: lambda *_: "IDENTITY",
1018            exp.Chr: rename_func("CHAR"),
1019            exp.DateAdd: date_delta_sql("DATEADD"),
1020            exp.DateDiff: date_delta_sql("DATEDIFF"),
1021            exp.CTE: transforms.preprocess([qualify_derived_table_outputs]),
1022            exp.CurrentDate: rename_func("GETDATE"),
1023            exp.CurrentTimestamp: rename_func("GETDATE"),
1024            exp.CurrentTimestampLTZ: rename_func("SYSDATETIMEOFFSET"),
1025            exp.DateStrToDate: datestrtodate_sql,
1026            exp.Extract: rename_func("DATEPART"),
1027            exp.GeneratedAsIdentityColumnConstraint: generatedasidentitycolumnconstraint_sql,
1028            exp.GroupConcat: _string_agg_sql,
1029            exp.If: rename_func("IIF"),
1030            exp.JSONExtract: _json_extract_sql,
1031            exp.JSONExtractScalar: _json_extract_sql,
1032            exp.LastDay: lambda self, e: self.func("EOMONTH", e.this),
1033            exp.Ln: rename_func("LOG"),
1034            exp.Max: max_or_greatest,
1035            exp.MD5: lambda self, e: self.func("HASHBYTES", exp.Literal.string("MD5"), e.this),
1036            exp.Min: min_or_least,
1037            exp.NumberToStr: _format_sql,
1038            exp.Repeat: rename_func("REPLICATE"),
1039            exp.CurrentSchema: rename_func("SCHEMA_NAME"),
1040            exp.Select: transforms.preprocess(
1041                [
1042                    transforms.eliminate_distinct_on,
1043                    transforms.eliminate_semi_and_anti_joins,
1044                    transforms.eliminate_qualify,
1045                    transforms.unnest_generate_date_array_using_recursive_cte,
1046                ]
1047            ),
1048            exp.Stddev: rename_func("STDEV"),
1049            exp.StrPosition: lambda self, e: strposition_sql(
1050                self, e, func_name="CHARINDEX", supports_position=True
1051            ),
1052            exp.Subquery: transforms.preprocess([qualify_derived_table_outputs]),
1053            exp.SHA: lambda self, e: self.func("HASHBYTES", exp.Literal.string("SHA1"), e.this),
1054            exp.SHA2: lambda self, e: self.func(
1055                "HASHBYTES", exp.Literal.string(f"SHA2_{e.args.get('length', 256)}"), e.this
1056            ),
1057            exp.TemporaryProperty: lambda self, e: "",
1058            exp.TimeStrToTime: _timestrtotime_sql,
1059            exp.TimeToStr: _format_sql,
1060            exp.Trim: trim_sql,
1061            exp.TsOrDsAdd: date_delta_sql("DATEADD", cast=True),
1062            exp.TsOrDsDiff: date_delta_sql("DATEDIFF"),
1063            exp.TimestampTrunc: lambda self, e: self.func("DATETRUNC", e.unit, e.this),
1064            exp.Uuid: lambda *_: "NEWID()",
1065            exp.DateFromParts: rename_func("DATEFROMPARTS"),
1066        }
1067
1068        TRANSFORMS.pop(exp.ReturnsProperty)
1069
1070        PROPERTIES_LOCATION = {
1071            **generator.Generator.PROPERTIES_LOCATION,
1072            exp.VolatileProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED,
1073        }
1074
1075        def scope_resolution(self, rhs: str, scope_name: str) -> str:
1076            return f"{scope_name}::{rhs}"
1077
1078        def select_sql(self, expression: exp.Select) -> str:
1079            limit = expression.args.get("limit")
1080            offset = expression.args.get("offset")
1081
1082            if isinstance(limit, exp.Fetch) and not offset:
1083                # Dialects like Oracle can FETCH directly from a row set but
1084                # T-SQL requires an ORDER BY + OFFSET clause in order to FETCH
1085                offset = exp.Offset(expression=exp.Literal.number(0))
1086                expression.set("offset", offset)
1087
1088            if offset:
1089                if not expression.args.get("order"):
1090                    # ORDER BY is required in order to use OFFSET in a query, so we use
1091                    # a noop order by, since we don't really care about the order.
1092                    # See: https://www.microsoftpressstore.com/articles/article.aspx?p=2314819
1093                    expression.order_by(exp.select(exp.null()).subquery(), copy=False)
1094
1095                if isinstance(limit, exp.Limit):
1096                    # TOP and OFFSET can't be combined, we need use FETCH instead of TOP
1097                    # we replace here because otherwise TOP would be generated in select_sql
1098                    limit.replace(exp.Fetch(direction="FIRST", count=limit.expression))
1099
1100            return super().select_sql(expression)
1101
1102        def convert_sql(self, expression: exp.Convert) -> str:
1103            name = "TRY_CONVERT" if expression.args.get("safe") else "CONVERT"
1104            return self.func(
1105                name, expression.this, expression.expression, expression.args.get("style")
1106            )
1107
1108        def queryoption_sql(self, expression: exp.QueryOption) -> str:
1109            option = self.sql(expression, "this")
1110            value = self.sql(expression, "expression")
1111            if value:
1112                optional_equal_sign = "= " if option in OPTIONS_THAT_REQUIRE_EQUAL else ""
1113                return f"{option} {optional_equal_sign}{value}"
1114            return option
1115
1116        def lateral_op(self, expression: exp.Lateral) -> str:
1117            cross_apply = expression.args.get("cross_apply")
1118            if cross_apply is True:
1119                return "CROSS APPLY"
1120            if cross_apply is False:
1121                return "OUTER APPLY"
1122
1123            # TODO: perhaps we can check if the parent is a Join and transpile it appropriately
1124            self.unsupported("LATERAL clause is not supported.")
1125            return "LATERAL"
1126
1127        def splitpart_sql(self: TSQL.Generator, expression: exp.SplitPart) -> str:
1128            this = expression.this
1129            split_count = len(this.name.split("."))
1130            delimiter = expression.args.get("delimiter")
1131            part_index = expression.args.get("part_index")
1132
1133            if (
1134                not all(isinstance(arg, exp.Literal) for arg in (this, delimiter, part_index))
1135                or (delimiter and delimiter.name != ".")
1136                or not part_index
1137                or split_count > 4
1138            ):
1139                self.unsupported(
1140                    "SPLIT_PART can be transpiled to PARSENAME only for '.' delimiter and literal values"
1141                )
1142                return ""
1143
1144            return self.func(
1145                "PARSENAME", this, exp.Literal.number(split_count + 1 - part_index.to_py())
1146            )
1147
1148        def timefromparts_sql(self, expression: exp.TimeFromParts) -> str:
1149            nano = expression.args.get("nano")
1150            if nano is not None:
1151                nano.pop()
1152                self.unsupported("Specifying nanoseconds is not supported in TIMEFROMPARTS.")
1153
1154            if expression.args.get("fractions") is None:
1155                expression.set("fractions", exp.Literal.number(0))
1156            if expression.args.get("precision") is None:
1157                expression.set("precision", exp.Literal.number(0))
1158
1159            return rename_func("TIMEFROMPARTS")(self, expression)
1160
1161        def timestampfromparts_sql(self, expression: exp.TimestampFromParts) -> str:
1162            zone = expression.args.get("zone")
1163            if zone is not None:
1164                zone.pop()
1165                self.unsupported("Time zone is not supported in DATETIMEFROMPARTS.")
1166
1167            nano = expression.args.get("nano")
1168            if nano is not None:
1169                nano.pop()
1170                self.unsupported("Specifying nanoseconds is not supported in DATETIMEFROMPARTS.")
1171
1172            if expression.args.get("milli") is None:
1173                expression.set("milli", exp.Literal.number(0))
1174
1175            return rename_func("DATETIMEFROMPARTS")(self, expression)
1176
1177        def setitem_sql(self, expression: exp.SetItem) -> str:
1178            this = expression.this
1179            if isinstance(this, exp.EQ) and not isinstance(this.left, exp.Parameter):
1180                # T-SQL does not use '=' in SET command, except when the LHS is a variable.
1181                return f"{self.sql(this.left)} {self.sql(this.right)}"
1182
1183            return super().setitem_sql(expression)
1184
1185        def boolean_sql(self, expression: exp.Boolean) -> str:
1186            if type(expression.parent) in BIT_TYPES or isinstance(
1187                expression.find_ancestor(exp.Values, exp.Select), exp.Values
1188            ):
1189                return "1" if expression.this else "0"
1190
1191            return "(1 = 1)" if expression.this else "(1 = 0)"
1192
1193        def is_sql(self, expression: exp.Is) -> str:
1194            if isinstance(expression.expression, exp.Boolean):
1195                return self.binary(expression, "=")
1196            return self.binary(expression, "IS")
1197
1198        def createable_sql(self, expression: exp.Create, locations: t.DefaultDict) -> str:
1199            sql = self.sql(expression, "this")
1200            properties = expression.args.get("properties")
1201
1202            if sql[:1] != "#" and any(
1203                isinstance(prop, exp.TemporaryProperty)
1204                for prop in (properties.expressions if properties else [])
1205            ):
1206                sql = f"[#{sql[1:]}" if sql.startswith("[") else f"#{sql}"
1207
1208            return sql
1209
1210        def create_sql(self, expression: exp.Create) -> str:
1211            kind = expression.kind
1212            exists = expression.args.pop("exists", None)
1213
1214            like_property = expression.find(exp.LikeProperty)
1215            if like_property:
1216                ctas_expression = like_property.this
1217            else:
1218                ctas_expression = expression.expression
1219
1220            if kind == "VIEW":
1221                expression.this.set("catalog", None)
1222                with_ = expression.args.get("with")
1223                if ctas_expression and with_:
1224                    # We've already preprocessed the Create expression to bubble up any nested CTEs,
1225                    # but CREATE VIEW actually requires the WITH clause to come after it so we need
1226                    # to amend the AST by moving the CTEs to the CREATE VIEW statement's query.
1227                    ctas_expression.set("with", with_.pop())
1228
1229            table = expression.find(exp.Table)
1230
1231            # Convert CTAS statement to SELECT .. INTO ..
1232            if kind == "TABLE" and ctas_expression:
1233                if isinstance(ctas_expression, exp.UNWRAPPED_QUERIES):
1234                    ctas_expression = ctas_expression.subquery()
1235
1236                properties = expression.args.get("properties") or exp.Properties()
1237                is_temp = any(isinstance(p, exp.TemporaryProperty) for p in properties.expressions)
1238
1239                select_into = exp.select("*").from_(exp.alias_(ctas_expression, "temp", table=True))
1240                select_into.set("into", exp.Into(this=table, temporary=is_temp))
1241
1242                if like_property:
1243                    select_into.limit(0, copy=False)
1244
1245                sql = self.sql(select_into)
1246            else:
1247                sql = super().create_sql(expression)
1248
1249            if exists:
1250                identifier = self.sql(exp.Literal.string(exp.table_name(table) if table else ""))
1251                sql_with_ctes = self.prepend_ctes(expression, sql)
1252                sql_literal = self.sql(exp.Literal.string(sql_with_ctes))
1253                if kind == "SCHEMA":
1254                    return f"""IF NOT EXISTS (SELECT * FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.SCHEMATA WHERE SCHEMA_NAME = {identifier}) EXEC({sql_literal})"""
1255                elif kind == "TABLE":
1256                    assert table
1257                    where = exp.and_(
1258                        exp.column("TABLE_NAME").eq(table.name),
1259                        exp.column("TABLE_SCHEMA").eq(table.db) if table.db else None,
1260                        exp.column("TABLE_CATALOG").eq(table.catalog) if table.catalog else None,
1261                    )
1262                    return f"""IF NOT EXISTS (SELECT * FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES WHERE {where}) EXEC({sql_literal})"""
1263                elif kind == "INDEX":
1264                    index = self.sql(exp.Literal.string(expression.this.text("this")))
1265                    return f"""IF NOT EXISTS (SELECT * FROM sys.indexes WHERE object_id = object_id({identifier}) AND name = {index}) EXEC({sql_literal})"""
1266            elif expression.args.get("replace"):
1267                sql = sql.replace("CREATE OR REPLACE ", "CREATE OR ALTER ", 1)
1268
1269            return self.prepend_ctes(expression, sql)
1270
1271        @generator.unsupported_args("unlogged", "expressions")
1272        def into_sql(self, expression: exp.Into) -> str:
1273            if expression.args.get("temporary"):
1274                # If the Into expression has a temporary property, push this down to the Identifier
1275                table = expression.find(exp.Table)
1276                if table and isinstance(table.this, exp.Identifier):
1277                    table.this.set("temporary", True)
1278
1279            return f"{self.seg('INTO')} {self.sql(expression, 'this')}"
1280
1281        def count_sql(self, expression: exp.Count) -> str:
1282            func_name = "COUNT_BIG" if expression.args.get("big_int") else "COUNT"
1283            return rename_func(func_name)(self, expression)
1284
1285        def offset_sql(self, expression: exp.Offset) -> str:
1286            return f"{super().offset_sql(expression)} ROWS"
1287
1288        def version_sql(self, expression: exp.Version) -> str:
1289            name = "SYSTEM_TIME" if expression.name == "TIMESTAMP" else expression.name
1290            this = f"FOR {name}"
1291            expr = expression.expression
1292            kind = expression.text("kind")
1293            if kind in ("FROM", "BETWEEN"):
1294                args = expr.expressions
1295                sep = "TO" if kind == "FROM" else "AND"
1296                expr_sql = f"{self.sql(seq_get(args, 0))} {sep} {self.sql(seq_get(args, 1))}"
1297            else:
1298                expr_sql = self.sql(expr)
1299
1300            expr_sql = f" {expr_sql}" if expr_sql else ""
1301            return f"{this} {kind}{expr_sql}"
1302
1303        def returnsproperty_sql(self, expression: exp.ReturnsProperty) -> str:
1304            table = expression.args.get("table")
1305            table = f"{table} " if table else ""
1306            return f"RETURNS {table}{self.sql(expression, 'this')}"
1307
1308        def returning_sql(self, expression: exp.Returning) -> str:
1309            into = self.sql(expression, "into")
1310            into = self.seg(f"INTO {into}") if into else ""
1311            return f"{self.seg('OUTPUT')} {self.expressions(expression, flat=True)}{into}"
1312
1313        def transaction_sql(self, expression: exp.Transaction) -> str:
1314            this = self.sql(expression, "this")
1315            this = f" {this}" if this else ""
1316            mark = self.sql(expression, "mark")
1317            mark = f" WITH MARK {mark}" if mark else ""
1318            return f"BEGIN TRANSACTION{this}{mark}"
1319
1320        def commit_sql(self, expression: exp.Commit) -> str:
1321            this = self.sql(expression, "this")
1322            this = f" {this}" if this else ""
1323            durability = expression.args.get("durability")
1324            durability = (
1325                f" WITH (DELAYED_DURABILITY = {'ON' if durability else 'OFF'})"
1326                if durability is not None
1327                else ""
1328            )
1329            return f"COMMIT TRANSACTION{this}{durability}"
1330
1331        def rollback_sql(self, expression: exp.Rollback) -> str:
1332            this = self.sql(expression, "this")
1333            this = f" {this}" if this else ""
1334            return f"ROLLBACK TRANSACTION{this}"
1335
1336        def identifier_sql(self, expression: exp.Identifier) -> str:
1337            identifier = super().identifier_sql(expression)
1338
1339            if expression.args.get("global"):
1340                identifier = f"##{identifier}"
1341            elif expression.args.get("temporary"):
1342                identifier = f"#{identifier}"
1343
1344            return identifier
1345
1346        def constraint_sql(self, expression: exp.Constraint) -> str:
1347            this = self.sql(expression, "this")
1348            expressions = self.expressions(expression, flat=True, sep=" ")
1349            return f"CONSTRAINT {this} {expressions}"
1350
1351        def length_sql(self, expression: exp.Length) -> str:
1352            return self._uncast_text(expression, "LEN")
1353
1354        def right_sql(self, expression: exp.Right) -> str:
1355            return self._uncast_text(expression, "RIGHT")
1356
1357        def left_sql(self, expression: exp.Left) -> str:
1358            return self._uncast_text(expression, "LEFT")
1359
1360        def _uncast_text(self, expression: exp.Expression, name: str) -> str:
1361            this = expression.this
1362            if isinstance(this, exp.Cast) and this.is_type(exp.DataType.Type.TEXT):
1363                this_sql = self.sql(this, "this")
1364            else:
1365                this_sql = self.sql(this)
1366            expression_sql = self.sql(expression, "expression")
1367            return self.func(name, this_sql, expression_sql if expression_sql else None)
1368
1369        def partition_sql(self, expression: exp.Partition) -> str:
1370            return f"WITH (PARTITIONS({self.expressions(expression, flat=True)}))"
1371
1372        def alter_sql(self, expression: exp.Alter) -> str:
1373            action = seq_get(expression.args.get("actions") or [], 0)
1374            if isinstance(action, exp.AlterRename):
1375                return f"EXEC sp_rename '{self.sql(expression.this)}', '{action.this.name}'"
1376            return super().alter_sql(expression)
1377
1378        def drop_sql(self, expression: exp.Drop) -> str:
1379            if expression.args["kind"] == "VIEW":
1380                expression.this.set("catalog", None)
1381            return super().drop_sql(expression)
1382
1383        def options_modifier(self, expression: exp.Expression) -> str:
1384            options = self.expressions(expression, key="options")
1385            return f" OPTION{self.wrap(options)}" if options else ""
1386
1387        def dpipe_sql(self, expression: exp.DPipe) -> str:
1388            return self.sql(
1389                reduce(lambda x, y: exp.Add(this=x, expression=y), expression.flatten())
1390            )
1391
1392        def isascii_sql(self, expression: exp.IsAscii) -> str:
1393            return f"(PATINDEX(CONVERT(VARCHAR(MAX), 0x255b5e002d7f5d25) COLLATE Latin1_General_BIN, {self.sql(expression.this)}) = 0)"
1394
1395        def columndef_sql(self, expression: exp.ColumnDef, sep: str = " ") -> str:
1396            this = super().columndef_sql(expression, sep)
1397            default = self.sql(expression, "default")
1398            default = f" = {default}" if default else ""
1399            output = self.sql(expression, "output")
1400            output = f" {output}" if output else ""
1401            return f"{this}{default}{output}"
1402
1403        def coalesce_sql(self, expression: exp.Coalesce) -> str:
1404            func_name = "ISNULL" if expression.args.get("is_null") else "COALESCE"
1405            return rename_func(func_name)(self, expression)
FULL_FORMAT_TIME_MAPPING = {'weekday': '%A', 'dw': '%A', 'w': '%A', 'month': '%B', 'mm': '%B', 'm': '%B'}
DATE_DELTA_INTERVAL = {'year': 'year', 'yyyy': 'year', 'yy': 'year', 'quarter': 'quarter', 'qq': 'quarter', 'q': 'quarter', 'month': 'month', 'mm': 'month', 'm': 'month', 'week': 'week', 'ww': 'week', 'wk': 'week', 'day': 'day', 'dd': 'day', 'd': 'day'}
DATE_FMT_RE = re.compile('([dD]{1,2})|([mM]{1,2})|([yY]{1,4})|([hH]{1,2})|([sS]{1,2})')
TRANSPILE_SAFE_NUMBER_FMT = {'C', 'N'}
DEFAULT_START_DATE = datetime.date(1900, 1, 1)
OPTIONS: Dict[str, Sequence[Union[Sequence[str], str]]] = {'DISABLE_OPTIMIZED_PLAN_FORCING': (), 'FAST': (), 'IGNORE_NONCLUSTERED_COLUMNSTORE_INDEX': (), 'LABEL': (), 'MAXDOP': (), 'MAXRECURSION': (), 'MAX_GRANT_PERCENT': (), 'MIN_GRANT_PERCENT': (), 'NO_PERFORMANCE_SPOOL': (), 'QUERYTRACEON': (), 'RECOMPILE': (), 'CONCAT': ('UNION',), 'DISABLE': ('EXTERNALPUSHDOWN', 'SCALEOUTEXECUTION'), 'EXPAND': ('VIEWS',), 'FORCE': ('EXTERNALPUSHDOWN', 'ORDER', 'SCALEOUTEXECUTION'), 'HASH': ('GROUP', 'JOIN', 'UNION'), 'KEEP': ('PLAN',), 'KEEPFIXED': ('PLAN',), 'LOOP': ('JOIN',), 'MERGE': ('JOIN', 'UNION'), 'OPTIMIZE': (('FOR', 'UNKNOWN'),), 'ORDER': ('GROUP',), 'PARAMETERIZATION': ('FORCED', 'SIMPLE'), 'ROBUST': ('PLAN',), 'USE': ('PLAN',)}
XML_OPTIONS: Dict[str, Sequence[Union[Sequence[str], str]]] = {'AUTO': (), 'EXPLICIT': (), 'TYPE': (), 'ELEMENTS': ('XSINIL', 'ABSENT'), 'BINARY': ('BASE64',)}
OPTIONS_THAT_REQUIRE_EQUAL = ('MAX_GRANT_PERCENT', 'MIN_GRANT_PERCENT', 'LABEL')
DATEPART_ONLY_FORMATS = {'WK', 'DW', 'QUARTER', 'HOUR'}
def qualify_derived_table_outputs( expression: sqlglot.expressions.Expression) -> sqlglot.expressions.Expression:
274def qualify_derived_table_outputs(expression: exp.Expression) -> exp.Expression:
275    """Ensures all (unnamed) output columns are aliased for CTEs and Subqueries."""
276    alias = expression.args.get("alias")
277
278    if (
279        isinstance(expression, (exp.CTE, exp.Subquery))
280        and isinstance(alias, exp.TableAlias)
281        and not alias.columns
282    ):
283        from sqlglot.optimizer.qualify_columns import qualify_outputs
284
285        # We keep track of the unaliased column projection indexes instead of the expressions
286        # themselves, because the latter are going to be replaced by new nodes when the aliases
287        # are added and hence we won't be able to reach these newly added Alias parents
288        query = expression.this
289        unaliased_column_indexes = (
290            i for i, c in enumerate(query.selects) if isinstance(c, exp.Column) and not c.alias
291        )
292
293        qualify_outputs(query)
294
295        # Preserve the quoting information of columns for newly added Alias nodes
296        query_selects = query.selects
297        for select_index in unaliased_column_indexes:
298            alias = query_selects[select_index]
299            column = alias.this
300            if isinstance(column.this, exp.Identifier):
301                alias.args["alias"].set("quoted", column.this.quoted)
302
303    return expression

Ensures all (unnamed) output columns are aliased for CTEs and Subqueries.

class TSQL(sqlglot.dialects.dialect.Dialect):
 406class TSQL(Dialect):
 407    SUPPORTS_SEMI_ANTI_JOIN = False
 408    LOG_BASE_FIRST = False
 409    TYPED_DIVISION = True
 410    CONCAT_COALESCE = True
 411    NORMALIZATION_STRATEGY = NormalizationStrategy.CASE_INSENSITIVE
 412    ALTER_TABLE_ADD_REQUIRED_FOR_EACH_COLUMN = False
 413
 414    TIME_FORMAT = "'yyyy-mm-dd hh:mm:ss'"
 415
 416    TIME_MAPPING = {
 417        "year": "%Y",
 418        "dayofyear": "%j",
 419        "day": "%d",
 420        "dy": "%d",
 421        "y": "%Y",
 422        "week": "%W",
 423        "ww": "%W",
 424        "wk": "%W",
 425        "hour": "%h",
 426        "hh": "%I",
 427        "minute": "%M",
 428        "mi": "%M",
 429        "n": "%M",
 430        "second": "%S",
 431        "ss": "%S",
 432        "s": "%-S",
 433        "millisecond": "%f",
 434        "ms": "%f",
 435        "weekday": "%w",
 436        "dw": "%w",
 437        "month": "%m",
 438        "mm": "%M",
 439        "m": "%-M",
 440        "Y": "%Y",
 441        "YYYY": "%Y",
 442        "YY": "%y",
 443        "MMMM": "%B",
 444        "MMM": "%b",
 445        "MM": "%m",
 446        "M": "%-m",
 447        "dddd": "%A",
 448        "dd": "%d",
 449        "d": "%-d",
 450        "HH": "%H",
 451        "H": "%-H",
 452        "h": "%-I",
 453        "ffffff": "%f",
 454        "yyyy": "%Y",
 455        "yy": "%y",
 456    }
 457
 458    CONVERT_FORMAT_MAPPING = {
 459        "0": "%b %d %Y %-I:%M%p",
 460        "1": "%m/%d/%y",
 461        "2": "%y.%m.%d",
 462        "3": "%d/%m/%y",
 463        "4": "%d.%m.%y",
 464        "5": "%d-%m-%y",
 465        "6": "%d %b %y",
 466        "7": "%b %d, %y",
 467        "8": "%H:%M:%S",
 468        "9": "%b %d %Y %-I:%M:%S:%f%p",
 469        "10": "mm-dd-yy",
 470        "11": "yy/mm/dd",
 471        "12": "yymmdd",
 472        "13": "%d %b %Y %H:%M:ss:%f",
 473        "14": "%H:%M:%S:%f",
 474        "20": "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S",
 475        "21": "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S.%f",
 476        "22": "%m/%d/%y %-I:%M:%S %p",
 477        "23": "%Y-%m-%d",
 478        "24": "%H:%M:%S",
 479        "25": "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S.%f",
 480        "100": "%b %d %Y %-I:%M%p",
 481        "101": "%m/%d/%Y",
 482        "102": "%Y.%m.%d",
 483        "103": "%d/%m/%Y",
 484        "104": "%d.%m.%Y",
 485        "105": "%d-%m-%Y",
 486        "106": "%d %b %Y",
 487        "107": "%b %d, %Y",
 488        "108": "%H:%M:%S",
 489        "109": "%b %d %Y %-I:%M:%S:%f%p",
 490        "110": "%m-%d-%Y",
 491        "111": "%Y/%m/%d",
 492        "112": "%Y%m%d",
 493        "113": "%d %b %Y %H:%M:%S:%f",
 494        "114": "%H:%M:%S:%f",
 495        "120": "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S",
 496        "121": "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S.%f",
 497        "126": "%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S.%f",
 498    }
 499
 500    FORMAT_TIME_MAPPING = {
 501        "y": "%B %Y",
 502        "d": "%m/%d/%Y",
 503        "H": "%-H",
 504        "h": "%-I",
 505        "s": "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S",
 506        "D": "%A,%B,%Y",
 507        "f": "%A,%B,%Y %-I:%M %p",
 508        "F": "%A,%B,%Y %-I:%M:%S %p",
 509        "g": "%m/%d/%Y %-I:%M %p",
 510        "G": "%m/%d/%Y %-I:%M:%S %p",
 511        "M": "%B %-d",
 512        "m": "%B %-d",
 513        "O": "%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S",
 514        "u": "%Y-%M-%D %H:%M:%S%z",
 515        "U": "%A, %B %D, %Y %H:%M:%S%z",
 516        "T": "%-I:%M:%S %p",
 517        "t": "%-I:%M",
 518        "Y": "%a %Y",
 519    }
 520
 521    class Tokenizer(tokens.Tokenizer):
 522        IDENTIFIERS = [("[", "]"), '"']
 523        QUOTES = ["'", '"']
 524        HEX_STRINGS = [("0x", ""), ("0X", "")]
 525        VAR_SINGLE_TOKENS = {"@", "$", "#"}
 526
 527        KEYWORDS = {
 528            **tokens.Tokenizer.KEYWORDS,
 529            "CLUSTERED INDEX": TokenType.INDEX,
 530            "DATETIME2": TokenType.DATETIME2,
 531            "DATETIMEOFFSET": TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ,
 532            "DECLARE": TokenType.DECLARE,
 533            "EXEC": TokenType.COMMAND,
 534            "FOR SYSTEM_TIME": TokenType.TIMESTAMP_SNAPSHOT,
 535            "GO": TokenType.COMMAND,
 536            "IMAGE": TokenType.IMAGE,
 537            "MONEY": TokenType.MONEY,
 538            "NONCLUSTERED INDEX": TokenType.INDEX,
 539            "NTEXT": TokenType.TEXT,
 540            "OPTION": TokenType.OPTION,
 541            "OUTPUT": TokenType.RETURNING,
 542            "PRINT": TokenType.COMMAND,
 543            "PROC": TokenType.PROCEDURE,
 544            "REAL": TokenType.FLOAT,
 545            "ROWVERSION": TokenType.ROWVERSION,
 546            "SMALLDATETIME": TokenType.SMALLDATETIME,
 547            "SMALLMONEY": TokenType.SMALLMONEY,
 548            "SQL_VARIANT": TokenType.VARIANT,
 549            "SYSTEM_USER": TokenType.CURRENT_USER,
 550            "TOP": TokenType.TOP,
 551            "TIMESTAMP": TokenType.ROWVERSION,
 552            "TINYINT": TokenType.UTINYINT,
 553            "UNIQUEIDENTIFIER": TokenType.UUID,
 554            "UPDATE STATISTICS": TokenType.COMMAND,
 555            "XML": TokenType.XML,
 556        }
 557        KEYWORDS.pop("/*+")
 558
 559        COMMANDS = {*tokens.Tokenizer.COMMANDS, TokenType.END}
 560
 561    class Parser(parser.Parser):
 562        SET_REQUIRES_ASSIGNMENT_DELIMITER = False
 563        LOG_DEFAULTS_TO_LN = True
 564        STRING_ALIASES = True
 565        NO_PAREN_IF_COMMANDS = False
 566
 567        QUERY_MODIFIER_PARSERS = {
 568            **parser.Parser.QUERY_MODIFIER_PARSERS,
 569            TokenType.OPTION: lambda self: ("options", self._parse_options()),
 570            TokenType.FOR: lambda self: ("for", self._parse_for()),
 571        }
 572
 573        # T-SQL does not allow BEGIN to be used as an identifier
 574        ID_VAR_TOKENS = parser.Parser.ID_VAR_TOKENS - {TokenType.BEGIN}
 575        ALIAS_TOKENS = parser.Parser.ALIAS_TOKENS - {TokenType.BEGIN}
 576        TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS = parser.Parser.TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS - {TokenType.BEGIN}
 577        COMMENT_TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS = parser.Parser.COMMENT_TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS - {TokenType.BEGIN}
 578        UPDATE_ALIAS_TOKENS = parser.Parser.UPDATE_ALIAS_TOKENS - {TokenType.BEGIN}
 579
 580        FUNCTIONS = {
 581            **parser.Parser.FUNCTIONS,
 582            "CHARINDEX": lambda args: exp.StrPosition(
 583                this=seq_get(args, 1),
 584                substr=seq_get(args, 0),
 585                position=seq_get(args, 2),
 586            ),
 587            "COUNT": lambda args: exp.Count(
 588                this=seq_get(args, 0), expressions=args[1:], big_int=False
 589            ),
 590            "COUNT_BIG": lambda args: exp.Count(
 591                this=seq_get(args, 0), expressions=args[1:], big_int=True
 592            ),
 593            "DATEADD": build_date_delta(exp.DateAdd, unit_mapping=DATE_DELTA_INTERVAL),
 594            "DATEDIFF": _build_date_delta(exp.DateDiff, unit_mapping=DATE_DELTA_INTERVAL),
 595            "DATENAME": _build_formatted_time(exp.TimeToStr, full_format_mapping=True),
 596            "DATEPART": _build_formatted_time(exp.TimeToStr),
 597            "DATETIMEFROMPARTS": _build_datetimefromparts,
 598            "EOMONTH": _build_eomonth,
 599            "FORMAT": _build_format,
 600            "GETDATE": exp.CurrentTimestamp.from_arg_list,
 601            "HASHBYTES": _build_hashbytes,
 602            "ISNULL": lambda args: build_coalesce(args=args, is_null=True),
 603            "JSON_QUERY": _build_json_query,
 604            "JSON_VALUE": parser.build_extract_json_with_path(exp.JSONExtractScalar),
 605            "LEN": _build_with_arg_as_text(exp.Length),
 606            "LEFT": _build_with_arg_as_text(exp.Left),
 607            "NEWID": exp.Uuid.from_arg_list,
 608            "RIGHT": _build_with_arg_as_text(exp.Right),
 609            "PARSENAME": _build_parsename,
 610            "REPLICATE": exp.Repeat.from_arg_list,
 611            "SCHEMA_NAME": exp.CurrentSchema.from_arg_list,
 612            "SQUARE": lambda args: exp.Pow(this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=exp.Literal.number(2)),
 613            "SYSDATETIME": exp.CurrentTimestamp.from_arg_list,
 614            "SUSER_NAME": exp.CurrentUser.from_arg_list,
 615            "SUSER_SNAME": exp.CurrentUser.from_arg_list,
 616            "SYSDATETIMEOFFSET": exp.CurrentTimestampLTZ.from_arg_list,
 617            "SYSTEM_USER": exp.CurrentUser.from_arg_list,
 618            "TIMEFROMPARTS": _build_timefromparts,
 619            "DATETRUNC": _build_datetrunc,
 620        }
 621
 622        JOIN_HINTS = {"LOOP", "HASH", "MERGE", "REMOTE"}
 623
 624        PROCEDURE_OPTIONS = dict.fromkeys(
 625            ("ENCRYPTION", "RECOMPILE", "SCHEMABINDING", "NATIVE_COMPILATION", "EXECUTE"), tuple()
 626        )
 627
 628        COLUMN_DEFINITION_MODES = {"OUT", "OUTPUT", "READ_ONLY"}
 629
 630        RETURNS_TABLE_TOKENS = parser.Parser.ID_VAR_TOKENS - {
 631            TokenType.TABLE,
 632            *parser.Parser.TYPE_TOKENS,
 633        }
 634
 635        STATEMENT_PARSERS = {
 636            **parser.Parser.STATEMENT_PARSERS,
 637            TokenType.DECLARE: lambda self: self._parse_declare(),
 638        }
 639
 640        RANGE_PARSERS = {
 641            **parser.Parser.RANGE_PARSERS,
 642            TokenType.DCOLON: lambda self, this: self.expression(
 643                exp.ScopeResolution,
 644                this=this,
 645                expression=self._parse_function() or self._parse_var(any_token=True),
 646            ),
 647        }
 648
 649        NO_PAREN_FUNCTION_PARSERS = {
 650            **parser.Parser.NO_PAREN_FUNCTION_PARSERS,
 651            "NEXT": lambda self: self._parse_next_value_for(),
 652        }
 653
 654        # The DCOLON (::) operator serves as a scope resolution (exp.ScopeResolution) operator in T-SQL
 655        COLUMN_OPERATORS = {
 656            **parser.Parser.COLUMN_OPERATORS,
 657            TokenType.DCOLON: lambda self, this, to: self.expression(exp.Cast, this=this, to=to)
 658            if isinstance(to, exp.DataType) and to.this != exp.DataType.Type.USERDEFINED
 659            else self.expression(exp.ScopeResolution, this=this, expression=to),
 660        }
 661
 662        def _parse_alter_table_set(self) -> exp.AlterSet:
 663            return self._parse_wrapped(super()._parse_alter_table_set)
 664
 665        def _parse_wrapped_select(self, table: bool = False) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
 666            if self._match(TokenType.MERGE):
 667                comments = self._prev_comments
 668                merge = self._parse_merge()
 669                merge.add_comments(comments, prepend=True)
 670                return merge
 671
 672            return super()._parse_wrapped_select(table=table)
 673
 674        def _parse_dcolon(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
 675            # We want to use _parse_types() if the first token after :: is a known type,
 676            # otherwise we could parse something like x::varchar(max) into a function
 677            if self._match_set(self.TYPE_TOKENS, advance=False):
 678                return self._parse_types()
 679
 680            return self._parse_function() or self._parse_types()
 681
 682        def _parse_options(self) -> t.Optional[t.List[exp.Expression]]:
 683            if not self._match(TokenType.OPTION):
 684                return None
 685
 686            def _parse_option() -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
 687                option = self._parse_var_from_options(OPTIONS)
 688                if not option:
 689                    return None
 690
 691                self._match(TokenType.EQ)
 692                return self.expression(
 693                    exp.QueryOption, this=option, expression=self._parse_primary_or_var()
 694                )
 695
 696            return self._parse_wrapped_csv(_parse_option)
 697
 698        def _parse_xml_key_value_option(self) -> exp.XMLKeyValueOption:
 699            this = self._parse_primary_or_var()
 700            if self._match(TokenType.L_PAREN, advance=False):
 701                expression = self._parse_wrapped(self._parse_string)
 702            else:
 703                expression = None
 704
 705            return exp.XMLKeyValueOption(this=this, expression=expression)
 706
 707        def _parse_for(self) -> t.Optional[t.List[exp.Expression]]:
 708            if not self._match_pair(TokenType.FOR, TokenType.XML):
 709                return None
 710
 711            def _parse_for_xml() -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
 712                return self.expression(
 713                    exp.QueryOption,
 714                    this=self._parse_var_from_options(XML_OPTIONS, raise_unmatched=False)
 715                    or self._parse_xml_key_value_option(),
 716                )
 717
 718            return self._parse_csv(_parse_for_xml)
 719
 720        def _parse_projections(self) -> t.List[exp.Expression]:
 721            """
 722            T-SQL supports the syntax alias = expression in the SELECT's projection list,
 723            so we transform all parsed Selects to convert their EQ projections into Aliases.
 724
 725            See: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/sql/t-sql/queries/select-clause-transact-sql?view=sql-server-ver16#syntax
 726            """
 727            return [
 728                (
 729                    exp.alias_(projection.expression, projection.this.this, copy=False)
 730                    if isinstance(projection, exp.EQ) and isinstance(projection.this, exp.Column)
 731                    else projection
 732                )
 733                for projection in super()._parse_projections()
 734            ]
 735
 736        def _parse_commit_or_rollback(self) -> exp.Commit | exp.Rollback:
 737            """Applies to SQL Server and Azure SQL Database
 738            COMMIT [ { TRAN | TRANSACTION }
 739                [ transaction_name | @tran_name_variable ] ]
 740                [ WITH ( DELAYED_DURABILITY = { OFF | ON } ) ]
 741
 742            ROLLBACK { TRAN | TRANSACTION }
 743                [ transaction_name | @tran_name_variable
 744                | savepoint_name | @savepoint_variable ]
 745            """
 746            rollback = self._prev.token_type == TokenType.ROLLBACK
 747
 748            self._match_texts(("TRAN", "TRANSACTION"))
 749            this = self._parse_id_var()
 750
 751            if rollback:
 752                return self.expression(exp.Rollback, this=this)
 753
 754            durability = None
 755            if self._match_pair(TokenType.WITH, TokenType.L_PAREN):
 756                self._match_text_seq("DELAYED_DURABILITY")
 757                self._match(TokenType.EQ)
 758
 759                if self._match_text_seq("OFF"):
 760                    durability = False
 761                else:
 762                    self._match(TokenType.ON)
 763                    durability = True
 764
 765                self._match_r_paren()
 766
 767            return self.expression(exp.Commit, this=this, durability=durability)
 768
 769        def _parse_transaction(self) -> exp.Transaction | exp.Command:
 770            """Applies to SQL Server and Azure SQL Database
 771            BEGIN { TRAN | TRANSACTION }
 772            [ { transaction_name | @tran_name_variable }
 773            [ WITH MARK [ 'description' ] ]
 774            ]
 775            """
 776            if self._match_texts(("TRAN", "TRANSACTION")):
 777                transaction = self.expression(exp.Transaction, this=self._parse_id_var())
 778                if self._match_text_seq("WITH", "MARK"):
 779                    transaction.set("mark", self._parse_string())
 780
 781                return transaction
 782
 783            return self._parse_as_command(self._prev)
 784
 785        def _parse_returns(self) -> exp.ReturnsProperty:
 786            table = self._parse_id_var(any_token=False, tokens=self.RETURNS_TABLE_TOKENS)
 787            returns = super()._parse_returns()
 788            returns.set("table", table)
 789            return returns
 790
 791        def _parse_convert(
 792            self, strict: bool, safe: t.Optional[bool] = None
 793        ) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
 794            this = self._parse_types()
 795            self._match(TokenType.COMMA)
 796            args = [this, *self._parse_csv(self._parse_assignment)]
 797            convert = exp.Convert.from_arg_list(args)
 798            convert.set("safe", safe)
 799            convert.set("strict", strict)
 800            return convert
 801
 802        def _parse_column_def(
 803            self, this: t.Optional[exp.Expression], computed_column: bool = True
 804        ) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
 805            this = super()._parse_column_def(this=this, computed_column=computed_column)
 806            if not this:
 807                return None
 808            if self._match(TokenType.EQ):
 809                this.set("default", self._parse_disjunction())
 810            if self._match_texts(self.COLUMN_DEFINITION_MODES):
 811                this.set("output", self._prev.text)
 812            return this
 813
 814        def _parse_user_defined_function(
 815            self, kind: t.Optional[TokenType] = None
 816        ) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
 817            this = super()._parse_user_defined_function(kind=kind)
 818
 819            if (
 820                kind == TokenType.FUNCTION
 821                or isinstance(this, exp.UserDefinedFunction)
 822                or self._match(TokenType.ALIAS, advance=False)
 823            ):
 824                return this
 825
 826            if not self._match(TokenType.WITH, advance=False):
 827                expressions = self._parse_csv(self._parse_function_parameter)
 828            else:
 829                expressions = None
 830
 831            return self.expression(exp.UserDefinedFunction, this=this, expressions=expressions)
 832
 833        def _parse_into(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Into]:
 834            into = super()._parse_into()
 835
 836            table = isinstance(into, exp.Into) and into.find(exp.Table)
 837            if isinstance(table, exp.Table):
 838                table_identifier = table.this
 839                if table_identifier.args.get("temporary"):
 840                    # Promote the temporary property from the Identifier to the Into expression
 841                    t.cast(exp.Into, into).set("temporary", True)
 842
 843            return into
 844
 845        def _parse_id_var(
 846            self,
 847            any_token: bool = True,
 848            tokens: t.Optional[t.Collection[TokenType]] = None,
 849        ) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
 850            is_temporary = self._match(TokenType.HASH)
 851            is_global = is_temporary and self._match(TokenType.HASH)
 852
 853            this = super()._parse_id_var(any_token=any_token, tokens=tokens)
 854            if this:
 855                if is_global:
 856                    this.set("global", True)
 857                elif is_temporary:
 858                    this.set("temporary", True)
 859
 860            return this
 861
 862        def _parse_create(self) -> exp.Create | exp.Command:
 863            create = super()._parse_create()
 864
 865            if isinstance(create, exp.Create):
 866                table = create.this.this if isinstance(create.this, exp.Schema) else create.this
 867                if isinstance(table, exp.Table) and table.this and table.this.args.get("temporary"):
 868                    if not create.args.get("properties"):
 869                        create.set("properties", exp.Properties(expressions=[]))
 870
 871                    create.args["properties"].append("expressions", exp.TemporaryProperty())
 872
 873            return create
 874
 875        def _parse_if(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
 876            index = self._index
 877
 878            if self._match_text_seq("OBJECT_ID"):
 879                self._parse_wrapped_csv(self._parse_string)
 880                if self._match_text_seq("IS", "NOT", "NULL") and self._match(TokenType.DROP):
 881                    return self._parse_drop(exists=True)
 882                self._retreat(index)
 883
 884            return super()._parse_if()
 885
 886        def _parse_unique(self) -> exp.UniqueColumnConstraint:
 887            if self._match_texts(("CLUSTERED", "NONCLUSTERED")):
 888                this = self.CONSTRAINT_PARSERS[self._prev.text.upper()](self)
 889            else:
 890                this = self._parse_schema(self._parse_id_var(any_token=False))
 891
 892            return self.expression(exp.UniqueColumnConstraint, this=this)
 893
 894        def _parse_partition(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Partition]:
 895            if not self._match_text_seq("WITH", "(", "PARTITIONS"):
 896                return None
 897
 898            def parse_range():
 899                low = self._parse_bitwise()
 900                high = self._parse_bitwise() if self._match_text_seq("TO") else None
 901
 902                return (
 903                    self.expression(exp.PartitionRange, this=low, expression=high) if high else low
 904                )
 905
 906            partition = self.expression(
 907                exp.Partition, expressions=self._parse_wrapped_csv(parse_range)
 908            )
 909
 910            self._match_r_paren()
 911
 912            return partition
 913
 914        def _parse_declare(self) -> exp.Declare | exp.Command:
 915            index = self._index
 916            expressions = self._try_parse(partial(self._parse_csv, self._parse_declareitem))
 917
 918            if not expressions or self._curr:
 919                self._retreat(index)
 920                return self._parse_as_command(self._prev)
 921
 922            return self.expression(exp.Declare, expressions=expressions)
 923
 924        def _parse_declareitem(self) -> t.Optional[exp.DeclareItem]:
 925            var = self._parse_id_var()
 926            if not var:
 927                return None
 928
 929            value = None
 930            self._match(TokenType.ALIAS)
 931            if self._match(TokenType.TABLE):
 932                data_type = self._parse_schema()
 933            else:
 934                data_type = self._parse_types()
 935                if self._match(TokenType.EQ):
 936                    value = self._parse_bitwise()
 937
 938            return self.expression(exp.DeclareItem, this=var, kind=data_type, default=value)
 939
 940        def _parse_alter_table_alter(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
 941            expression = super()._parse_alter_table_alter()
 942
 943            if expression is not None:
 944                collation = expression.args.get("collate")
 945                if isinstance(collation, exp.Column) and isinstance(collation.this, exp.Identifier):
 946                    identifier = collation.this
 947                    collation.set("this", exp.Var(this=identifier.name))
 948
 949            return expression
 950
 951    class Generator(generator.Generator):
 952        LIMIT_IS_TOP = True
 953        QUERY_HINTS = False
 954        RETURNING_END = False
 955        NVL2_SUPPORTED = False
 956        ALTER_TABLE_INCLUDE_COLUMN_KEYWORD = False
 957        LIMIT_FETCH = "FETCH"
 958        COMPUTED_COLUMN_WITH_TYPE = False
 959        CTE_RECURSIVE_KEYWORD_REQUIRED = False
 960        ENSURE_BOOLS = True
 961        NULL_ORDERING_SUPPORTED = None
 962        SUPPORTS_SINGLE_ARG_CONCAT = False
 963        TABLESAMPLE_SEED_KEYWORD = "REPEATABLE"
 964        SUPPORTS_SELECT_INTO = True
 965        JSON_PATH_BRACKETED_KEY_SUPPORTED = False
 966        SUPPORTS_TO_NUMBER = False
 967        SET_OP_MODIFIERS = False
 968        COPY_PARAMS_EQ_REQUIRED = True
 969        PARSE_JSON_NAME = None
 970        EXCEPT_INTERSECT_SUPPORT_ALL_CLAUSE = False
 971        ALTER_SET_WRAPPED = True
 972        ALTER_SET_TYPE = ""
 973
 974        EXPRESSIONS_WITHOUT_NESTED_CTES = {
 975            exp.Create,
 976            exp.Delete,
 977            exp.Insert,
 978            exp.Intersect,
 979            exp.Except,
 980            exp.Merge,
 981            exp.Select,
 982            exp.Subquery,
 983            exp.Union,
 984            exp.Update,
 985        }
 986
 987        SUPPORTED_JSON_PATH_PARTS = {
 988            exp.JSONPathKey,
 989            exp.JSONPathRoot,
 990            exp.JSONPathSubscript,
 991        }
 992
 993        TYPE_MAPPING = {
 994            **generator.Generator.TYPE_MAPPING,
 995            exp.DataType.Type.BOOLEAN: "BIT",
 996            exp.DataType.Type.DATETIME2: "DATETIME2",
 997            exp.DataType.Type.DECIMAL: "NUMERIC",
 998            exp.DataType.Type.DOUBLE: "FLOAT",
 999            exp.DataType.Type.INT: "INTEGER",
1000            exp.DataType.Type.ROWVERSION: "ROWVERSION",
1001            exp.DataType.Type.TEXT: "VARCHAR(MAX)",
1002            exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP: "DATETIME2",
1003            exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPNTZ: "DATETIME2",
1004            exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPTZ: "DATETIMEOFFSET",
1005            exp.DataType.Type.SMALLDATETIME: "SMALLDATETIME",
1006            exp.DataType.Type.UTINYINT: "TINYINT",
1007            exp.DataType.Type.VARIANT: "SQL_VARIANT",
1008            exp.DataType.Type.UUID: "UNIQUEIDENTIFIER",
1009        }
1010
1011        TYPE_MAPPING.pop(exp.DataType.Type.NCHAR)
1012        TYPE_MAPPING.pop(exp.DataType.Type.NVARCHAR)
1013
1014        TRANSFORMS = {
1015            **generator.Generator.TRANSFORMS,
1016            exp.AnyValue: any_value_to_max_sql,
1017            exp.ArrayToString: rename_func("STRING_AGG"),
1018            exp.AutoIncrementColumnConstraint: lambda *_: "IDENTITY",
1019            exp.Chr: rename_func("CHAR"),
1020            exp.DateAdd: date_delta_sql("DATEADD"),
1021            exp.DateDiff: date_delta_sql("DATEDIFF"),
1022            exp.CTE: transforms.preprocess([qualify_derived_table_outputs]),
1023            exp.CurrentDate: rename_func("GETDATE"),
1024            exp.CurrentTimestamp: rename_func("GETDATE"),
1025            exp.CurrentTimestampLTZ: rename_func("SYSDATETIMEOFFSET"),
1026            exp.DateStrToDate: datestrtodate_sql,
1027            exp.Extract: rename_func("DATEPART"),
1028            exp.GeneratedAsIdentityColumnConstraint: generatedasidentitycolumnconstraint_sql,
1029            exp.GroupConcat: _string_agg_sql,
1030            exp.If: rename_func("IIF"),
1031            exp.JSONExtract: _json_extract_sql,
1032            exp.JSONExtractScalar: _json_extract_sql,
1033            exp.LastDay: lambda self, e: self.func("EOMONTH", e.this),
1034            exp.Ln: rename_func("LOG"),
1035            exp.Max: max_or_greatest,
1036            exp.MD5: lambda self, e: self.func("HASHBYTES", exp.Literal.string("MD5"), e.this),
1037            exp.Min: min_or_least,
1038            exp.NumberToStr: _format_sql,
1039            exp.Repeat: rename_func("REPLICATE"),
1040            exp.CurrentSchema: rename_func("SCHEMA_NAME"),
1041            exp.Select: transforms.preprocess(
1042                [
1043                    transforms.eliminate_distinct_on,
1044                    transforms.eliminate_semi_and_anti_joins,
1045                    transforms.eliminate_qualify,
1046                    transforms.unnest_generate_date_array_using_recursive_cte,
1047                ]
1048            ),
1049            exp.Stddev: rename_func("STDEV"),
1050            exp.StrPosition: lambda self, e: strposition_sql(
1051                self, e, func_name="CHARINDEX", supports_position=True
1052            ),
1053            exp.Subquery: transforms.preprocess([qualify_derived_table_outputs]),
1054            exp.SHA: lambda self, e: self.func("HASHBYTES", exp.Literal.string("SHA1"), e.this),
1055            exp.SHA2: lambda self, e: self.func(
1056                "HASHBYTES", exp.Literal.string(f"SHA2_{e.args.get('length', 256)}"), e.this
1057            ),
1058            exp.TemporaryProperty: lambda self, e: "",
1059            exp.TimeStrToTime: _timestrtotime_sql,
1060            exp.TimeToStr: _format_sql,
1061            exp.Trim: trim_sql,
1062            exp.TsOrDsAdd: date_delta_sql("DATEADD", cast=True),
1063            exp.TsOrDsDiff: date_delta_sql("DATEDIFF"),
1064            exp.TimestampTrunc: lambda self, e: self.func("DATETRUNC", e.unit, e.this),
1065            exp.Uuid: lambda *_: "NEWID()",
1066            exp.DateFromParts: rename_func("DATEFROMPARTS"),
1067        }
1068
1069        TRANSFORMS.pop(exp.ReturnsProperty)
1070
1071        PROPERTIES_LOCATION = {
1072            **generator.Generator.PROPERTIES_LOCATION,
1073            exp.VolatileProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED,
1074        }
1075
1076        def scope_resolution(self, rhs: str, scope_name: str) -> str:
1077            return f"{scope_name}::{rhs}"
1078
1079        def select_sql(self, expression: exp.Select) -> str:
1080            limit = expression.args.get("limit")
1081            offset = expression.args.get("offset")
1082
1083            if isinstance(limit, exp.Fetch) and not offset:
1084                # Dialects like Oracle can FETCH directly from a row set but
1085                # T-SQL requires an ORDER BY + OFFSET clause in order to FETCH
1086                offset = exp.Offset(expression=exp.Literal.number(0))
1087                expression.set("offset", offset)
1088
1089            if offset:
1090                if not expression.args.get("order"):
1091                    # ORDER BY is required in order to use OFFSET in a query, so we use
1092                    # a noop order by, since we don't really care about the order.
1093                    # See: https://www.microsoftpressstore.com/articles/article.aspx?p=2314819
1094                    expression.order_by(exp.select(exp.null()).subquery(), copy=False)
1095
1096                if isinstance(limit, exp.Limit):
1097                    # TOP and OFFSET can't be combined, we need use FETCH instead of TOP
1098                    # we replace here because otherwise TOP would be generated in select_sql
1099                    limit.replace(exp.Fetch(direction="FIRST", count=limit.expression))
1100
1101            return super().select_sql(expression)
1102
1103        def convert_sql(self, expression: exp.Convert) -> str:
1104            name = "TRY_CONVERT" if expression.args.get("safe") else "CONVERT"
1105            return self.func(
1106                name, expression.this, expression.expression, expression.args.get("style")
1107            )
1108
1109        def queryoption_sql(self, expression: exp.QueryOption) -> str:
1110            option = self.sql(expression, "this")
1111            value = self.sql(expression, "expression")
1112            if value:
1113                optional_equal_sign = "= " if option in OPTIONS_THAT_REQUIRE_EQUAL else ""
1114                return f"{option} {optional_equal_sign}{value}"
1115            return option
1116
1117        def lateral_op(self, expression: exp.Lateral) -> str:
1118            cross_apply = expression.args.get("cross_apply")
1119            if cross_apply is True:
1120                return "CROSS APPLY"
1121            if cross_apply is False:
1122                return "OUTER APPLY"
1123
1124            # TODO: perhaps we can check if the parent is a Join and transpile it appropriately
1125            self.unsupported("LATERAL clause is not supported.")
1126            return "LATERAL"
1127
1128        def splitpart_sql(self: TSQL.Generator, expression: exp.SplitPart) -> str:
1129            this = expression.this
1130            split_count = len(this.name.split("."))
1131            delimiter = expression.args.get("delimiter")
1132            part_index = expression.args.get("part_index")
1133
1134            if (
1135                not all(isinstance(arg, exp.Literal) for arg in (this, delimiter, part_index))
1136                or (delimiter and delimiter.name != ".")
1137                or not part_index
1138                or split_count > 4
1139            ):
1140                self.unsupported(
1141                    "SPLIT_PART can be transpiled to PARSENAME only for '.' delimiter and literal values"
1142                )
1143                return ""
1144
1145            return self.func(
1146                "PARSENAME", this, exp.Literal.number(split_count + 1 - part_index.to_py())
1147            )
1148
1149        def timefromparts_sql(self, expression: exp.TimeFromParts) -> str:
1150            nano = expression.args.get("nano")
1151            if nano is not None:
1152                nano.pop()
1153                self.unsupported("Specifying nanoseconds is not supported in TIMEFROMPARTS.")
1154
1155            if expression.args.get("fractions") is None:
1156                expression.set("fractions", exp.Literal.number(0))
1157            if expression.args.get("precision") is None:
1158                expression.set("precision", exp.Literal.number(0))
1159
1160            return rename_func("TIMEFROMPARTS")(self, expression)
1161
1162        def timestampfromparts_sql(self, expression: exp.TimestampFromParts) -> str:
1163            zone = expression.args.get("zone")
1164            if zone is not None:
1165                zone.pop()
1166                self.unsupported("Time zone is not supported in DATETIMEFROMPARTS.")
1167
1168            nano = expression.args.get("nano")
1169            if nano is not None:
1170                nano.pop()
1171                self.unsupported("Specifying nanoseconds is not supported in DATETIMEFROMPARTS.")
1172
1173            if expression.args.get("milli") is None:
1174                expression.set("milli", exp.Literal.number(0))
1175
1176            return rename_func("DATETIMEFROMPARTS")(self, expression)
1177
1178        def setitem_sql(self, expression: exp.SetItem) -> str:
1179            this = expression.this
1180            if isinstance(this, exp.EQ) and not isinstance(this.left, exp.Parameter):
1181                # T-SQL does not use '=' in SET command, except when the LHS is a variable.
1182                return f"{self.sql(this.left)} {self.sql(this.right)}"
1183
1184            return super().setitem_sql(expression)
1185
1186        def boolean_sql(self, expression: exp.Boolean) -> str:
1187            if type(expression.parent) in BIT_TYPES or isinstance(
1188                expression.find_ancestor(exp.Values, exp.Select), exp.Values
1189            ):
1190                return "1" if expression.this else "0"
1191
1192            return "(1 = 1)" if expression.this else "(1 = 0)"
1193
1194        def is_sql(self, expression: exp.Is) -> str:
1195            if isinstance(expression.expression, exp.Boolean):
1196                return self.binary(expression, "=")
1197            return self.binary(expression, "IS")
1198
1199        def createable_sql(self, expression: exp.Create, locations: t.DefaultDict) -> str:
1200            sql = self.sql(expression, "this")
1201            properties = expression.args.get("properties")
1202
1203            if sql[:1] != "#" and any(
1204                isinstance(prop, exp.TemporaryProperty)
1205                for prop in (properties.expressions if properties else [])
1206            ):
1207                sql = f"[#{sql[1:]}" if sql.startswith("[") else f"#{sql}"
1208
1209            return sql
1210
1211        def create_sql(self, expression: exp.Create) -> str:
1212            kind = expression.kind
1213            exists = expression.args.pop("exists", None)
1214
1215            like_property = expression.find(exp.LikeProperty)
1216            if like_property:
1217                ctas_expression = like_property.this
1218            else:
1219                ctas_expression = expression.expression
1220
1221            if kind == "VIEW":
1222                expression.this.set("catalog", None)
1223                with_ = expression.args.get("with")
1224                if ctas_expression and with_:
1225                    # We've already preprocessed the Create expression to bubble up any nested CTEs,
1226                    # but CREATE VIEW actually requires the WITH clause to come after it so we need
1227                    # to amend the AST by moving the CTEs to the CREATE VIEW statement's query.
1228                    ctas_expression.set("with", with_.pop())
1229
1230            table = expression.find(exp.Table)
1231
1232            # Convert CTAS statement to SELECT .. INTO ..
1233            if kind == "TABLE" and ctas_expression:
1234                if isinstance(ctas_expression, exp.UNWRAPPED_QUERIES):
1235                    ctas_expression = ctas_expression.subquery()
1236
1237                properties = expression.args.get("properties") or exp.Properties()
1238                is_temp = any(isinstance(p, exp.TemporaryProperty) for p in properties.expressions)
1239
1240                select_into = exp.select("*").from_(exp.alias_(ctas_expression, "temp", table=True))
1241                select_into.set("into", exp.Into(this=table, temporary=is_temp))
1242
1243                if like_property:
1244                    select_into.limit(0, copy=False)
1245
1246                sql = self.sql(select_into)
1247            else:
1248                sql = super().create_sql(expression)
1249
1250            if exists:
1251                identifier = self.sql(exp.Literal.string(exp.table_name(table) if table else ""))
1252                sql_with_ctes = self.prepend_ctes(expression, sql)
1253                sql_literal = self.sql(exp.Literal.string(sql_with_ctes))
1254                if kind == "SCHEMA":
1255                    return f"""IF NOT EXISTS (SELECT * FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.SCHEMATA WHERE SCHEMA_NAME = {identifier}) EXEC({sql_literal})"""
1256                elif kind == "TABLE":
1257                    assert table
1258                    where = exp.and_(
1259                        exp.column("TABLE_NAME").eq(table.name),
1260                        exp.column("TABLE_SCHEMA").eq(table.db) if table.db else None,
1261                        exp.column("TABLE_CATALOG").eq(table.catalog) if table.catalog else None,
1262                    )
1263                    return f"""IF NOT EXISTS (SELECT * FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES WHERE {where}) EXEC({sql_literal})"""
1264                elif kind == "INDEX":
1265                    index = self.sql(exp.Literal.string(expression.this.text("this")))
1266                    return f"""IF NOT EXISTS (SELECT * FROM sys.indexes WHERE object_id = object_id({identifier}) AND name = {index}) EXEC({sql_literal})"""
1267            elif expression.args.get("replace"):
1268                sql = sql.replace("CREATE OR REPLACE ", "CREATE OR ALTER ", 1)
1269
1270            return self.prepend_ctes(expression, sql)
1271
1272        @generator.unsupported_args("unlogged", "expressions")
1273        def into_sql(self, expression: exp.Into) -> str:
1274            if expression.args.get("temporary"):
1275                # If the Into expression has a temporary property, push this down to the Identifier
1276                table = expression.find(exp.Table)
1277                if table and isinstance(table.this, exp.Identifier):
1278                    table.this.set("temporary", True)
1279
1280            return f"{self.seg('INTO')} {self.sql(expression, 'this')}"
1281
1282        def count_sql(self, expression: exp.Count) -> str:
1283            func_name = "COUNT_BIG" if expression.args.get("big_int") else "COUNT"
1284            return rename_func(func_name)(self, expression)
1285
1286        def offset_sql(self, expression: exp.Offset) -> str:
1287            return f"{super().offset_sql(expression)} ROWS"
1288
1289        def version_sql(self, expression: exp.Version) -> str:
1290            name = "SYSTEM_TIME" if expression.name == "TIMESTAMP" else expression.name
1291            this = f"FOR {name}"
1292            expr = expression.expression
1293            kind = expression.text("kind")
1294            if kind in ("FROM", "BETWEEN"):
1295                args = expr.expressions
1296                sep = "TO" if kind == "FROM" else "AND"
1297                expr_sql = f"{self.sql(seq_get(args, 0))} {sep} {self.sql(seq_get(args, 1))}"
1298            else:
1299                expr_sql = self.sql(expr)
1300
1301            expr_sql = f" {expr_sql}" if expr_sql else ""
1302            return f"{this} {kind}{expr_sql}"
1303
1304        def returnsproperty_sql(self, expression: exp.ReturnsProperty) -> str:
1305            table = expression.args.get("table")
1306            table = f"{table} " if table else ""
1307            return f"RETURNS {table}{self.sql(expression, 'this')}"
1308
1309        def returning_sql(self, expression: exp.Returning) -> str:
1310            into = self.sql(expression, "into")
1311            into = self.seg(f"INTO {into}") if into else ""
1312            return f"{self.seg('OUTPUT')} {self.expressions(expression, flat=True)}{into}"
1313
1314        def transaction_sql(self, expression: exp.Transaction) -> str:
1315            this = self.sql(expression, "this")
1316            this = f" {this}" if this else ""
1317            mark = self.sql(expression, "mark")
1318            mark = f" WITH MARK {mark}" if mark else ""
1319            return f"BEGIN TRANSACTION{this}{mark}"
1320
1321        def commit_sql(self, expression: exp.Commit) -> str:
1322            this = self.sql(expression, "this")
1323            this = f" {this}" if this else ""
1324            durability = expression.args.get("durability")
1325            durability = (
1326                f" WITH (DELAYED_DURABILITY = {'ON' if durability else 'OFF'})"
1327                if durability is not None
1328                else ""
1329            )
1330            return f"COMMIT TRANSACTION{this}{durability}"
1331
1332        def rollback_sql(self, expression: exp.Rollback) -> str:
1333            this = self.sql(expression, "this")
1334            this = f" {this}" if this else ""
1335            return f"ROLLBACK TRANSACTION{this}"
1336
1337        def identifier_sql(self, expression: exp.Identifier) -> str:
1338            identifier = super().identifier_sql(expression)
1339
1340            if expression.args.get("global"):
1341                identifier = f"##{identifier}"
1342            elif expression.args.get("temporary"):
1343                identifier = f"#{identifier}"
1344
1345            return identifier
1346
1347        def constraint_sql(self, expression: exp.Constraint) -> str:
1348            this = self.sql(expression, "this")
1349            expressions = self.expressions(expression, flat=True, sep=" ")
1350            return f"CONSTRAINT {this} {expressions}"
1351
1352        def length_sql(self, expression: exp.Length) -> str:
1353            return self._uncast_text(expression, "LEN")
1354
1355        def right_sql(self, expression: exp.Right) -> str:
1356            return self._uncast_text(expression, "RIGHT")
1357
1358        def left_sql(self, expression: exp.Left) -> str:
1359            return self._uncast_text(expression, "LEFT")
1360
1361        def _uncast_text(self, expression: exp.Expression, name: str) -> str:
1362            this = expression.this
1363            if isinstance(this, exp.Cast) and this.is_type(exp.DataType.Type.TEXT):
1364                this_sql = self.sql(this, "this")
1365            else:
1366                this_sql = self.sql(this)
1367            expression_sql = self.sql(expression, "expression")
1368            return self.func(name, this_sql, expression_sql if expression_sql else None)
1369
1370        def partition_sql(self, expression: exp.Partition) -> str:
1371            return f"WITH (PARTITIONS({self.expressions(expression, flat=True)}))"
1372
1373        def alter_sql(self, expression: exp.Alter) -> str:
1374            action = seq_get(expression.args.get("actions") or [], 0)
1375            if isinstance(action, exp.AlterRename):
1376                return f"EXEC sp_rename '{self.sql(expression.this)}', '{action.this.name}'"
1377            return super().alter_sql(expression)
1378
1379        def drop_sql(self, expression: exp.Drop) -> str:
1380            if expression.args["kind"] == "VIEW":
1381                expression.this.set("catalog", None)
1382            return super().drop_sql(expression)
1383
1384        def options_modifier(self, expression: exp.Expression) -> str:
1385            options = self.expressions(expression, key="options")
1386            return f" OPTION{self.wrap(options)}" if options else ""
1387
1388        def dpipe_sql(self, expression: exp.DPipe) -> str:
1389            return self.sql(
1390                reduce(lambda x, y: exp.Add(this=x, expression=y), expression.flatten())
1391            )
1392
1393        def isascii_sql(self, expression: exp.IsAscii) -> str:
1394            return f"(PATINDEX(CONVERT(VARCHAR(MAX), 0x255b5e002d7f5d25) COLLATE Latin1_General_BIN, {self.sql(expression.this)}) = 0)"
1395
1396        def columndef_sql(self, expression: exp.ColumnDef, sep: str = " ") -> str:
1397            this = super().columndef_sql(expression, sep)
1398            default = self.sql(expression, "default")
1399            default = f" = {default}" if default else ""
1400            output = self.sql(expression, "output")
1401            output = f" {output}" if output else ""
1402            return f"{this}{default}{output}"
1403
1404        def coalesce_sql(self, expression: exp.Coalesce) -> str:
1405            func_name = "ISNULL" if expression.args.get("is_null") else "COALESCE"
1406            return rename_func(func_name)(self, expression)
SUPPORTS_SEMI_ANTI_JOIN = False

Whether SEMI or ANTI joins are supported.

LOG_BASE_FIRST: Optional[bool] = False

Whether the base comes first in the LOG function. Possible values: True, False, None (two arguments are not supported by LOG)

TYPED_DIVISION = True

Whether the behavior of a / b depends on the types of a and b. False means a / b is always float division. True means a / b is integer division if both a and b are integers.

CONCAT_COALESCE = True

A NULL arg in CONCAT yields NULL by default, but in some dialects it yields an empty string.

NORMALIZATION_STRATEGY = <NormalizationStrategy.CASE_INSENSITIVE: 'CASE_INSENSITIVE'>

Specifies the strategy according to which identifiers should be normalized.

ALTER_TABLE_ADD_REQUIRED_FOR_EACH_COLUMN = False
TIME_FORMAT = "'yyyy-mm-dd hh:mm:ss'"
TIME_MAPPING: Dict[str, str] = {'year': '%Y', 'dayofyear': '%j', 'day': '%d', 'dy': '%d', 'y': '%Y', 'week': '%W', 'ww': '%W', 'wk': '%W', 'hour': '%h', 'hh': '%I', 'minute': '%M', 'mi': '%M', 'n': '%M', 'second': '%S', 'ss': '%S', 's': '%-S', 'millisecond': '%f', 'ms': '%f', 'weekday': '%w', 'dw': '%w', 'month': '%m', 'mm': '%M', 'm': '%-M', 'Y': '%Y', 'YYYY': '%Y', 'YY': '%y', 'MMMM': '%B', 'MMM': '%b', 'MM': '%m', 'M': '%-m', 'dddd': '%A', 'dd': '%d', 'd': '%-d', 'HH': '%H', 'H': '%-H', 'h': '%-I', 'ffffff': '%f', 'yyyy': '%Y', 'yy': '%y'}

Associates this dialect's time formats with their equivalent Python strftime formats.

CONVERT_FORMAT_MAPPING = {'0': '%b %d %Y %-I:%M%p', '1': '%m/%d/%y', '2': '%y.%m.%d', '3': '%d/%m/%y', '4': '%d.%m.%y', '5': '%d-%m-%y', '6': '%d %b %y', '7': '%b %d, %y', '8': '%H:%M:%S', '9': '%b %d %Y %-I:%M:%S:%f%p', '10': 'mm-dd-yy', '11': 'yy/mm/dd', '12': 'yymmdd', '13': '%d %b %Y %H:%M:ss:%f', '14': '%H:%M:%S:%f', '20': '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S', '21': '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S.%f', '22': '%m/%d/%y %-I:%M:%S %p', '23': '%Y-%m-%d', '24': '%H:%M:%S', '25': '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S.%f', '100': '%b %d %Y %-I:%M%p', '101': '%m/%d/%Y', '102': '%Y.%m.%d', '103': '%d/%m/%Y', '104': '%d.%m.%Y', '105': '%d-%m-%Y', '106': '%d %b %Y', '107': '%b %d, %Y', '108': '%H:%M:%S', '109': '%b %d %Y %-I:%M:%S:%f%p', '110': '%m-%d-%Y', '111': '%Y/%m/%d', '112': '%Y%m%d', '113': '%d %b %Y %H:%M:%S:%f', '114': '%H:%M:%S:%f', '120': '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S', '121': '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S.%f', '126': '%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S.%f'}
FORMAT_TIME_MAPPING = {'y': '%B %Y', 'd': '%m/%d/%Y', 'H': '%-H', 'h': '%-I', 's': '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S', 'D': '%A,%B,%Y', 'f': '%A,%B,%Y %-I:%M %p', 'F': '%A,%B,%Y %-I:%M:%S %p', 'g': '%m/%d/%Y %-I:%M %p', 'G': '%m/%d/%Y %-I:%M:%S %p', 'M': '%B %-d', 'm': '%B %-d', 'O': '%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S', 'u': '%Y-%M-%D %H:%M:%S%z', 'U': '%A, %B %D, %Y %H:%M:%S%z', 'T': '%-I:%M:%S %p', 't': '%-I:%M', 'Y': '%a %Y'}
SUPPORTS_COLUMN_JOIN_MARKS = False

Whether the old-style outer join (+) syntax is supported.

tokenizer_class = <class 'TSQL.Tokenizer'>
jsonpath_tokenizer_class = <class 'sqlglot.tokens.JSONPathTokenizer'>
parser_class = <class 'TSQL.Parser'>
generator_class = <class 'TSQL.Generator'>
TIME_TRIE: Dict = {'y': {'e': {'a': {'r': {0: True}}}, 0: True, 'y': {'y': {'y': {0: True}}, 0: True}}, 'd': {'a': {'y': {'o': {'f': {'y': {'e': {'a': {'r': {0: True}}}}}}, 0: True}}, 'y': {0: True}, 'w': {0: True}, 'd': {'d': {'d': {0: True}}, 0: True}, 0: True}, 'w': {'e': {'e': {'k': {0: True, 'd': {'a': {'y': {0: True}}}}}}, 'w': {0: True}, 'k': {0: True}}, 'h': {'o': {'u': {'r': {0: True}}}, 'h': {0: True}, 0: True}, 'm': {'i': {'n': {'u': {'t': {'e': {0: True}}}}, 0: True, 'l': {'l': {'i': {'s': {'e': {'c': {'o': {'n': {'d': {0: True}}}}}}}}}}, 's': {0: True}, 'o': {'n': {'t': {'h': {0: True}}}}, 'm': {0: True}, 0: True}, 'n': {0: True}, 's': {'e': {'c': {'o': {'n': {'d': {0: True}}}}}, 's': {0: True}, 0: True}, 'Y': {0: True, 'Y': {'Y': {'Y': {0: True}}, 0: True}}, 'M': {'M': {'M': {'M': {0: True}, 0: True}, 0: True}, 0: True}, 'H': {'H': {0: True}, 0: True}, 'f': {'f': {'f': {'f': {'f': {'f': {0: True}}}}}}}
FORMAT_TRIE: Dict = {'y': {'e': {'a': {'r': {0: True}}}, 0: True, 'y': {'y': {'y': {0: True}}, 0: True}}, 'd': {'a': {'y': {'o': {'f': {'y': {'e': {'a': {'r': {0: True}}}}}}, 0: True}}, 'y': {0: True}, 'w': {0: True}, 'd': {'d': {'d': {0: True}}, 0: True}, 0: True}, 'w': {'e': {'e': {'k': {0: True, 'd': {'a': {'y': {0: True}}}}}}, 'w': {0: True}, 'k': {0: True}}, 'h': {'o': {'u': {'r': {0: True}}}, 'h': {0: True}, 0: True}, 'm': {'i': {'n': {'u': {'t': {'e': {0: True}}}}, 0: True, 'l': {'l': {'i': {'s': {'e': {'c': {'o': {'n': {'d': {0: True}}}}}}}}}}, 's': {0: True}, 'o': {'n': {'t': {'h': {0: True}}}}, 'm': {0: True}, 0: True}, 'n': {0: True}, 's': {'e': {'c': {'o': {'n': {'d': {0: True}}}}}, 's': {0: True}, 0: True}, 'Y': {0: True, 'Y': {'Y': {'Y': {0: True}}, 0: True}}, 'M': {'M': {'M': {'M': {0: True}, 0: True}, 0: True}, 0: True}, 'H': {'H': {0: True}, 0: True}, 'f': {'f': {'f': {'f': {'f': {'f': {0: True}}}}}}}
INVERSE_TIME_MAPPING: Dict[str, str] = {'%Y': 'yyyy', '%j': 'dayofyear', '%d': 'dd', '%W': 'wk', '%h': 'hour', '%I': 'hh', '%M': 'mm', '%S': 'ss', '%-S': 's', '%f': 'ffffff', '%w': 'dw', '%m': 'MM', '%-M': 'm', '%y': 'yy', '%B': 'MMMM', '%b': 'MMM', '%-m': 'M', '%A': 'dddd', '%-d': 'd', '%H': 'HH', '%-H': 'H', '%-I': 'h'}
INVERSE_TIME_TRIE: Dict = {'%': {'Y': {0: True}, 'j': {0: True}, 'd': {0: True}, 'W': {0: True}, 'h': {0: True}, 'I': {0: True}, 'M': {0: True}, 'S': {0: True}, '-': {'S': {0: True}, 'M': {0: True}, 'm': {0: True}, 'd': {0: True}, 'H': {0: True}, 'I': {0: True}}, 'f': {0: True}, 'w': {0: True}, 'm': {0: True}, 'y': {0: True}, 'B': {0: True}, 'b': {0: True}, 'A': {0: True}, 'H': {0: True}}}
INVERSE_FORMAT_MAPPING: Dict[str, str] = {}
INVERSE_FORMAT_TRIE: Dict = {}
INVERSE_CREATABLE_KIND_MAPPING: dict[str, str] = {}
ESCAPED_SEQUENCES: Dict[str, str] = {}
QUOTE_START = "'"
QUOTE_END = "'"
IDENTIFIER_START = '['
IDENTIFIER_END = ']'
BIT_START: Optional[str] = None
BIT_END: Optional[str] = None
HEX_START: Optional[str] = '0x'
HEX_END: Optional[str] = ''
BYTE_START: Optional[str] = None
BYTE_END: Optional[str] = None
UNICODE_START: Optional[str] = None
UNICODE_END: Optional[str] = None
class TSQL.Tokenizer(sqlglot.tokens.Tokenizer):
521    class Tokenizer(tokens.Tokenizer):
522        IDENTIFIERS = [("[", "]"), '"']
523        QUOTES = ["'", '"']
524        HEX_STRINGS = [("0x", ""), ("0X", "")]
525        VAR_SINGLE_TOKENS = {"@", "$", "#"}
526
527        KEYWORDS = {
528            **tokens.Tokenizer.KEYWORDS,
529            "CLUSTERED INDEX": TokenType.INDEX,
530            "DATETIME2": TokenType.DATETIME2,
531            "DATETIMEOFFSET": TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ,
532            "DECLARE": TokenType.DECLARE,
533            "EXEC": TokenType.COMMAND,
534            "FOR SYSTEM_TIME": TokenType.TIMESTAMP_SNAPSHOT,
535            "GO": TokenType.COMMAND,
536            "IMAGE": TokenType.IMAGE,
537            "MONEY": TokenType.MONEY,
538            "NONCLUSTERED INDEX": TokenType.INDEX,
539            "NTEXT": TokenType.TEXT,
540            "OPTION": TokenType.OPTION,
541            "OUTPUT": TokenType.RETURNING,
542            "PRINT": TokenType.COMMAND,
543            "PROC": TokenType.PROCEDURE,
544            "REAL": TokenType.FLOAT,
545            "ROWVERSION": TokenType.ROWVERSION,
546            "SMALLDATETIME": TokenType.SMALLDATETIME,
547            "SMALLMONEY": TokenType.SMALLMONEY,
548            "SQL_VARIANT": TokenType.VARIANT,
549            "SYSTEM_USER": TokenType.CURRENT_USER,
550            "TOP": TokenType.TOP,
551            "TIMESTAMP": TokenType.ROWVERSION,
552            "TINYINT": TokenType.UTINYINT,
553            "UNIQUEIDENTIFIER": TokenType.UUID,
554            "UPDATE STATISTICS": TokenType.COMMAND,
555            "XML": TokenType.XML,
556        }
557        KEYWORDS.pop("/*+")
558
559        COMMANDS = {*tokens.Tokenizer.COMMANDS, TokenType.END}
IDENTIFIERS = [('[', ']'), '"']
QUOTES = ["'", '"']
HEX_STRINGS = [('0x', ''), ('0X', '')]
VAR_SINGLE_TOKENS = {'#', '$', '@'}
KEYWORDS = {'{%': <TokenType.BLOCK_START: 'BLOCK_START'>, '{%+': <TokenType.BLOCK_START: 'BLOCK_START'>, '{%-': <TokenType.BLOCK_START: 'BLOCK_START'>, '%}': <TokenType.BLOCK_END: 'BLOCK_END'>, '+%}': <TokenType.BLOCK_END: 'BLOCK_END'>, '-%}': <TokenType.BLOCK_END: 'BLOCK_END'>, '{{+': <TokenType.BLOCK_START: 'BLOCK_START'>, '{{-': <TokenType.BLOCK_START: 'BLOCK_START'>, '+}}': <TokenType.BLOCK_END: 'BLOCK_END'>, '-}}': <TokenType.BLOCK_END: 'BLOCK_END'>, '==': <TokenType.EQ: 'EQ'>, '::': <TokenType.DCOLON: 'DCOLON'>, '||': <TokenType.DPIPE: 'DPIPE'>, '|>': <TokenType.PIPE_GT: 'PIPE_GT'>, '>=': <TokenType.GTE: 'GTE'>, '<=': <TokenType.LTE: 'LTE'>, '<>': <TokenType.NEQ: 'NEQ'>, '!=': <TokenType.NEQ: 'NEQ'>, ':=': <TokenType.COLON_EQ: 'COLON_EQ'>, '<=>': <TokenType.NULLSAFE_EQ: 'NULLSAFE_EQ'>, '->': <TokenType.ARROW: 'ARROW'>, '->>': <TokenType.DARROW: 'DARROW'>, '=>': <TokenType.FARROW: 'FARROW'>, '#>': <TokenType.HASH_ARROW: 'HASH_ARROW'>, '#>>': <TokenType.DHASH_ARROW: 'DHASH_ARROW'>, '<->': <TokenType.LR_ARROW: 'LR_ARROW'>, '&&': <TokenType.DAMP: 'DAMP'>, '??': <TokenType.DQMARK: 'DQMARK'>, '~~~': <TokenType.GLOB: 'GLOB'>, '~~': <TokenType.LIKE: 'LIKE'>, '~~*': <TokenType.ILIKE: 'ILIKE'>, '~*': <TokenType.IRLIKE: 'IRLIKE'>, 'ALL': <TokenType.ALL: 'ALL'>, 'ALWAYS': <TokenType.ALWAYS: 'ALWAYS'>, 'AND': <TokenType.AND: 'AND'>, 'ANTI': <TokenType.ANTI: 'ANTI'>, 'ANY': <TokenType.ANY: 'ANY'>, 'ASC': <TokenType.ASC: 'ASC'>, 'AS': <TokenType.ALIAS: 'ALIAS'>, 'ASOF': <TokenType.ASOF: 'ASOF'>, 'AUTOINCREMENT': <TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT: 'AUTO_INCREMENT'>, 'AUTO_INCREMENT': <TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT: 'AUTO_INCREMENT'>, 'BEGIN': <TokenType.BEGIN: 'BEGIN'>, 'BETWEEN': <TokenType.BETWEEN: 'BETWEEN'>, 'CACHE': <TokenType.CACHE: 'CACHE'>, 'UNCACHE': <TokenType.UNCACHE: 'UNCACHE'>, 'CASE': <TokenType.CASE: 'CASE'>, 'CHARACTER SET': <TokenType.CHARACTER_SET: 'CHARACTER_SET'>, 'CLUSTER BY': <TokenType.CLUSTER_BY: 'CLUSTER_BY'>, 'COLLATE': <TokenType.COLLATE: 'COLLATE'>, 'COLUMN': <TokenType.COLUMN: 'COLUMN'>, 'COMMIT': <TokenType.COMMIT: 'COMMIT'>, 'CONNECT BY': <TokenType.CONNECT_BY: 'CONNECT_BY'>, 'CONSTRAINT': <TokenType.CONSTRAINT: 'CONSTRAINT'>, 'COPY': <TokenType.COPY: 'COPY'>, 'CREATE': <TokenType.CREATE: 'CREATE'>, 'CROSS': <TokenType.CROSS: 'CROSS'>, 'CUBE': <TokenType.CUBE: 'CUBE'>, 'CURRENT_DATE': <TokenType.CURRENT_DATE: 'CURRENT_DATE'>, 'CURRENT_SCHEMA': <TokenType.CURRENT_SCHEMA: 'CURRENT_SCHEMA'>, 'CURRENT_TIME': <TokenType.CURRENT_TIME: 'CURRENT_TIME'>, 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP': <TokenType.CURRENT_TIMESTAMP: 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'>, 'CURRENT_USER': <TokenType.CURRENT_USER: 'CURRENT_USER'>, 'DATABASE': <TokenType.DATABASE: 'DATABASE'>, 'DEFAULT': <TokenType.DEFAULT: 'DEFAULT'>, 'DELETE': <TokenType.DELETE: 'DELETE'>, 'DESC': <TokenType.DESC: 'DESC'>, 'DESCRIBE': <TokenType.DESCRIBE: 'DESCRIBE'>, 'DISTINCT': <TokenType.DISTINCT: 'DISTINCT'>, 'DISTRIBUTE BY': <TokenType.DISTRIBUTE_BY: 'DISTRIBUTE_BY'>, 'DIV': <TokenType.DIV: 'DIV'>, 'DROP': <TokenType.DROP: 'DROP'>, 'ELSE': <TokenType.ELSE: 'ELSE'>, 'END': <TokenType.END: 'END'>, 'ENUM': <TokenType.ENUM: 'ENUM'>, 'ESCAPE': <TokenType.ESCAPE: 'ESCAPE'>, 'EXCEPT': <TokenType.EXCEPT: 'EXCEPT'>, 'EXECUTE': <TokenType.EXECUTE: 'EXECUTE'>, 'EXISTS': <TokenType.EXISTS: 'EXISTS'>, 'FALSE': <TokenType.FALSE: 'FALSE'>, 'FETCH': <TokenType.FETCH: 'FETCH'>, 'FILTER': <TokenType.FILTER: 'FILTER'>, 'FIRST': <TokenType.FIRST: 'FIRST'>, 'FULL': <TokenType.FULL: 'FULL'>, 'FUNCTION': <TokenType.FUNCTION: 'FUNCTION'>, 'FOR': <TokenType.FOR: 'FOR'>, 'FOREIGN KEY': <TokenType.FOREIGN_KEY: 'FOREIGN_KEY'>, 'FORMAT': <TokenType.FORMAT: 'FORMAT'>, 'FROM': <TokenType.FROM: 'FROM'>, 'GEOGRAPHY': <TokenType.GEOGRAPHY: 'GEOGRAPHY'>, 'GEOMETRY': <TokenType.GEOMETRY: 'GEOMETRY'>, 'GLOB': <TokenType.GLOB: 'GLOB'>, 'GROUP BY': <TokenType.GROUP_BY: 'GROUP_BY'>, 'GROUPING SETS': <TokenType.GROUPING_SETS: 'GROUPING_SETS'>, 'HAVING': <TokenType.HAVING: 'HAVING'>, 'ILIKE': <TokenType.ILIKE: 'ILIKE'>, 'IN': <TokenType.IN: 'IN'>, 'INDEX': <TokenType.INDEX: 'INDEX'>, 'INET': <TokenType.INET: 'INET'>, 'INNER': <TokenType.INNER: 'INNER'>, 'INSERT': <TokenType.INSERT: 'INSERT'>, 'INTERVAL': <TokenType.INTERVAL: 'INTERVAL'>, 'INTERSECT': <TokenType.INTERSECT: 'INTERSECT'>, 'INTO': <TokenType.INTO: 'INTO'>, 'IS': <TokenType.IS: 'IS'>, 'ISNULL': <TokenType.ISNULL: 'ISNULL'>, 'JOIN': <TokenType.JOIN: 'JOIN'>, 'KEEP': <TokenType.KEEP: 'KEEP'>, 'KILL': <TokenType.KILL: 'KILL'>, 'LATERAL': <TokenType.LATERAL: 'LATERAL'>, 'LEFT': <TokenType.LEFT: 'LEFT'>, 'LIKE': <TokenType.LIKE: 'LIKE'>, 'LIMIT': <TokenType.LIMIT: 'LIMIT'>, 'LOAD': <TokenType.LOAD: 'LOAD'>, 'LOCK': <TokenType.LOCK: 'LOCK'>, 'MERGE': <TokenType.MERGE: 'MERGE'>, 'NAMESPACE': <TokenType.NAMESPACE: 'NAMESPACE'>, 'NATURAL': <TokenType.NATURAL: 'NATURAL'>, 'NEXT': <TokenType.NEXT: 'NEXT'>, 'NOT': <TokenType.NOT: 'NOT'>, 'NOTNULL': <TokenType.NOTNULL: 'NOTNULL'>, 'NULL': <TokenType.NULL: 'NULL'>, 'OBJECT': <TokenType.OBJECT: 'OBJECT'>, 'OFFSET': <TokenType.OFFSET: 'OFFSET'>, 'ON': <TokenType.ON: 'ON'>, 'OR': <TokenType.OR: 'OR'>, 'XOR': <TokenType.XOR: 'XOR'>, 'ORDER BY': <TokenType.ORDER_BY: 'ORDER_BY'>, 'ORDINALITY': <TokenType.ORDINALITY: 'ORDINALITY'>, 'OUTER': <TokenType.OUTER: 'OUTER'>, 'OVER': <TokenType.OVER: 'OVER'>, 'OVERLAPS': <TokenType.OVERLAPS: 'OVERLAPS'>, 'OVERWRITE': <TokenType.OVERWRITE: 'OVERWRITE'>, 'PARTITION': <TokenType.PARTITION: 'PARTITION'>, 'PARTITION BY': <TokenType.PARTITION_BY: 'PARTITION_BY'>, 'PARTITIONED BY': <TokenType.PARTITION_BY: 'PARTITION_BY'>, 'PARTITIONED_BY': <TokenType.PARTITION_BY: 'PARTITION_BY'>, 'PERCENT': <TokenType.PERCENT: 'PERCENT'>, 'PIVOT': <TokenType.PIVOT: 'PIVOT'>, 'PRAGMA': <TokenType.PRAGMA: 'PRAGMA'>, 'PRIMARY KEY': <TokenType.PRIMARY_KEY: 'PRIMARY_KEY'>, 'PROCEDURE': <TokenType.PROCEDURE: 'PROCEDURE'>, 'QUALIFY': <TokenType.QUALIFY: 'QUALIFY'>, 'RANGE': <TokenType.RANGE: 'RANGE'>, 'RECURSIVE': <TokenType.RECURSIVE: 'RECURSIVE'>, 'REGEXP': <TokenType.RLIKE: 'RLIKE'>, 'RENAME': <TokenType.RENAME: 'RENAME'>, 'REPLACE': <TokenType.REPLACE: 'REPLACE'>, 'RETURNING': <TokenType.RETURNING: 'RETURNING'>, 'REFERENCES': <TokenType.REFERENCES: 'REFERENCES'>, 'RIGHT': <TokenType.RIGHT: 'RIGHT'>, 'RLIKE': <TokenType.RLIKE: 'RLIKE'>, 'ROLLBACK': <TokenType.ROLLBACK: 'ROLLBACK'>, 'ROLLUP': <TokenType.ROLLUP: 'ROLLUP'>, 'ROW': <TokenType.ROW: 'ROW'>, 'ROWS': <TokenType.ROWS: 'ROWS'>, 'SCHEMA': <TokenType.SCHEMA: 'SCHEMA'>, 'SELECT': <TokenType.SELECT: 'SELECT'>, 'SEMI': <TokenType.SEMI: 'SEMI'>, 'SET': <TokenType.SET: 'SET'>, 'SETTINGS': <TokenType.SETTINGS: 'SETTINGS'>, 'SHOW': <TokenType.SHOW: 'SHOW'>, 'SIMILAR TO': <TokenType.SIMILAR_TO: 'SIMILAR_TO'>, 'SOME': <TokenType.SOME: 'SOME'>, 'SORT BY': <TokenType.SORT_BY: 'SORT_BY'>, 'START WITH': <TokenType.START_WITH: 'START_WITH'>, 'STRAIGHT_JOIN': <TokenType.STRAIGHT_JOIN: 'STRAIGHT_JOIN'>, 'TABLE': <TokenType.TABLE: 'TABLE'>, 'TABLESAMPLE': <TokenType.TABLE_SAMPLE: 'TABLE_SAMPLE'>, 'TEMP': <TokenType.TEMPORARY: 'TEMPORARY'>, 'TEMPORARY': <TokenType.TEMPORARY: 'TEMPORARY'>, 'THEN': <TokenType.THEN: 'THEN'>, 'TRUE': <TokenType.TRUE: 'TRUE'>, 'TRUNCATE': <TokenType.TRUNCATE: 'TRUNCATE'>, 'UNION': <TokenType.UNION: 'UNION'>, 'UNKNOWN': <TokenType.UNKNOWN: 'UNKNOWN'>, 'UNNEST': <TokenType.UNNEST: 'UNNEST'>, 'UNPIVOT': <TokenType.UNPIVOT: 'UNPIVOT'>, 'UPDATE': <TokenType.UPDATE: 'UPDATE'>, 'USE': <TokenType.USE: 'USE'>, 'USING': <TokenType.USING: 'USING'>, 'UUID': <TokenType.UUID: 'UUID'>, 'VALUES': <TokenType.VALUES: 'VALUES'>, 'VIEW': <TokenType.VIEW: 'VIEW'>, 'VOLATILE': <TokenType.VOLATILE: 'VOLATILE'>, 'WHEN': <TokenType.WHEN: 'WHEN'>, 'WHERE': <TokenType.WHERE: 'WHERE'>, 'WINDOW': <TokenType.WINDOW: 'WINDOW'>, 'WITH': <TokenType.WITH: 'WITH'>, 'APPLY': <TokenType.APPLY: 'APPLY'>, 'ARRAY': <TokenType.ARRAY: 'ARRAY'>, 'BIT': <TokenType.BIT: 'BIT'>, 'BOOL': <TokenType.BOOLEAN: 'BOOLEAN'>, 'BOOLEAN': <TokenType.BOOLEAN: 'BOOLEAN'>, 'BYTE': <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, 'MEDIUMINT': <TokenType.MEDIUMINT: 'MEDIUMINT'>, 'INT1': <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, 'TINYINT': <TokenType.UTINYINT: 'UTINYINT'>, 'INT16': <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, 'SHORT': <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, 'SMALLINT': <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, 'HUGEINT': <TokenType.INT128: 'INT128'>, 'UHUGEINT': <TokenType.UINT128: 'UINT128'>, 'INT2': <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, 'INTEGER': <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, 'INT': <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, 'INT4': <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, 'INT32': <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, 'INT64': <TokenType.BIGINT: 'BIGINT'>, 'INT128': <TokenType.INT128: 'INT128'>, 'INT256': <TokenType.INT256: 'INT256'>, 'LONG': <TokenType.BIGINT: 'BIGINT'>, 'BIGINT': <TokenType.BIGINT: 'BIGINT'>, 'INT8': <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, 'UINT': <TokenType.UINT: 'UINT'>, 'UINT128': <TokenType.UINT128: 'UINT128'>, 'UINT256': <TokenType.UINT256: 'UINT256'>, 'DEC': <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, 'DECIMAL': <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, 'DECIMAL32': <TokenType.DECIMAL32: 'DECIMAL32'>, 'DECIMAL64': <TokenType.DECIMAL64: 'DECIMAL64'>, 'DECIMAL128': <TokenType.DECIMAL128: 'DECIMAL128'>, 'DECIMAL256': <TokenType.DECIMAL256: 'DECIMAL256'>, 'BIGDECIMAL': <TokenType.BIGDECIMAL: 'BIGDECIMAL'>, 'BIGNUMERIC': <TokenType.BIGDECIMAL: 'BIGDECIMAL'>, 'LIST': <TokenType.LIST: 'LIST'>, 'MAP': <TokenType.MAP: 'MAP'>, 'NULLABLE': <TokenType.NULLABLE: 'NULLABLE'>, 'NUMBER': <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, 'NUMERIC': <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, 'FIXED': <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, 'REAL': <TokenType.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>, 'FLOAT': <TokenType.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>, 'FLOAT4': <TokenType.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>, 'FLOAT8': <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, 'DOUBLE': <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, 'DOUBLE PRECISION': <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, 'JSON': <TokenType.JSON: 'JSON'>, 'JSONB': <TokenType.JSONB: 'JSONB'>, 'CHAR': <TokenType.CHAR: 'CHAR'>, 'CHARACTER': <TokenType.CHAR: 'CHAR'>, 'CHAR VARYING': <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, 'CHARACTER VARYING': <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, 'NCHAR': <TokenType.NCHAR: 'NCHAR'>, 'VARCHAR': <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, 'VARCHAR2': <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, 'NVARCHAR': <TokenType.NVARCHAR: 'NVARCHAR'>, 'NVARCHAR2': <TokenType.NVARCHAR: 'NVARCHAR'>, 'BPCHAR': <TokenType.BPCHAR: 'BPCHAR'>, 'STR': <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, 'STRING': <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, 'TEXT': <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, 'LONGTEXT': <TokenType.LONGTEXT: 'LONGTEXT'>, 'MEDIUMTEXT': <TokenType.MEDIUMTEXT: 'MEDIUMTEXT'>, 'TINYTEXT': <TokenType.TINYTEXT: 'TINYTEXT'>, 'CLOB': <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, 'LONGVARCHAR': <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, 'BINARY': <TokenType.BINARY: 'BINARY'>, 'BLOB': <TokenType.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>, 'LONGBLOB': <TokenType.LONGBLOB: 'LONGBLOB'>, 'MEDIUMBLOB': <TokenType.MEDIUMBLOB: 'MEDIUMBLOB'>, 'TINYBLOB': <TokenType.TINYBLOB: 'TINYBLOB'>, 'BYTEA': <TokenType.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>, 'VARBINARY': <TokenType.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>, 'TIME': <TokenType.TIME: 'TIME'>, 'TIMETZ': <TokenType.TIMETZ: 'TIMETZ'>, 'TIMESTAMP': <TokenType.ROWVERSION: 'ROWVERSION'>, 'TIMESTAMPTZ': <TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ: 'TIMESTAMPTZ'>, 'TIMESTAMPLTZ': <TokenType.TIMESTAMPLTZ: 'TIMESTAMPLTZ'>, 'TIMESTAMP_LTZ': <TokenType.TIMESTAMPLTZ: 'TIMESTAMPLTZ'>, 'TIMESTAMPNTZ': <TokenType.TIMESTAMPNTZ: 'TIMESTAMPNTZ'>, 'TIMESTAMP_NTZ': <TokenType.TIMESTAMPNTZ: 'TIMESTAMPNTZ'>, 'DATE': <TokenType.DATE: 'DATE'>, 'DATETIME': <TokenType.DATETIME: 'DATETIME'>, 'INT4RANGE': <TokenType.INT4RANGE: 'INT4RANGE'>, 'INT4MULTIRANGE': <TokenType.INT4MULTIRANGE: 'INT4MULTIRANGE'>, 'INT8RANGE': <TokenType.INT8RANGE: 'INT8RANGE'>, 'INT8MULTIRANGE': <TokenType.INT8MULTIRANGE: 'INT8MULTIRANGE'>, 'NUMRANGE': <TokenType.NUMRANGE: 'NUMRANGE'>, 'NUMMULTIRANGE': <TokenType.NUMMULTIRANGE: 'NUMMULTIRANGE'>, 'TSRANGE': <TokenType.TSRANGE: 'TSRANGE'>, 'TSMULTIRANGE': <TokenType.TSMULTIRANGE: 'TSMULTIRANGE'>, 'TSTZRANGE': <TokenType.TSTZRANGE: 'TSTZRANGE'>, 'TSTZMULTIRANGE': <TokenType.TSTZMULTIRANGE: 'TSTZMULTIRANGE'>, 'DATERANGE': <TokenType.DATERANGE: 'DATERANGE'>, 'DATEMULTIRANGE': <TokenType.DATEMULTIRANGE: 'DATEMULTIRANGE'>, 'UNIQUE': <TokenType.UNIQUE: 'UNIQUE'>, 'VECTOR': <TokenType.VECTOR: 'VECTOR'>, 'STRUCT': <TokenType.STRUCT: 'STRUCT'>, 'SEQUENCE': <TokenType.SEQUENCE: 'SEQUENCE'>, 'VARIANT': <TokenType.VARIANT: 'VARIANT'>, 'ALTER': <TokenType.ALTER: 'ALTER'>, 'ANALYZE': <TokenType.ANALYZE: 'ANALYZE'>, 'CALL': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'COMMENT': <TokenType.COMMENT: 'COMMENT'>, 'EXPLAIN': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'GRANT': <TokenType.GRANT: 'GRANT'>, 'OPTIMIZE': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'PREPARE': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'VACUUM': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'USER-DEFINED': <TokenType.USERDEFINED: 'USERDEFINED'>, 'FOR VERSION': <TokenType.VERSION_SNAPSHOT: 'VERSION_SNAPSHOT'>, 'FOR TIMESTAMP': <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_SNAPSHOT: 'TIMESTAMP_SNAPSHOT'>, 'CLUSTERED INDEX': <TokenType.INDEX: 'INDEX'>, 'DATETIME2': <TokenType.DATETIME2: 'DATETIME2'>, 'DATETIMEOFFSET': <TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ: 'TIMESTAMPTZ'>, 'DECLARE': <TokenType.DECLARE: 'DECLARE'>, 'EXEC': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'FOR SYSTEM_TIME': <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_SNAPSHOT: 'TIMESTAMP_SNAPSHOT'>, 'GO': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'IMAGE': <TokenType.IMAGE: 'IMAGE'>, 'MONEY': <TokenType.MONEY: 'MONEY'>, 'NONCLUSTERED INDEX': <TokenType.INDEX: 'INDEX'>, 'NTEXT': <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, 'OPTION': <TokenType.OPTION: 'OPTION'>, 'OUTPUT': <TokenType.RETURNING: 'RETURNING'>, 'PRINT': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'PROC': <TokenType.PROCEDURE: 'PROCEDURE'>, 'ROWVERSION': <TokenType.ROWVERSION: 'ROWVERSION'>, 'SMALLDATETIME': <TokenType.SMALLDATETIME: 'SMALLDATETIME'>, 'SMALLMONEY': <TokenType.SMALLMONEY: 'SMALLMONEY'>, 'SQL_VARIANT': <TokenType.VARIANT: 'VARIANT'>, 'SYSTEM_USER': <TokenType.CURRENT_USER: 'CURRENT_USER'>, 'TOP': <TokenType.TOP: 'TOP'>, 'UNIQUEIDENTIFIER': <TokenType.UUID: 'UUID'>, 'UPDATE STATISTICS': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'XML': <TokenType.XML: 'XML'>}
COMMANDS = {<TokenType.EXECUTE: 'EXECUTE'>, <TokenType.FETCH: 'FETCH'>, <TokenType.SHOW: 'SHOW'>, <TokenType.END: 'END'>, <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, <TokenType.RENAME: 'RENAME'>}
class TSQL.Parser(sqlglot.parser.Parser):
561    class Parser(parser.Parser):
562        SET_REQUIRES_ASSIGNMENT_DELIMITER = False
563        LOG_DEFAULTS_TO_LN = True
564        STRING_ALIASES = True
565        NO_PAREN_IF_COMMANDS = False
566
567        QUERY_MODIFIER_PARSERS = {
568            **parser.Parser.QUERY_MODIFIER_PARSERS,
569            TokenType.OPTION: lambda self: ("options", self._parse_options()),
570            TokenType.FOR: lambda self: ("for", self._parse_for()),
571        }
572
573        # T-SQL does not allow BEGIN to be used as an identifier
574        ID_VAR_TOKENS = parser.Parser.ID_VAR_TOKENS - {TokenType.BEGIN}
575        ALIAS_TOKENS = parser.Parser.ALIAS_TOKENS - {TokenType.BEGIN}
576        TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS = parser.Parser.TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS - {TokenType.BEGIN}
577        COMMENT_TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS = parser.Parser.COMMENT_TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS - {TokenType.BEGIN}
578        UPDATE_ALIAS_TOKENS = parser.Parser.UPDATE_ALIAS_TOKENS - {TokenType.BEGIN}
579
580        FUNCTIONS = {
581            **parser.Parser.FUNCTIONS,
582            "CHARINDEX": lambda args: exp.StrPosition(
583                this=seq_get(args, 1),
584                substr=seq_get(args, 0),
585                position=seq_get(args, 2),
586            ),
587            "COUNT": lambda args: exp.Count(
588                this=seq_get(args, 0), expressions=args[1:], big_int=False
589            ),
590            "COUNT_BIG": lambda args: exp.Count(
591                this=seq_get(args, 0), expressions=args[1:], big_int=True
592            ),
593            "DATEADD": build_date_delta(exp.DateAdd, unit_mapping=DATE_DELTA_INTERVAL),
594            "DATEDIFF": _build_date_delta(exp.DateDiff, unit_mapping=DATE_DELTA_INTERVAL),
595            "DATENAME": _build_formatted_time(exp.TimeToStr, full_format_mapping=True),
596            "DATEPART": _build_formatted_time(exp.TimeToStr),
597            "DATETIMEFROMPARTS": _build_datetimefromparts,
598            "EOMONTH": _build_eomonth,
599            "FORMAT": _build_format,
600            "GETDATE": exp.CurrentTimestamp.from_arg_list,
601            "HASHBYTES": _build_hashbytes,
602            "ISNULL": lambda args: build_coalesce(args=args, is_null=True),
603            "JSON_QUERY": _build_json_query,
604            "JSON_VALUE": parser.build_extract_json_with_path(exp.JSONExtractScalar),
605            "LEN": _build_with_arg_as_text(exp.Length),
606            "LEFT": _build_with_arg_as_text(exp.Left),
607            "NEWID": exp.Uuid.from_arg_list,
608            "RIGHT": _build_with_arg_as_text(exp.Right),
609            "PARSENAME": _build_parsename,
610            "REPLICATE": exp.Repeat.from_arg_list,
611            "SCHEMA_NAME": exp.CurrentSchema.from_arg_list,
612            "SQUARE": lambda args: exp.Pow(this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=exp.Literal.number(2)),
613            "SYSDATETIME": exp.CurrentTimestamp.from_arg_list,
614            "SUSER_NAME": exp.CurrentUser.from_arg_list,
615            "SUSER_SNAME": exp.CurrentUser.from_arg_list,
616            "SYSDATETIMEOFFSET": exp.CurrentTimestampLTZ.from_arg_list,
617            "SYSTEM_USER": exp.CurrentUser.from_arg_list,
618            "TIMEFROMPARTS": _build_timefromparts,
619            "DATETRUNC": _build_datetrunc,
620        }
621
622        JOIN_HINTS = {"LOOP", "HASH", "MERGE", "REMOTE"}
623
624        PROCEDURE_OPTIONS = dict.fromkeys(
625            ("ENCRYPTION", "RECOMPILE", "SCHEMABINDING", "NATIVE_COMPILATION", "EXECUTE"), tuple()
626        )
627
628        COLUMN_DEFINITION_MODES = {"OUT", "OUTPUT", "READ_ONLY"}
629
630        RETURNS_TABLE_TOKENS = parser.Parser.ID_VAR_TOKENS - {
631            TokenType.TABLE,
632            *parser.Parser.TYPE_TOKENS,
633        }
634
635        STATEMENT_PARSERS = {
636            **parser.Parser.STATEMENT_PARSERS,
637            TokenType.DECLARE: lambda self: self._parse_declare(),
638        }
639
640        RANGE_PARSERS = {
641            **parser.Parser.RANGE_PARSERS,
642            TokenType.DCOLON: lambda self, this: self.expression(
643                exp.ScopeResolution,
644                this=this,
645                expression=self._parse_function() or self._parse_var(any_token=True),
646            ),
647        }
648
649        NO_PAREN_FUNCTION_PARSERS = {
650            **parser.Parser.NO_PAREN_FUNCTION_PARSERS,
651            "NEXT": lambda self: self._parse_next_value_for(),
652        }
653
654        # The DCOLON (::) operator serves as a scope resolution (exp.ScopeResolution) operator in T-SQL
655        COLUMN_OPERATORS = {
656            **parser.Parser.COLUMN_OPERATORS,
657            TokenType.DCOLON: lambda self, this, to: self.expression(exp.Cast, this=this, to=to)
658            if isinstance(to, exp.DataType) and to.this != exp.DataType.Type.USERDEFINED
659            else self.expression(exp.ScopeResolution, this=this, expression=to),
660        }
661
662        def _parse_alter_table_set(self) -> exp.AlterSet:
663            return self._parse_wrapped(super()._parse_alter_table_set)
664
665        def _parse_wrapped_select(self, table: bool = False) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
666            if self._match(TokenType.MERGE):
667                comments = self._prev_comments
668                merge = self._parse_merge()
669                merge.add_comments(comments, prepend=True)
670                return merge
671
672            return super()._parse_wrapped_select(table=table)
673
674        def _parse_dcolon(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
675            # We want to use _parse_types() if the first token after :: is a known type,
676            # otherwise we could parse something like x::varchar(max) into a function
677            if self._match_set(self.TYPE_TOKENS, advance=False):
678                return self._parse_types()
679
680            return self._parse_function() or self._parse_types()
681
682        def _parse_options(self) -> t.Optional[t.List[exp.Expression]]:
683            if not self._match(TokenType.OPTION):
684                return None
685
686            def _parse_option() -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
687                option = self._parse_var_from_options(OPTIONS)
688                if not option:
689                    return None
690
691                self._match(TokenType.EQ)
692                return self.expression(
693                    exp.QueryOption, this=option, expression=self._parse_primary_or_var()
694                )
695
696            return self._parse_wrapped_csv(_parse_option)
697
698        def _parse_xml_key_value_option(self) -> exp.XMLKeyValueOption:
699            this = self._parse_primary_or_var()
700            if self._match(TokenType.L_PAREN, advance=False):
701                expression = self._parse_wrapped(self._parse_string)
702            else:
703                expression = None
704
705            return exp.XMLKeyValueOption(this=this, expression=expression)
706
707        def _parse_for(self) -> t.Optional[t.List[exp.Expression]]:
708            if not self._match_pair(TokenType.FOR, TokenType.XML):
709                return None
710
711            def _parse_for_xml() -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
712                return self.expression(
713                    exp.QueryOption,
714                    this=self._parse_var_from_options(XML_OPTIONS, raise_unmatched=False)
715                    or self._parse_xml_key_value_option(),
716                )
717
718            return self._parse_csv(_parse_for_xml)
719
720        def _parse_projections(self) -> t.List[exp.Expression]:
721            """
722            T-SQL supports the syntax alias = expression in the SELECT's projection list,
723            so we transform all parsed Selects to convert their EQ projections into Aliases.
724
725            See: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/sql/t-sql/queries/select-clause-transact-sql?view=sql-server-ver16#syntax
726            """
727            return [
728                (
729                    exp.alias_(projection.expression, projection.this.this, copy=False)
730                    if isinstance(projection, exp.EQ) and isinstance(projection.this, exp.Column)
731                    else projection
732                )
733                for projection in super()._parse_projections()
734            ]
735
736        def _parse_commit_or_rollback(self) -> exp.Commit | exp.Rollback:
737            """Applies to SQL Server and Azure SQL Database
738            COMMIT [ { TRAN | TRANSACTION }
739                [ transaction_name | @tran_name_variable ] ]
740                [ WITH ( DELAYED_DURABILITY = { OFF | ON } ) ]
741
742            ROLLBACK { TRAN | TRANSACTION }
743                [ transaction_name | @tran_name_variable
744                | savepoint_name | @savepoint_variable ]
745            """
746            rollback = self._prev.token_type == TokenType.ROLLBACK
747
748            self._match_texts(("TRAN", "TRANSACTION"))
749            this = self._parse_id_var()
750
751            if rollback:
752                return self.expression(exp.Rollback, this=this)
753
754            durability = None
755            if self._match_pair(TokenType.WITH, TokenType.L_PAREN):
756                self._match_text_seq("DELAYED_DURABILITY")
757                self._match(TokenType.EQ)
758
759                if self._match_text_seq("OFF"):
760                    durability = False
761                else:
762                    self._match(TokenType.ON)
763                    durability = True
764
765                self._match_r_paren()
766
767            return self.expression(exp.Commit, this=this, durability=durability)
768
769        def _parse_transaction(self) -> exp.Transaction | exp.Command:
770            """Applies to SQL Server and Azure SQL Database
771            BEGIN { TRAN | TRANSACTION }
772            [ { transaction_name | @tran_name_variable }
773            [ WITH MARK [ 'description' ] ]
774            ]
775            """
776            if self._match_texts(("TRAN", "TRANSACTION")):
777                transaction = self.expression(exp.Transaction, this=self._parse_id_var())
778                if self._match_text_seq("WITH", "MARK"):
779                    transaction.set("mark", self._parse_string())
780
781                return transaction
782
783            return self._parse_as_command(self._prev)
784
785        def _parse_returns(self) -> exp.ReturnsProperty:
786            table = self._parse_id_var(any_token=False, tokens=self.RETURNS_TABLE_TOKENS)
787            returns = super()._parse_returns()
788            returns.set("table", table)
789            return returns
790
791        def _parse_convert(
792            self, strict: bool, safe: t.Optional[bool] = None
793        ) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
794            this = self._parse_types()
795            self._match(TokenType.COMMA)
796            args = [this, *self._parse_csv(self._parse_assignment)]
797            convert = exp.Convert.from_arg_list(args)
798            convert.set("safe", safe)
799            convert.set("strict", strict)
800            return convert
801
802        def _parse_column_def(
803            self, this: t.Optional[exp.Expression], computed_column: bool = True
804        ) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
805            this = super()._parse_column_def(this=this, computed_column=computed_column)
806            if not this:
807                return None
808            if self._match(TokenType.EQ):
809                this.set("default", self._parse_disjunction())
810            if self._match_texts(self.COLUMN_DEFINITION_MODES):
811                this.set("output", self._prev.text)
812            return this
813
814        def _parse_user_defined_function(
815            self, kind: t.Optional[TokenType] = None
816        ) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
817            this = super()._parse_user_defined_function(kind=kind)
818
819            if (
820                kind == TokenType.FUNCTION
821                or isinstance(this, exp.UserDefinedFunction)
822                or self._match(TokenType.ALIAS, advance=False)
823            ):
824                return this
825
826            if not self._match(TokenType.WITH, advance=False):
827                expressions = self._parse_csv(self._parse_function_parameter)
828            else:
829                expressions = None
830
831            return self.expression(exp.UserDefinedFunction, this=this, expressions=expressions)
832
833        def _parse_into(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Into]:
834            into = super()._parse_into()
835
836            table = isinstance(into, exp.Into) and into.find(exp.Table)
837            if isinstance(table, exp.Table):
838                table_identifier = table.this
839                if table_identifier.args.get("temporary"):
840                    # Promote the temporary property from the Identifier to the Into expression
841                    t.cast(exp.Into, into).set("temporary", True)
842
843            return into
844
845        def _parse_id_var(
846            self,
847            any_token: bool = True,
848            tokens: t.Optional[t.Collection[TokenType]] = None,
849        ) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
850            is_temporary = self._match(TokenType.HASH)
851            is_global = is_temporary and self._match(TokenType.HASH)
852
853            this = super()._parse_id_var(any_token=any_token, tokens=tokens)
854            if this:
855                if is_global:
856                    this.set("global", True)
857                elif is_temporary:
858                    this.set("temporary", True)
859
860            return this
861
862        def _parse_create(self) -> exp.Create | exp.Command:
863            create = super()._parse_create()
864
865            if isinstance(create, exp.Create):
866                table = create.this.this if isinstance(create.this, exp.Schema) else create.this
867                if isinstance(table, exp.Table) and table.this and table.this.args.get("temporary"):
868                    if not create.args.get("properties"):
869                        create.set("properties", exp.Properties(expressions=[]))
870
871                    create.args["properties"].append("expressions", exp.TemporaryProperty())
872
873            return create
874
875        def _parse_if(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
876            index = self._index
877
878            if self._match_text_seq("OBJECT_ID"):
879                self._parse_wrapped_csv(self._parse_string)
880                if self._match_text_seq("IS", "NOT", "NULL") and self._match(TokenType.DROP):
881                    return self._parse_drop(exists=True)
882                self._retreat(index)
883
884            return super()._parse_if()
885
886        def _parse_unique(self) -> exp.UniqueColumnConstraint:
887            if self._match_texts(("CLUSTERED", "NONCLUSTERED")):
888                this = self.CONSTRAINT_PARSERS[self._prev.text.upper()](self)
889            else:
890                this = self._parse_schema(self._parse_id_var(any_token=False))
891
892            return self.expression(exp.UniqueColumnConstraint, this=this)
893
894        def _parse_partition(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Partition]:
895            if not self._match_text_seq("WITH", "(", "PARTITIONS"):
896                return None
897
898            def parse_range():
899                low = self._parse_bitwise()
900                high = self._parse_bitwise() if self._match_text_seq("TO") else None
901
902                return (
903                    self.expression(exp.PartitionRange, this=low, expression=high) if high else low
904                )
905
906            partition = self.expression(
907                exp.Partition, expressions=self._parse_wrapped_csv(parse_range)
908            )
909
910            self._match_r_paren()
911
912            return partition
913
914        def _parse_declare(self) -> exp.Declare | exp.Command:
915            index = self._index
916            expressions = self._try_parse(partial(self._parse_csv, self._parse_declareitem))
917
918            if not expressions or self._curr:
919                self._retreat(index)
920                return self._parse_as_command(self._prev)
921
922            return self.expression(exp.Declare, expressions=expressions)
923
924        def _parse_declareitem(self) -> t.Optional[exp.DeclareItem]:
925            var = self._parse_id_var()
926            if not var:
927                return None
928
929            value = None
930            self._match(TokenType.ALIAS)
931            if self._match(TokenType.TABLE):
932                data_type = self._parse_schema()
933            else:
934                data_type = self._parse_types()
935                if self._match(TokenType.EQ):
936                    value = self._parse_bitwise()
937
938            return self.expression(exp.DeclareItem, this=var, kind=data_type, default=value)
939
940        def _parse_alter_table_alter(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
941            expression = super()._parse_alter_table_alter()
942
943            if expression is not None:
944                collation = expression.args.get("collate")
945                if isinstance(collation, exp.Column) and isinstance(collation.this, exp.Identifier):
946                    identifier = collation.this
947                    collation.set("this", exp.Var(this=identifier.name))
948
949            return expression

Parser consumes a list of tokens produced by the Tokenizer and produces a parsed syntax tree.

Arguments:
  • error_level: The desired error level. Default: ErrorLevel.IMMEDIATE
  • error_message_context: The amount of context to capture from a query string when displaying the error message (in number of characters). Default: 100
  • max_errors: Maximum number of error messages to include in a raised ParseError. This is only relevant if error_level is ErrorLevel.RAISE. Default: 3
SET_REQUIRES_ASSIGNMENT_DELIMITER = False
LOG_DEFAULTS_TO_LN = True
STRING_ALIASES = True
NO_PAREN_IF_COMMANDS = False
QUERY_MODIFIER_PARSERS = {<TokenType.MATCH_RECOGNIZE: 'MATCH_RECOGNIZE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.PREWHERE: 'PREWHERE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.WHERE: 'WHERE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.GROUP_BY: 'GROUP_BY'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.HAVING: 'HAVING'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.QUALIFY: 'QUALIFY'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.WINDOW: 'WINDOW'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.ORDER_BY: 'ORDER_BY'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.LIMIT: 'LIMIT'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.FETCH: 'FETCH'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.OFFSET: 'OFFSET'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.FOR: 'FOR'>: <function TSQL.Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.LOCK: 'LOCK'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.TABLE_SAMPLE: 'TABLE_SAMPLE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.USING: 'USING'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.CLUSTER_BY: 'CLUSTER_BY'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.DISTRIBUTE_BY: 'DISTRIBUTE_BY'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.SORT_BY: 'SORT_BY'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.CONNECT_BY: 'CONNECT_BY'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.START_WITH: 'START_WITH'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.OPTION: 'OPTION'>: <function TSQL.Parser.<lambda>>}
ID_VAR_TOKENS = {<TokenType.DATE32: 'DATE32'>, <TokenType.MULTIPOLYGON: 'MULTIPOLYGON'>, <TokenType.HLLSKETCH: 'HLLSKETCH'>, <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, <TokenType.USERDEFINED: 'USERDEFINED'>, <TokenType.NAME: 'NAME'>, <TokenType.PIVOT: 'PIVOT'>, <TokenType.INT8MULTIRANGE: 'INT8MULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.JSON: 'JSON'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_TIME: 'CURRENT_TIME'>, <TokenType.BOOLEAN: 'BOOLEAN'>, <TokenType.RECURSIVE: 'RECURSIVE'>, <TokenType.IPV4: 'IPV4'>, <TokenType.NEXT: 'NEXT'>, <TokenType.BPCHAR: 'BPCHAR'>, <TokenType.DESC: 'DESC'>, <TokenType.DIV: 'DIV'>, <TokenType.ANY: 'ANY'>, <TokenType.INT128: 'INT128'>, <TokenType.DELETE: 'DELETE'>, <TokenType.FIXEDSTRING: 'FIXEDSTRING'>, <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, <TokenType.FUNCTION: 'FUNCTION'>, <TokenType.COLLATE: 'COLLATE'>, <TokenType.INT4RANGE: 'INT4RANGE'>, <TokenType.VARIANT: 'VARIANT'>, <TokenType.BINARY: 'BINARY'>, <TokenType.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>, <TokenType.OVERWRITE: 'OVERWRITE'>, <TokenType.GEOMETRY: 'GEOMETRY'>, <TokenType.STRAIGHT_JOIN: 'STRAIGHT_JOIN'>, <TokenType.PUT: 'PUT'>, <TokenType.EXPORT: 'EXPORT'>, <TokenType.RENAME: 'RENAME'>, <TokenType.DESCRIBE: 'DESCRIBE'>, <TokenType.PSEUDO_TYPE: 'PSEUDO_TYPE'>, <TokenType.SMALLSERIAL: 'SMALLSERIAL'>, <TokenType.STORAGE_INTEGRATION: 'STORAGE_INTEGRATION'>, <TokenType.RING: 'RING'>, <TokenType.TIME: 'TIME'>, <TokenType.ASC: 'ASC'>, <TokenType.OBJECT_IDENTIFIER: 'OBJECT_IDENTIFIER'>, <TokenType.COMMENT: 'COMMENT'>, <TokenType.ENUM8: 'ENUM8'>, <TokenType.ATTACH: 'ATTACH'>, <TokenType.COLUMN: 'COLUMN'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMBLOB: 'MEDIUMBLOB'>, <TokenType.BIGINT: 'BIGINT'>, <TokenType.LOAD: 'LOAD'>, <TokenType.JSONB: 'JSONB'>, <TokenType.IPPREFIX: 'IPPREFIX'>, <TokenType.FALSE: 'FALSE'>, <TokenType.BIGSERIAL: 'BIGSERIAL'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_NS: 'TIMESTAMP_NS'>, <TokenType.SOME: 'SOME'>, <TokenType.UNNEST: 'UNNEST'>, <TokenType.INTERVAL: 'INTERVAL'>, <TokenType.IDENTIFIER: 'IDENTIFIER'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ: 'TIMESTAMPTZ'>, <TokenType.DATETIME: 'DATETIME'>, <TokenType.PRAGMA: 'PRAGMA'>, <TokenType.POINT: 'POINT'>, <TokenType.DYNAMIC: 'DYNAMIC'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_DATETIME: 'CURRENT_DATETIME'>, <TokenType.LIMIT: 'LIMIT'>, <TokenType.FIRST: 'FIRST'>, <TokenType.OPERATOR: 'OPERATOR'>, <TokenType.PROCEDURE: 'PROCEDURE'>, <TokenType.DATETIME64: 'DATETIME64'>, <TokenType.REFERENCES: 'REFERENCES'>, <TokenType.PARTITION: 'PARTITION'>, <TokenType.SMALLMONEY: 'SMALLMONEY'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMTEXT: 'MEDIUMTEXT'>, <TokenType.SUPER: 'SUPER'>, <TokenType.SOURCE: 'SOURCE'>, <TokenType.UMEDIUMINT: 'UMEDIUMINT'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_USER: 'CURRENT_USER'>, <TokenType.ROWVERSION: 'ROWVERSION'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_TIMESTAMP: 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'>, <TokenType.NULLABLE: 'NULLABLE'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_DATE: 'CURRENT_DATE'>, <TokenType.LOWCARDINALITY: 'LOWCARDINALITY'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL64: 'DECIMAL64'>, <TokenType.LINESTRING: 'LINESTRING'>, <TokenType.TRUE: 'TRUE'>, <TokenType.UINT128: 'UINT128'>, <TokenType.UBIGINT: 'UBIGINT'>, <TokenType.RANGE: 'RANGE'>, <TokenType.WINDOW: 'WINDOW'>, <TokenType.COPY: 'COPY'>, <TokenType.USMALLINT: 'USMALLINT'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP: 'TIMESTAMP'>, <TokenType.BIGDECIMAL: 'BIGDECIMAL'>, <TokenType.SINK: 'SINK'>, <TokenType.SMALLDATETIME: 'SMALLDATETIME'>, <TokenType.TSRANGE: 'TSRANGE'>, <TokenType.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>, <TokenType.BIT: 'BIT'>, <TokenType.POLYGON: 'POLYGON'>, <TokenType.ENUM: 'ENUM'>, <TokenType.CASE: 'CASE'>, <TokenType.TOP: 'TOP'>, <TokenType.LIST: 'LIST'>, <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, <TokenType.NATURAL: 'NATURAL'>, <TokenType.YEAR: 'YEAR'>, <TokenType.UNIQUE: 'UNIQUE'>, <TokenType.INET: 'INET'>, <TokenType.FOREIGN_KEY: 'FOREIGN_KEY'>, <TokenType.EXECUTE: 'EXECUTE'>, <TokenType.VECTOR: 'VECTOR'>, <TokenType.TIMETZ: 'TIMETZ'>, <TokenType.ENUM16: 'ENUM16'>, <TokenType.FORMAT: 'FORMAT'>, <TokenType.STREAMLIT: 'STREAMLIT'>, <TokenType.NUMRANGE: 'NUMRANGE'>, <TokenType.GEOGRAPHY: 'GEOGRAPHY'>, <TokenType.INT256: 'INT256'>, <TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT: 'AUTO_INCREMENT'>, <TokenType.UNPIVOT: 'UNPIVOT'>, <TokenType.MULTILINESTRING: 'MULTILINESTRING'>, <TokenType.REPLACE: 'REPLACE'>, <TokenType.TINYTEXT: 'TINYTEXT'>, <TokenType.OVERLAPS: 'OVERLAPS'>, <TokenType.SIMPLEAGGREGATEFUNCTION: 'SIMPLEAGGREGATEFUNCTION'>, <TokenType.IMAGE: 'IMAGE'>, <TokenType.REFRESH: 'REFRESH'>, <TokenType.MERGE: 'MERGE'>, <TokenType.INT8RANGE: 'INT8RANGE'>, <TokenType.UINT: 'UINT'>, <TokenType.MAP: 'MAP'>, <TokenType.ESCAPE: 'ESCAPE'>, <TokenType.NCHAR: 'NCHAR'>, <TokenType.NOTHING: 'NOTHING'>, <TokenType.UDOUBLE: 'UDOUBLE'>, <TokenType.ASOF: 'ASOF'>, <TokenType.VOID: 'VOID'>, <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, <TokenType.NULL: 'NULL'>, <TokenType.IPV6: 'IPV6'>, <TokenType.MONEY: 'MONEY'>, <TokenType.DATEMULTIRANGE: 'DATEMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPLTZ: 'TIMESTAMPLTZ'>, <TokenType.TSTZMULTIRANGE: 'TSTZMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL256: 'DECIMAL256'>, <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, <TokenType.WAREHOUSE: 'WAREHOUSE'>, <TokenType.KEEP: 'KEEP'>, <TokenType.BLOB: 'BLOB'>, <TokenType.CUBE: 'CUBE'>, <TokenType.TEMPORARY: 'TEMPORARY'>, <TokenType.DICTIONARY: 'DICTIONARY'>, <TokenType.FILTER: 'FILTER'>, <TokenType.UNKNOWN: 'UNKNOWN'>, <TokenType.FINAL: 'FINAL'>, <TokenType.UTINYINT: 'UTINYINT'>, <TokenType.INDEX: 'INDEX'>, <TokenType.NAMESPACE: 'NAMESPACE'>, <TokenType.CHAR: 'CHAR'>, <TokenType.UDECIMAL: 'UDECIMAL'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_MS: 'TIMESTAMP_MS'>, <TokenType.APPLY: 'APPLY'>, <TokenType.IS: 'IS'>, <TokenType.VOLATILE: 'VOLATILE'>, <TokenType.NVARCHAR: 'NVARCHAR'>, <TokenType.LONGBLOB: 'LONGBLOB'>, <TokenType.INT4MULTIRANGE: 'INT4MULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.EXISTS: 'EXISTS'>, <TokenType.TAG: 'TAG'>, <TokenType.NUMMULTIRANGE: 'NUMMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.CACHE: 'CACHE'>, <TokenType.PERCENT: 'PERCENT'>, <TokenType.SHOW: 'SHOW'>, <TokenType.FILE_FORMAT: 'FILE_FORMAT'>, <TokenType.FULL: 'FULL'>, <TokenType.OBJECT: 'OBJECT'>, <TokenType.DEFAULT: 'DEFAULT'>, <TokenType.OFFSET: 'OFFSET'>, <TokenType.DATERANGE: 'DATERANGE'>, <TokenType.TSTZRANGE: 'TSTZRANGE'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL32: 'DECIMAL32'>, <TokenType.UUID: 'UUID'>, <TokenType.SEMI: 'SEMI'>, <TokenType.SET: 'SET'>, <TokenType.ALL: 'ALL'>, <TokenType.LEFT: 'LEFT'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL128: 'DECIMAL128'>, <TokenType.DATABASE: 'DATABASE'>, <TokenType.IPADDRESS: 'IPADDRESS'>, <TokenType.ROW: 'ROW'>, <TokenType.KILL: 'KILL'>, <TokenType.ORDINALITY: 'ORDINALITY'>, <TokenType.SETTINGS: 'SETTINGS'>, <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, <TokenType.AGGREGATEFUNCTION: 'AGGREGATEFUNCTION'>, <TokenType.END: 'END'>, <TokenType.MODEL: 'MODEL'>, <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, <TokenType.UPDATE: 'UPDATE'>, <TokenType.SEQUENCE: 'SEQUENCE'>, <TokenType.TDIGEST: 'TDIGEST'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_S: 'TIMESTAMP_S'>, <TokenType.USE: 'USE'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMINT: 'MEDIUMINT'>, <TokenType.NESTED: 'NESTED'>, <TokenType.COMMIT: 'COMMIT'>, <TokenType.GET: 'GET'>, <TokenType.ISNULL: 'ISNULL'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_SCHEMA: 'CURRENT_SCHEMA'>, <TokenType.TRUNCATE: 'TRUNCATE'>, <TokenType.TABLE: 'TABLE'>, <TokenType.VIEW: 'VIEW'>, <TokenType.RIGHT: 'RIGHT'>, <TokenType.SERIAL: 'SERIAL'>, <TokenType.VAR: 'VAR'>, <TokenType.UINT256: 'UINT256'>, <TokenType.TINYBLOB: 'TINYBLOB'>, <TokenType.ROWS: 'ROWS'>, <TokenType.DETACH: 'DETACH'>, <TokenType.DATE: 'DATE'>, <TokenType.SCHEMA: 'SCHEMA'>, <TokenType.TSMULTIRANGE: 'TSMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.XML: 'XML'>, <TokenType.DATETIME2: 'DATETIME2'>, <TokenType.LONGTEXT: 'LONGTEXT'>, <TokenType.ROLLUP: 'ROLLUP'>, <TokenType.STRUCT: 'STRUCT'>, <TokenType.ANTI: 'ANTI'>, <TokenType.HSTORE: 'HSTORE'>, <TokenType.STAGE: 'STAGE'>, <TokenType.ARRAY: 'ARRAY'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, <TokenType.CONSTRAINT: 'CONSTRAINT'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPNTZ: 'TIMESTAMPNTZ'>}
ALIAS_TOKENS = {<TokenType.DATE32: 'DATE32'>, <TokenType.MULTIPOLYGON: 'MULTIPOLYGON'>, <TokenType.HLLSKETCH: 'HLLSKETCH'>, <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, <TokenType.USERDEFINED: 'USERDEFINED'>, <TokenType.NAME: 'NAME'>, <TokenType.PIVOT: 'PIVOT'>, <TokenType.INT8MULTIRANGE: 'INT8MULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.JSON: 'JSON'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_TIME: 'CURRENT_TIME'>, <TokenType.BOOLEAN: 'BOOLEAN'>, <TokenType.RECURSIVE: 'RECURSIVE'>, <TokenType.IPV4: 'IPV4'>, <TokenType.NEXT: 'NEXT'>, <TokenType.BPCHAR: 'BPCHAR'>, <TokenType.DESC: 'DESC'>, <TokenType.DIV: 'DIV'>, <TokenType.ANY: 'ANY'>, <TokenType.INT128: 'INT128'>, <TokenType.DELETE: 'DELETE'>, <TokenType.FIXEDSTRING: 'FIXEDSTRING'>, <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, <TokenType.FUNCTION: 'FUNCTION'>, <TokenType.COLLATE: 'COLLATE'>, <TokenType.INT4RANGE: 'INT4RANGE'>, <TokenType.VARIANT: 'VARIANT'>, <TokenType.BINARY: 'BINARY'>, <TokenType.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>, <TokenType.OVERWRITE: 'OVERWRITE'>, <TokenType.GEOMETRY: 'GEOMETRY'>, <TokenType.PUT: 'PUT'>, <TokenType.EXPORT: 'EXPORT'>, <TokenType.RENAME: 'RENAME'>, <TokenType.DESCRIBE: 'DESCRIBE'>, <TokenType.PSEUDO_TYPE: 'PSEUDO_TYPE'>, <TokenType.SMALLSERIAL: 'SMALLSERIAL'>, <TokenType.STORAGE_INTEGRATION: 'STORAGE_INTEGRATION'>, <TokenType.RING: 'RING'>, <TokenType.TIME: 'TIME'>, <TokenType.ASC: 'ASC'>, <TokenType.OBJECT_IDENTIFIER: 'OBJECT_IDENTIFIER'>, <TokenType.COMMENT: 'COMMENT'>, <TokenType.ENUM8: 'ENUM8'>, <TokenType.ATTACH: 'ATTACH'>, <TokenType.COLUMN: 'COLUMN'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMBLOB: 'MEDIUMBLOB'>, <TokenType.BIGINT: 'BIGINT'>, <TokenType.LOAD: 'LOAD'>, <TokenType.JSONB: 'JSONB'>, <TokenType.IPPREFIX: 'IPPREFIX'>, <TokenType.FALSE: 'FALSE'>, <TokenType.BIGSERIAL: 'BIGSERIAL'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_NS: 'TIMESTAMP_NS'>, <TokenType.SOME: 'SOME'>, <TokenType.UNNEST: 'UNNEST'>, <TokenType.INTERVAL: 'INTERVAL'>, <TokenType.IDENTIFIER: 'IDENTIFIER'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ: 'TIMESTAMPTZ'>, <TokenType.DATETIME: 'DATETIME'>, <TokenType.PRAGMA: 'PRAGMA'>, <TokenType.POINT: 'POINT'>, <TokenType.DYNAMIC: 'DYNAMIC'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_DATETIME: 'CURRENT_DATETIME'>, <TokenType.LIMIT: 'LIMIT'>, <TokenType.FIRST: 'FIRST'>, <TokenType.OPERATOR: 'OPERATOR'>, <TokenType.PROCEDURE: 'PROCEDURE'>, <TokenType.DATETIME64: 'DATETIME64'>, <TokenType.REFERENCES: 'REFERENCES'>, <TokenType.PARTITION: 'PARTITION'>, <TokenType.SMALLMONEY: 'SMALLMONEY'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMTEXT: 'MEDIUMTEXT'>, <TokenType.SUPER: 'SUPER'>, <TokenType.SOURCE: 'SOURCE'>, <TokenType.UMEDIUMINT: 'UMEDIUMINT'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_USER: 'CURRENT_USER'>, <TokenType.ROWVERSION: 'ROWVERSION'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_TIMESTAMP: 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'>, <TokenType.NULLABLE: 'NULLABLE'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_DATE: 'CURRENT_DATE'>, <TokenType.LOWCARDINALITY: 'LOWCARDINALITY'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL64: 'DECIMAL64'>, <TokenType.LINESTRING: 'LINESTRING'>, <TokenType.TRUE: 'TRUE'>, <TokenType.UINT128: 'UINT128'>, <TokenType.UBIGINT: 'UBIGINT'>, <TokenType.RANGE: 'RANGE'>, <TokenType.WINDOW: 'WINDOW'>, <TokenType.COPY: 'COPY'>, <TokenType.USMALLINT: 'USMALLINT'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP: 'TIMESTAMP'>, <TokenType.BIGDECIMAL: 'BIGDECIMAL'>, <TokenType.SINK: 'SINK'>, <TokenType.SMALLDATETIME: 'SMALLDATETIME'>, <TokenType.TSRANGE: 'TSRANGE'>, <TokenType.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>, <TokenType.BIT: 'BIT'>, <TokenType.POLYGON: 'POLYGON'>, <TokenType.ENUM: 'ENUM'>, <TokenType.CASE: 'CASE'>, <TokenType.TOP: 'TOP'>, <TokenType.LIST: 'LIST'>, <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, <TokenType.NATURAL: 'NATURAL'>, <TokenType.YEAR: 'YEAR'>, <TokenType.UNIQUE: 'UNIQUE'>, <TokenType.INET: 'INET'>, <TokenType.FOREIGN_KEY: 'FOREIGN_KEY'>, <TokenType.EXECUTE: 'EXECUTE'>, <TokenType.VECTOR: 'VECTOR'>, <TokenType.TIMETZ: 'TIMETZ'>, <TokenType.ENUM16: 'ENUM16'>, <TokenType.FORMAT: 'FORMAT'>, <TokenType.STREAMLIT: 'STREAMLIT'>, <TokenType.NUMRANGE: 'NUMRANGE'>, <TokenType.GEOGRAPHY: 'GEOGRAPHY'>, <TokenType.INT256: 'INT256'>, <TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT: 'AUTO_INCREMENT'>, <TokenType.UNPIVOT: 'UNPIVOT'>, <TokenType.MULTILINESTRING: 'MULTILINESTRING'>, <TokenType.REPLACE: 'REPLACE'>, <TokenType.TINYTEXT: 'TINYTEXT'>, <TokenType.OVERLAPS: 'OVERLAPS'>, <TokenType.SIMPLEAGGREGATEFUNCTION: 'SIMPLEAGGREGATEFUNCTION'>, <TokenType.IMAGE: 'IMAGE'>, <TokenType.REFRESH: 'REFRESH'>, <TokenType.MERGE: 'MERGE'>, <TokenType.INT8RANGE: 'INT8RANGE'>, <TokenType.UINT: 'UINT'>, <TokenType.MAP: 'MAP'>, <TokenType.ESCAPE: 'ESCAPE'>, <TokenType.NCHAR: 'NCHAR'>, <TokenType.NOTHING: 'NOTHING'>, <TokenType.UDOUBLE: 'UDOUBLE'>, <TokenType.ASOF: 'ASOF'>, <TokenType.VOID: 'VOID'>, <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, <TokenType.NULL: 'NULL'>, <TokenType.IPV6: 'IPV6'>, <TokenType.MONEY: 'MONEY'>, <TokenType.DATEMULTIRANGE: 'DATEMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPLTZ: 'TIMESTAMPLTZ'>, <TokenType.TSTZMULTIRANGE: 'TSTZMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL256: 'DECIMAL256'>, <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, <TokenType.WAREHOUSE: 'WAREHOUSE'>, <TokenType.KEEP: 'KEEP'>, <TokenType.BLOB: 'BLOB'>, <TokenType.CUBE: 'CUBE'>, <TokenType.TEMPORARY: 'TEMPORARY'>, <TokenType.DICTIONARY: 'DICTIONARY'>, <TokenType.FILTER: 'FILTER'>, <TokenType.UNKNOWN: 'UNKNOWN'>, <TokenType.FINAL: 'FINAL'>, <TokenType.UTINYINT: 'UTINYINT'>, <TokenType.INDEX: 'INDEX'>, <TokenType.NAMESPACE: 'NAMESPACE'>, <TokenType.CHAR: 'CHAR'>, <TokenType.UDECIMAL: 'UDECIMAL'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_MS: 'TIMESTAMP_MS'>, <TokenType.APPLY: 'APPLY'>, <TokenType.IS: 'IS'>, <TokenType.VOLATILE: 'VOLATILE'>, <TokenType.NVARCHAR: 'NVARCHAR'>, <TokenType.LONGBLOB: 'LONGBLOB'>, <TokenType.INT4MULTIRANGE: 'INT4MULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.EXISTS: 'EXISTS'>, <TokenType.TAG: 'TAG'>, <TokenType.NUMMULTIRANGE: 'NUMMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.CACHE: 'CACHE'>, <TokenType.PERCENT: 'PERCENT'>, <TokenType.SHOW: 'SHOW'>, <TokenType.FILE_FORMAT: 'FILE_FORMAT'>, <TokenType.FULL: 'FULL'>, <TokenType.OBJECT: 'OBJECT'>, <TokenType.DEFAULT: 'DEFAULT'>, <TokenType.OFFSET: 'OFFSET'>, <TokenType.DATERANGE: 'DATERANGE'>, <TokenType.TSTZRANGE: 'TSTZRANGE'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL32: 'DECIMAL32'>, <TokenType.UUID: 'UUID'>, <TokenType.SEMI: 'SEMI'>, <TokenType.SET: 'SET'>, <TokenType.ALL: 'ALL'>, <TokenType.LEFT: 'LEFT'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL128: 'DECIMAL128'>, <TokenType.DATABASE: 'DATABASE'>, <TokenType.IPADDRESS: 'IPADDRESS'>, <TokenType.ROW: 'ROW'>, <TokenType.KILL: 'KILL'>, <TokenType.ORDINALITY: 'ORDINALITY'>, <TokenType.SETTINGS: 'SETTINGS'>, <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, <TokenType.AGGREGATEFUNCTION: 'AGGREGATEFUNCTION'>, <TokenType.END: 'END'>, <TokenType.MODEL: 'MODEL'>, <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, <TokenType.UPDATE: 'UPDATE'>, <TokenType.SEQUENCE: 'SEQUENCE'>, <TokenType.TDIGEST: 'TDIGEST'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_S: 'TIMESTAMP_S'>, <TokenType.USE: 'USE'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMINT: 'MEDIUMINT'>, <TokenType.NESTED: 'NESTED'>, <TokenType.COMMIT: 'COMMIT'>, <TokenType.GET: 'GET'>, <TokenType.ISNULL: 'ISNULL'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_SCHEMA: 'CURRENT_SCHEMA'>, <TokenType.TRUNCATE: 'TRUNCATE'>, <TokenType.TABLE: 'TABLE'>, <TokenType.VIEW: 'VIEW'>, <TokenType.RIGHT: 'RIGHT'>, <TokenType.SERIAL: 'SERIAL'>, <TokenType.VAR: 'VAR'>, <TokenType.UINT256: 'UINT256'>, <TokenType.TINYBLOB: 'TINYBLOB'>, <TokenType.ROWS: 'ROWS'>, <TokenType.DETACH: 'DETACH'>, <TokenType.DATE: 'DATE'>, <TokenType.SCHEMA: 'SCHEMA'>, <TokenType.TSMULTIRANGE: 'TSMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.XML: 'XML'>, <TokenType.DATETIME2: 'DATETIME2'>, <TokenType.LONGTEXT: 'LONGTEXT'>, <TokenType.ROLLUP: 'ROLLUP'>, <TokenType.STRUCT: 'STRUCT'>, <TokenType.ANTI: 'ANTI'>, <TokenType.HSTORE: 'HSTORE'>, <TokenType.STAGE: 'STAGE'>, <TokenType.ARRAY: 'ARRAY'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, <TokenType.CONSTRAINT: 'CONSTRAINT'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPNTZ: 'TIMESTAMPNTZ'>}
TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS = {<TokenType.DATE32: 'DATE32'>, <TokenType.MULTIPOLYGON: 'MULTIPOLYGON'>, <TokenType.HLLSKETCH: 'HLLSKETCH'>, <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, <TokenType.USERDEFINED: 'USERDEFINED'>, <TokenType.NAME: 'NAME'>, <TokenType.PIVOT: 'PIVOT'>, <TokenType.INT8MULTIRANGE: 'INT8MULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.JSON: 'JSON'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_TIME: 'CURRENT_TIME'>, <TokenType.BOOLEAN: 'BOOLEAN'>, <TokenType.RECURSIVE: 'RECURSIVE'>, <TokenType.IPV4: 'IPV4'>, <TokenType.NEXT: 'NEXT'>, <TokenType.BPCHAR: 'BPCHAR'>, <TokenType.DESC: 'DESC'>, <TokenType.DIV: 'DIV'>, <TokenType.ANY: 'ANY'>, <TokenType.INT128: 'INT128'>, <TokenType.DELETE: 'DELETE'>, <TokenType.FIXEDSTRING: 'FIXEDSTRING'>, <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, <TokenType.FUNCTION: 'FUNCTION'>, <TokenType.COLLATE: 'COLLATE'>, <TokenType.INT4RANGE: 'INT4RANGE'>, <TokenType.VARIANT: 'VARIANT'>, <TokenType.BINARY: 'BINARY'>, <TokenType.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>, <TokenType.OVERWRITE: 'OVERWRITE'>, <TokenType.GEOMETRY: 'GEOMETRY'>, <TokenType.STRAIGHT_JOIN: 'STRAIGHT_JOIN'>, <TokenType.PUT: 'PUT'>, <TokenType.EXPORT: 'EXPORT'>, <TokenType.RENAME: 'RENAME'>, <TokenType.DESCRIBE: 'DESCRIBE'>, <TokenType.PSEUDO_TYPE: 'PSEUDO_TYPE'>, <TokenType.SMALLSERIAL: 'SMALLSERIAL'>, <TokenType.STORAGE_INTEGRATION: 'STORAGE_INTEGRATION'>, <TokenType.RING: 'RING'>, <TokenType.TIME: 'TIME'>, <TokenType.ASC: 'ASC'>, <TokenType.OBJECT_IDENTIFIER: 'OBJECT_IDENTIFIER'>, <TokenType.COMMENT: 'COMMENT'>, <TokenType.ENUM8: 'ENUM8'>, <TokenType.ATTACH: 'ATTACH'>, <TokenType.COLUMN: 'COLUMN'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMBLOB: 'MEDIUMBLOB'>, <TokenType.BIGINT: 'BIGINT'>, <TokenType.LOAD: 'LOAD'>, <TokenType.JSONB: 'JSONB'>, <TokenType.IPPREFIX: 'IPPREFIX'>, <TokenType.FALSE: 'FALSE'>, <TokenType.BIGSERIAL: 'BIGSERIAL'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_NS: 'TIMESTAMP_NS'>, <TokenType.SOME: 'SOME'>, <TokenType.UNNEST: 'UNNEST'>, <TokenType.INTERVAL: 'INTERVAL'>, <TokenType.IDENTIFIER: 'IDENTIFIER'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ: 'TIMESTAMPTZ'>, <TokenType.DATETIME: 'DATETIME'>, <TokenType.PRAGMA: 'PRAGMA'>, <TokenType.POINT: 'POINT'>, <TokenType.DYNAMIC: 'DYNAMIC'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_DATETIME: 'CURRENT_DATETIME'>, <TokenType.LIMIT: 'LIMIT'>, <TokenType.FIRST: 'FIRST'>, <TokenType.OPERATOR: 'OPERATOR'>, <TokenType.PROCEDURE: 'PROCEDURE'>, <TokenType.DATETIME64: 'DATETIME64'>, <TokenType.REFERENCES: 'REFERENCES'>, <TokenType.PARTITION: 'PARTITION'>, <TokenType.SMALLMONEY: 'SMALLMONEY'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMTEXT: 'MEDIUMTEXT'>, <TokenType.SUPER: 'SUPER'>, <TokenType.SOURCE: 'SOURCE'>, <TokenType.UMEDIUMINT: 'UMEDIUMINT'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_USER: 'CURRENT_USER'>, <TokenType.ROWVERSION: 'ROWVERSION'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_TIMESTAMP: 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'>, <TokenType.NULLABLE: 'NULLABLE'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_DATE: 'CURRENT_DATE'>, <TokenType.LOWCARDINALITY: 'LOWCARDINALITY'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL64: 'DECIMAL64'>, <TokenType.LINESTRING: 'LINESTRING'>, <TokenType.TRUE: 'TRUE'>, <TokenType.UINT128: 'UINT128'>, <TokenType.UBIGINT: 'UBIGINT'>, <TokenType.RANGE: 'RANGE'>, <TokenType.COPY: 'COPY'>, <TokenType.USMALLINT: 'USMALLINT'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP: 'TIMESTAMP'>, <TokenType.BIGDECIMAL: 'BIGDECIMAL'>, <TokenType.SINK: 'SINK'>, <TokenType.SMALLDATETIME: 'SMALLDATETIME'>, <TokenType.TSRANGE: 'TSRANGE'>, <TokenType.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>, <TokenType.BIT: 'BIT'>, <TokenType.POLYGON: 'POLYGON'>, <TokenType.ENUM: 'ENUM'>, <TokenType.CASE: 'CASE'>, <TokenType.TOP: 'TOP'>, <TokenType.LIST: 'LIST'>, <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, <TokenType.YEAR: 'YEAR'>, <TokenType.UNIQUE: 'UNIQUE'>, <TokenType.INET: 'INET'>, <TokenType.FOREIGN_KEY: 'FOREIGN_KEY'>, <TokenType.EXECUTE: 'EXECUTE'>, <TokenType.VECTOR: 'VECTOR'>, <TokenType.TIMETZ: 'TIMETZ'>, <TokenType.ENUM16: 'ENUM16'>, <TokenType.FORMAT: 'FORMAT'>, <TokenType.STREAMLIT: 'STREAMLIT'>, <TokenType.NUMRANGE: 'NUMRANGE'>, <TokenType.GEOGRAPHY: 'GEOGRAPHY'>, <TokenType.INT256: 'INT256'>, <TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT: 'AUTO_INCREMENT'>, <TokenType.UNPIVOT: 'UNPIVOT'>, <TokenType.MULTILINESTRING: 'MULTILINESTRING'>, <TokenType.REPLACE: 'REPLACE'>, <TokenType.TINYTEXT: 'TINYTEXT'>, <TokenType.OVERLAPS: 'OVERLAPS'>, <TokenType.SIMPLEAGGREGATEFUNCTION: 'SIMPLEAGGREGATEFUNCTION'>, <TokenType.IMAGE: 'IMAGE'>, <TokenType.REFRESH: 'REFRESH'>, <TokenType.MERGE: 'MERGE'>, <TokenType.INT8RANGE: 'INT8RANGE'>, <TokenType.UINT: 'UINT'>, <TokenType.MAP: 'MAP'>, <TokenType.ESCAPE: 'ESCAPE'>, <TokenType.NCHAR: 'NCHAR'>, <TokenType.NOTHING: 'NOTHING'>, <TokenType.UDOUBLE: 'UDOUBLE'>, <TokenType.VOID: 'VOID'>, <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, <TokenType.NULL: 'NULL'>, <TokenType.IPV6: 'IPV6'>, <TokenType.MONEY: 'MONEY'>, <TokenType.DATEMULTIRANGE: 'DATEMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPLTZ: 'TIMESTAMPLTZ'>, <TokenType.TSTZMULTIRANGE: 'TSTZMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL256: 'DECIMAL256'>, <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, <TokenType.WAREHOUSE: 'WAREHOUSE'>, <TokenType.KEEP: 'KEEP'>, <TokenType.BLOB: 'BLOB'>, <TokenType.CUBE: 'CUBE'>, <TokenType.TEMPORARY: 'TEMPORARY'>, <TokenType.DICTIONARY: 'DICTIONARY'>, <TokenType.FILTER: 'FILTER'>, <TokenType.UNKNOWN: 'UNKNOWN'>, <TokenType.FINAL: 'FINAL'>, <TokenType.UTINYINT: 'UTINYINT'>, <TokenType.INDEX: 'INDEX'>, <TokenType.NAMESPACE: 'NAMESPACE'>, <TokenType.CHAR: 'CHAR'>, <TokenType.UDECIMAL: 'UDECIMAL'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_MS: 'TIMESTAMP_MS'>, <TokenType.IS: 'IS'>, <TokenType.VOLATILE: 'VOLATILE'>, <TokenType.NVARCHAR: 'NVARCHAR'>, <TokenType.LONGBLOB: 'LONGBLOB'>, <TokenType.INT4MULTIRANGE: 'INT4MULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.EXISTS: 'EXISTS'>, <TokenType.TAG: 'TAG'>, <TokenType.NUMMULTIRANGE: 'NUMMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.CACHE: 'CACHE'>, <TokenType.PERCENT: 'PERCENT'>, <TokenType.SHOW: 'SHOW'>, <TokenType.FILE_FORMAT: 'FILE_FORMAT'>, <TokenType.OBJECT: 'OBJECT'>, <TokenType.DEFAULT: 'DEFAULT'>, <TokenType.OFFSET: 'OFFSET'>, <TokenType.DATERANGE: 'DATERANGE'>, <TokenType.TSTZRANGE: 'TSTZRANGE'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL32: 'DECIMAL32'>, <TokenType.UUID: 'UUID'>, <TokenType.SEMI: 'SEMI'>, <TokenType.SET: 'SET'>, <TokenType.ALL: 'ALL'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL128: 'DECIMAL128'>, <TokenType.IPADDRESS: 'IPADDRESS'>, <TokenType.DATABASE: 'DATABASE'>, <TokenType.ROW: 'ROW'>, <TokenType.KILL: 'KILL'>, <TokenType.ORDINALITY: 'ORDINALITY'>, <TokenType.SETTINGS: 'SETTINGS'>, <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, <TokenType.AGGREGATEFUNCTION: 'AGGREGATEFUNCTION'>, <TokenType.END: 'END'>, <TokenType.MODEL: 'MODEL'>, <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, <TokenType.UPDATE: 'UPDATE'>, <TokenType.SEQUENCE: 'SEQUENCE'>, <TokenType.TDIGEST: 'TDIGEST'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_S: 'TIMESTAMP_S'>, <TokenType.USE: 'USE'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMINT: 'MEDIUMINT'>, <TokenType.NESTED: 'NESTED'>, <TokenType.COMMIT: 'COMMIT'>, <TokenType.GET: 'GET'>, <TokenType.ISNULL: 'ISNULL'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_SCHEMA: 'CURRENT_SCHEMA'>, <TokenType.TRUNCATE: 'TRUNCATE'>, <TokenType.TABLE: 'TABLE'>, <TokenType.VIEW: 'VIEW'>, <TokenType.SERIAL: 'SERIAL'>, <TokenType.VAR: 'VAR'>, <TokenType.UINT256: 'UINT256'>, <TokenType.TINYBLOB: 'TINYBLOB'>, <TokenType.ROWS: 'ROWS'>, <TokenType.DETACH: 'DETACH'>, <TokenType.DATE: 'DATE'>, <TokenType.SCHEMA: 'SCHEMA'>, <TokenType.TSMULTIRANGE: 'TSMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.XML: 'XML'>, <TokenType.DATETIME2: 'DATETIME2'>, <TokenType.LONGTEXT: 'LONGTEXT'>, <TokenType.ROLLUP: 'ROLLUP'>, <TokenType.STRUCT: 'STRUCT'>, <TokenType.ANTI: 'ANTI'>, <TokenType.HSTORE: 'HSTORE'>, <TokenType.STAGE: 'STAGE'>, <TokenType.ARRAY: 'ARRAY'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, <TokenType.CONSTRAINT: 'CONSTRAINT'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPNTZ: 'TIMESTAMPNTZ'>}
COMMENT_TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS = {<TokenType.DATE32: 'DATE32'>, <TokenType.MULTIPOLYGON: 'MULTIPOLYGON'>, <TokenType.HLLSKETCH: 'HLLSKETCH'>, <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, <TokenType.USERDEFINED: 'USERDEFINED'>, <TokenType.NAME: 'NAME'>, <TokenType.PIVOT: 'PIVOT'>, <TokenType.INT8MULTIRANGE: 'INT8MULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.JSON: 'JSON'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_TIME: 'CURRENT_TIME'>, <TokenType.BOOLEAN: 'BOOLEAN'>, <TokenType.RECURSIVE: 'RECURSIVE'>, <TokenType.IPV4: 'IPV4'>, <TokenType.NEXT: 'NEXT'>, <TokenType.BPCHAR: 'BPCHAR'>, <TokenType.DESC: 'DESC'>, <TokenType.DIV: 'DIV'>, <TokenType.ANY: 'ANY'>, <TokenType.INT128: 'INT128'>, <TokenType.DELETE: 'DELETE'>, <TokenType.FIXEDSTRING: 'FIXEDSTRING'>, <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, <TokenType.FUNCTION: 'FUNCTION'>, <TokenType.COLLATE: 'COLLATE'>, <TokenType.INT4RANGE: 'INT4RANGE'>, <TokenType.VARIANT: 'VARIANT'>, <TokenType.BINARY: 'BINARY'>, <TokenType.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>, <TokenType.OVERWRITE: 'OVERWRITE'>, <TokenType.GEOMETRY: 'GEOMETRY'>, <TokenType.PUT: 'PUT'>, <TokenType.EXPORT: 'EXPORT'>, <TokenType.RENAME: 'RENAME'>, <TokenType.DESCRIBE: 'DESCRIBE'>, <TokenType.PSEUDO_TYPE: 'PSEUDO_TYPE'>, <TokenType.SMALLSERIAL: 'SMALLSERIAL'>, <TokenType.STORAGE_INTEGRATION: 'STORAGE_INTEGRATION'>, <TokenType.RING: 'RING'>, <TokenType.TIME: 'TIME'>, <TokenType.ASC: 'ASC'>, <TokenType.OBJECT_IDENTIFIER: 'OBJECT_IDENTIFIER'>, <TokenType.COMMENT: 'COMMENT'>, <TokenType.ENUM8: 'ENUM8'>, <TokenType.ATTACH: 'ATTACH'>, <TokenType.COLUMN: 'COLUMN'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMBLOB: 'MEDIUMBLOB'>, <TokenType.BIGINT: 'BIGINT'>, <TokenType.LOAD: 'LOAD'>, <TokenType.JSONB: 'JSONB'>, <TokenType.IPPREFIX: 'IPPREFIX'>, <TokenType.FALSE: 'FALSE'>, <TokenType.BIGSERIAL: 'BIGSERIAL'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_NS: 'TIMESTAMP_NS'>, <TokenType.SOME: 'SOME'>, <TokenType.UNNEST: 'UNNEST'>, <TokenType.INTERVAL: 'INTERVAL'>, <TokenType.IDENTIFIER: 'IDENTIFIER'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ: 'TIMESTAMPTZ'>, <TokenType.DATETIME: 'DATETIME'>, <TokenType.PRAGMA: 'PRAGMA'>, <TokenType.POINT: 'POINT'>, <TokenType.DYNAMIC: 'DYNAMIC'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_DATETIME: 'CURRENT_DATETIME'>, <TokenType.LIMIT: 'LIMIT'>, <TokenType.FIRST: 'FIRST'>, <TokenType.OPERATOR: 'OPERATOR'>, <TokenType.PROCEDURE: 'PROCEDURE'>, <TokenType.DATETIME64: 'DATETIME64'>, <TokenType.REFERENCES: 'REFERENCES'>, <TokenType.PARTITION: 'PARTITION'>, <TokenType.SMALLMONEY: 'SMALLMONEY'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMTEXT: 'MEDIUMTEXT'>, <TokenType.SUPER: 'SUPER'>, <TokenType.SOURCE: 'SOURCE'>, <TokenType.UMEDIUMINT: 'UMEDIUMINT'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_USER: 'CURRENT_USER'>, <TokenType.ROWVERSION: 'ROWVERSION'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_TIMESTAMP: 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'>, <TokenType.NULLABLE: 'NULLABLE'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_DATE: 'CURRENT_DATE'>, <TokenType.LOWCARDINALITY: 'LOWCARDINALITY'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL64: 'DECIMAL64'>, <TokenType.LINESTRING: 'LINESTRING'>, <TokenType.TRUE: 'TRUE'>, <TokenType.UINT128: 'UINT128'>, <TokenType.UBIGINT: 'UBIGINT'>, <TokenType.RANGE: 'RANGE'>, <TokenType.COPY: 'COPY'>, <TokenType.USMALLINT: 'USMALLINT'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP: 'TIMESTAMP'>, <TokenType.BIGDECIMAL: 'BIGDECIMAL'>, <TokenType.SINK: 'SINK'>, <TokenType.SMALLDATETIME: 'SMALLDATETIME'>, <TokenType.TSRANGE: 'TSRANGE'>, <TokenType.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>, <TokenType.BIT: 'BIT'>, <TokenType.POLYGON: 'POLYGON'>, <TokenType.ENUM: 'ENUM'>, <TokenType.CASE: 'CASE'>, <TokenType.TOP: 'TOP'>, <TokenType.LIST: 'LIST'>, <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, <TokenType.YEAR: 'YEAR'>, <TokenType.UNIQUE: 'UNIQUE'>, <TokenType.INET: 'INET'>, <TokenType.FOREIGN_KEY: 'FOREIGN_KEY'>, <TokenType.EXECUTE: 'EXECUTE'>, <TokenType.VECTOR: 'VECTOR'>, <TokenType.TIMETZ: 'TIMETZ'>, <TokenType.ENUM16: 'ENUM16'>, <TokenType.FORMAT: 'FORMAT'>, <TokenType.STREAMLIT: 'STREAMLIT'>, <TokenType.NUMRANGE: 'NUMRANGE'>, <TokenType.GEOGRAPHY: 'GEOGRAPHY'>, <TokenType.INT256: 'INT256'>, <TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT: 'AUTO_INCREMENT'>, <TokenType.UNPIVOT: 'UNPIVOT'>, <TokenType.MULTILINESTRING: 'MULTILINESTRING'>, <TokenType.REPLACE: 'REPLACE'>, <TokenType.TINYTEXT: 'TINYTEXT'>, <TokenType.OVERLAPS: 'OVERLAPS'>, <TokenType.SIMPLEAGGREGATEFUNCTION: 'SIMPLEAGGREGATEFUNCTION'>, <TokenType.IMAGE: 'IMAGE'>, <TokenType.REFRESH: 'REFRESH'>, <TokenType.MERGE: 'MERGE'>, <TokenType.INT8RANGE: 'INT8RANGE'>, <TokenType.UINT: 'UINT'>, <TokenType.MAP: 'MAP'>, <TokenType.ESCAPE: 'ESCAPE'>, <TokenType.NCHAR: 'NCHAR'>, <TokenType.NOTHING: 'NOTHING'>, <TokenType.UDOUBLE: 'UDOUBLE'>, <TokenType.VOID: 'VOID'>, <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, <TokenType.NULL: 'NULL'>, <TokenType.IPV6: 'IPV6'>, <TokenType.MONEY: 'MONEY'>, <TokenType.DATEMULTIRANGE: 'DATEMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPLTZ: 'TIMESTAMPLTZ'>, <TokenType.TSTZMULTIRANGE: 'TSTZMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL256: 'DECIMAL256'>, <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, <TokenType.WAREHOUSE: 'WAREHOUSE'>, <TokenType.KEEP: 'KEEP'>, <TokenType.BLOB: 'BLOB'>, <TokenType.CUBE: 'CUBE'>, <TokenType.TEMPORARY: 'TEMPORARY'>, <TokenType.DICTIONARY: 'DICTIONARY'>, <TokenType.FILTER: 'FILTER'>, <TokenType.UNKNOWN: 'UNKNOWN'>, <TokenType.FINAL: 'FINAL'>, <TokenType.UTINYINT: 'UTINYINT'>, <TokenType.INDEX: 'INDEX'>, <TokenType.NAMESPACE: 'NAMESPACE'>, <TokenType.CHAR: 'CHAR'>, <TokenType.UDECIMAL: 'UDECIMAL'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_MS: 'TIMESTAMP_MS'>, <TokenType.VOLATILE: 'VOLATILE'>, <TokenType.NVARCHAR: 'NVARCHAR'>, <TokenType.LONGBLOB: 'LONGBLOB'>, <TokenType.INT4MULTIRANGE: 'INT4MULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.EXISTS: 'EXISTS'>, <TokenType.TAG: 'TAG'>, <TokenType.NUMMULTIRANGE: 'NUMMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.CACHE: 'CACHE'>, <TokenType.PERCENT: 'PERCENT'>, <TokenType.SHOW: 'SHOW'>, <TokenType.FILE_FORMAT: 'FILE_FORMAT'>, <TokenType.OBJECT: 'OBJECT'>, <TokenType.DEFAULT: 'DEFAULT'>, <TokenType.OFFSET: 'OFFSET'>, <TokenType.DATERANGE: 'DATERANGE'>, <TokenType.TSTZRANGE: 'TSTZRANGE'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL32: 'DECIMAL32'>, <TokenType.UUID: 'UUID'>, <TokenType.SET: 'SET'>, <TokenType.ALL: 'ALL'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL128: 'DECIMAL128'>, <TokenType.IPADDRESS: 'IPADDRESS'>, <TokenType.DATABASE: 'DATABASE'>, <TokenType.ROW: 'ROW'>, <TokenType.KILL: 'KILL'>, <TokenType.ORDINALITY: 'ORDINALITY'>, <TokenType.SETTINGS: 'SETTINGS'>, <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, <TokenType.AGGREGATEFUNCTION: 'AGGREGATEFUNCTION'>, <TokenType.END: 'END'>, <TokenType.MODEL: 'MODEL'>, <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, <TokenType.UPDATE: 'UPDATE'>, <TokenType.SEQUENCE: 'SEQUENCE'>, <TokenType.TDIGEST: 'TDIGEST'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_S: 'TIMESTAMP_S'>, <TokenType.USE: 'USE'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMINT: 'MEDIUMINT'>, <TokenType.NESTED: 'NESTED'>, <TokenType.COMMIT: 'COMMIT'>, <TokenType.GET: 'GET'>, <TokenType.ISNULL: 'ISNULL'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_SCHEMA: 'CURRENT_SCHEMA'>, <TokenType.TRUNCATE: 'TRUNCATE'>, <TokenType.TABLE: 'TABLE'>, <TokenType.VIEW: 'VIEW'>, <TokenType.SERIAL: 'SERIAL'>, <TokenType.VAR: 'VAR'>, <TokenType.UINT256: 'UINT256'>, <TokenType.TINYBLOB: 'TINYBLOB'>, <TokenType.ROWS: 'ROWS'>, <TokenType.DETACH: 'DETACH'>, <TokenType.DATE: 'DATE'>, <TokenType.SCHEMA: 'SCHEMA'>, <TokenType.TSMULTIRANGE: 'TSMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.XML: 'XML'>, <TokenType.DATETIME2: 'DATETIME2'>, <TokenType.LONGTEXT: 'LONGTEXT'>, <TokenType.ROLLUP: 'ROLLUP'>, <TokenType.STRUCT: 'STRUCT'>, <TokenType.HSTORE: 'HSTORE'>, <TokenType.STAGE: 'STAGE'>, <TokenType.ARRAY: 'ARRAY'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, <TokenType.CONSTRAINT: 'CONSTRAINT'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPNTZ: 'TIMESTAMPNTZ'>}
UPDATE_ALIAS_TOKENS = {<TokenType.DATE32: 'DATE32'>, <TokenType.MULTIPOLYGON: 'MULTIPOLYGON'>, <TokenType.HLLSKETCH: 'HLLSKETCH'>, <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, <TokenType.USERDEFINED: 'USERDEFINED'>, <TokenType.NAME: 'NAME'>, <TokenType.PIVOT: 'PIVOT'>, <TokenType.INT8MULTIRANGE: 'INT8MULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.JSON: 'JSON'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_TIME: 'CURRENT_TIME'>, <TokenType.BOOLEAN: 'BOOLEAN'>, <TokenType.RECURSIVE: 'RECURSIVE'>, <TokenType.IPV4: 'IPV4'>, <TokenType.NEXT: 'NEXT'>, <TokenType.BPCHAR: 'BPCHAR'>, <TokenType.DESC: 'DESC'>, <TokenType.DIV: 'DIV'>, <TokenType.ANY: 'ANY'>, <TokenType.INT128: 'INT128'>, <TokenType.DELETE: 'DELETE'>, <TokenType.FIXEDSTRING: 'FIXEDSTRING'>, <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, <TokenType.FUNCTION: 'FUNCTION'>, <TokenType.COLLATE: 'COLLATE'>, <TokenType.INT4RANGE: 'INT4RANGE'>, <TokenType.VARIANT: 'VARIANT'>, <TokenType.BINARY: 'BINARY'>, <TokenType.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>, <TokenType.OVERWRITE: 'OVERWRITE'>, <TokenType.GEOMETRY: 'GEOMETRY'>, <TokenType.PUT: 'PUT'>, <TokenType.EXPORT: 'EXPORT'>, <TokenType.RENAME: 'RENAME'>, <TokenType.DESCRIBE: 'DESCRIBE'>, <TokenType.PSEUDO_TYPE: 'PSEUDO_TYPE'>, <TokenType.SMALLSERIAL: 'SMALLSERIAL'>, <TokenType.STORAGE_INTEGRATION: 'STORAGE_INTEGRATION'>, <TokenType.RING: 'RING'>, <TokenType.TIME: 'TIME'>, <TokenType.ASC: 'ASC'>, <TokenType.OBJECT_IDENTIFIER: 'OBJECT_IDENTIFIER'>, <TokenType.COMMENT: 'COMMENT'>, <TokenType.ENUM8: 'ENUM8'>, <TokenType.ATTACH: 'ATTACH'>, <TokenType.COLUMN: 'COLUMN'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMBLOB: 'MEDIUMBLOB'>, <TokenType.BIGINT: 'BIGINT'>, <TokenType.LOAD: 'LOAD'>, <TokenType.JSONB: 'JSONB'>, <TokenType.IPPREFIX: 'IPPREFIX'>, <TokenType.FALSE: 'FALSE'>, <TokenType.BIGSERIAL: 'BIGSERIAL'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_NS: 'TIMESTAMP_NS'>, <TokenType.SOME: 'SOME'>, <TokenType.UNNEST: 'UNNEST'>, <TokenType.INTERVAL: 'INTERVAL'>, <TokenType.IDENTIFIER: 'IDENTIFIER'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ: 'TIMESTAMPTZ'>, <TokenType.DATETIME: 'DATETIME'>, <TokenType.PRAGMA: 'PRAGMA'>, <TokenType.POINT: 'POINT'>, <TokenType.DYNAMIC: 'DYNAMIC'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_DATETIME: 'CURRENT_DATETIME'>, <TokenType.LIMIT: 'LIMIT'>, <TokenType.FIRST: 'FIRST'>, <TokenType.OPERATOR: 'OPERATOR'>, <TokenType.PROCEDURE: 'PROCEDURE'>, <TokenType.DATETIME64: 'DATETIME64'>, <TokenType.REFERENCES: 'REFERENCES'>, <TokenType.PARTITION: 'PARTITION'>, <TokenType.SMALLMONEY: 'SMALLMONEY'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMTEXT: 'MEDIUMTEXT'>, <TokenType.SUPER: 'SUPER'>, <TokenType.SOURCE: 'SOURCE'>, <TokenType.UMEDIUMINT: 'UMEDIUMINT'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_USER: 'CURRENT_USER'>, <TokenType.ROWVERSION: 'ROWVERSION'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_TIMESTAMP: 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'>, <TokenType.NULLABLE: 'NULLABLE'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_DATE: 'CURRENT_DATE'>, <TokenType.LOWCARDINALITY: 'LOWCARDINALITY'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL64: 'DECIMAL64'>, <TokenType.LINESTRING: 'LINESTRING'>, <TokenType.TRUE: 'TRUE'>, <TokenType.UINT128: 'UINT128'>, <TokenType.UBIGINT: 'UBIGINT'>, <TokenType.RANGE: 'RANGE'>, <TokenType.COPY: 'COPY'>, <TokenType.USMALLINT: 'USMALLINT'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP: 'TIMESTAMP'>, <TokenType.BIGDECIMAL: 'BIGDECIMAL'>, <TokenType.SINK: 'SINK'>, <TokenType.SMALLDATETIME: 'SMALLDATETIME'>, <TokenType.TSRANGE: 'TSRANGE'>, <TokenType.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>, <TokenType.BIT: 'BIT'>, <TokenType.POLYGON: 'POLYGON'>, <TokenType.ENUM: 'ENUM'>, <TokenType.CASE: 'CASE'>, <TokenType.TOP: 'TOP'>, <TokenType.LIST: 'LIST'>, <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, <TokenType.YEAR: 'YEAR'>, <TokenType.UNIQUE: 'UNIQUE'>, <TokenType.INET: 'INET'>, <TokenType.FOREIGN_KEY: 'FOREIGN_KEY'>, <TokenType.EXECUTE: 'EXECUTE'>, <TokenType.VECTOR: 'VECTOR'>, <TokenType.TIMETZ: 'TIMETZ'>, <TokenType.ENUM16: 'ENUM16'>, <TokenType.FORMAT: 'FORMAT'>, <TokenType.STREAMLIT: 'STREAMLIT'>, <TokenType.NUMRANGE: 'NUMRANGE'>, <TokenType.GEOGRAPHY: 'GEOGRAPHY'>, <TokenType.INT256: 'INT256'>, <TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT: 'AUTO_INCREMENT'>, <TokenType.UNPIVOT: 'UNPIVOT'>, <TokenType.MULTILINESTRING: 'MULTILINESTRING'>, <TokenType.REPLACE: 'REPLACE'>, <TokenType.TINYTEXT: 'TINYTEXT'>, <TokenType.OVERLAPS: 'OVERLAPS'>, <TokenType.SIMPLEAGGREGATEFUNCTION: 'SIMPLEAGGREGATEFUNCTION'>, <TokenType.IMAGE: 'IMAGE'>, <TokenType.REFRESH: 'REFRESH'>, <TokenType.MERGE: 'MERGE'>, <TokenType.INT8RANGE: 'INT8RANGE'>, <TokenType.UINT: 'UINT'>, <TokenType.MAP: 'MAP'>, <TokenType.ESCAPE: 'ESCAPE'>, <TokenType.NCHAR: 'NCHAR'>, <TokenType.NOTHING: 'NOTHING'>, <TokenType.UDOUBLE: 'UDOUBLE'>, <TokenType.VOID: 'VOID'>, <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, <TokenType.NULL: 'NULL'>, <TokenType.IPV6: 'IPV6'>, <TokenType.MONEY: 'MONEY'>, <TokenType.DATEMULTIRANGE: 'DATEMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPLTZ: 'TIMESTAMPLTZ'>, <TokenType.TSTZMULTIRANGE: 'TSTZMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL256: 'DECIMAL256'>, <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, <TokenType.WAREHOUSE: 'WAREHOUSE'>, <TokenType.KEEP: 'KEEP'>, <TokenType.BLOB: 'BLOB'>, <TokenType.CUBE: 'CUBE'>, <TokenType.TEMPORARY: 'TEMPORARY'>, <TokenType.DICTIONARY: 'DICTIONARY'>, <TokenType.FILTER: 'FILTER'>, <TokenType.UNKNOWN: 'UNKNOWN'>, <TokenType.FINAL: 'FINAL'>, <TokenType.UTINYINT: 'UTINYINT'>, <TokenType.INDEX: 'INDEX'>, <TokenType.NAMESPACE: 'NAMESPACE'>, <TokenType.CHAR: 'CHAR'>, <TokenType.UDECIMAL: 'UDECIMAL'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_MS: 'TIMESTAMP_MS'>, <TokenType.IS: 'IS'>, <TokenType.VOLATILE: 'VOLATILE'>, <TokenType.NVARCHAR: 'NVARCHAR'>, <TokenType.LONGBLOB: 'LONGBLOB'>, <TokenType.INT4MULTIRANGE: 'INT4MULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.EXISTS: 'EXISTS'>, <TokenType.TAG: 'TAG'>, <TokenType.NUMMULTIRANGE: 'NUMMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.CACHE: 'CACHE'>, <TokenType.PERCENT: 'PERCENT'>, <TokenType.SHOW: 'SHOW'>, <TokenType.FILE_FORMAT: 'FILE_FORMAT'>, <TokenType.OBJECT: 'OBJECT'>, <TokenType.DEFAULT: 'DEFAULT'>, <TokenType.OFFSET: 'OFFSET'>, <TokenType.DATERANGE: 'DATERANGE'>, <TokenType.TSTZRANGE: 'TSTZRANGE'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL32: 'DECIMAL32'>, <TokenType.UUID: 'UUID'>, <TokenType.ALL: 'ALL'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL128: 'DECIMAL128'>, <TokenType.IPADDRESS: 'IPADDRESS'>, <TokenType.DATABASE: 'DATABASE'>, <TokenType.ROW: 'ROW'>, <TokenType.KILL: 'KILL'>, <TokenType.ORDINALITY: 'ORDINALITY'>, <TokenType.SETTINGS: 'SETTINGS'>, <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, <TokenType.AGGREGATEFUNCTION: 'AGGREGATEFUNCTION'>, <TokenType.END: 'END'>, <TokenType.MODEL: 'MODEL'>, <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, <TokenType.UPDATE: 'UPDATE'>, <TokenType.SEQUENCE: 'SEQUENCE'>, <TokenType.TDIGEST: 'TDIGEST'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_S: 'TIMESTAMP_S'>, <TokenType.USE: 'USE'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMINT: 'MEDIUMINT'>, <TokenType.NESTED: 'NESTED'>, <TokenType.COMMIT: 'COMMIT'>, <TokenType.GET: 'GET'>, <TokenType.ISNULL: 'ISNULL'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_SCHEMA: 'CURRENT_SCHEMA'>, <TokenType.TRUNCATE: 'TRUNCATE'>, <TokenType.TABLE: 'TABLE'>, <TokenType.VIEW: 'VIEW'>, <TokenType.SERIAL: 'SERIAL'>, <TokenType.VAR: 'VAR'>, <TokenType.UINT256: 'UINT256'>, <TokenType.TINYBLOB: 'TINYBLOB'>, <TokenType.ROWS: 'ROWS'>, <TokenType.DETACH: 'DETACH'>, <TokenType.DATE: 'DATE'>, <TokenType.SCHEMA: 'SCHEMA'>, <TokenType.TSMULTIRANGE: 'TSMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.XML: 'XML'>, <TokenType.DATETIME2: 'DATETIME2'>, <TokenType.LONGTEXT: 'LONGTEXT'>, <TokenType.ROLLUP: 'ROLLUP'>, <TokenType.STRUCT: 'STRUCT'>, <TokenType.HSTORE: 'HSTORE'>, <TokenType.STAGE: 'STAGE'>, <TokenType.ARRAY: 'ARRAY'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, <TokenType.CONSTRAINT: 'CONSTRAINT'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPNTZ: 'TIMESTAMPNTZ'>}
FUNCTIONS = {'ABS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Abs'>>, 'ADD_MONTHS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AddMonths'>>, 'AND': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.And'>>, 'ANONYMOUS_AGG_FUNC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AnonymousAggFunc'>>, 'ANY_VALUE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AnyValue'>>, 'APPLY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Apply'>>, 'APPROX_DISTINCT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxDistinct'>>, 'APPROX_COUNT_DISTINCT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxDistinct'>>, 'APPROX_QUANTILE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxQuantile'>>, 'APPROX_TOP_K': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxTopK'>>, 'ARG_MAX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMax'>>, 'ARGMAX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMax'>>, 'MAX_BY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMax'>>, 'ARG_MIN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMin'>>, 'ARGMIN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMin'>>, 'MIN_BY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMin'>>, 'ARRAY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ARRAY_AGG': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ARRAY_ALL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayAll'>>, 'ARRAY_ANY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayAny'>>, 'ARRAY_CONCAT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayConcat'>>, 'ARRAY_CAT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayConcat'>>, 'ARRAY_CONCAT_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayConcatAgg'>>, 'ARRAY_CONSTRUCT_COMPACT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayConstructCompact'>>, 'ARRAY_CONTAINS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayContains'>>, 'ARRAY_HAS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayContains'>>, 'ARRAY_CONTAINS_ALL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayContainsAll'>>, 'ARRAY_HAS_ALL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayContainsAll'>>, 'FILTER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayFilter'>>, 'ARRAY_FILTER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayFilter'>>, 'ARRAY_INTERSECT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayIntersect'>>, 'ARRAY_INTERSECTION': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayIntersect'>>, 'ARRAY_OVERLAPS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayOverlaps'>>, 'ARRAY_REMOVE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayRemove'>>, 'ARRAY_SIZE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArraySize'>>, 'ARRAY_LENGTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArraySize'>>, 'ARRAY_SORT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArraySort'>>, 'ARRAY_SUM': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArraySum'>>, 'ARRAY_TO_STRING': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayToString'>>, 'ARRAY_JOIN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayToString'>>, 'ARRAY_UNION_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayUnionAgg'>>, 'ARRAY_UNIQUE_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayUniqueAgg'>>, 'AVG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Avg'>>, 'CASE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Case'>>, 'CAST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Cast'>>, 'CAST_TO_STR_TYPE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CastToStrType'>>, 'CBRT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Cbrt'>>, 'CEIL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Ceil'>>, 'CEILING': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Ceil'>>, 'CHR': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CHAR': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'COALESCE': <function build_coalesce>, 'IFNULL': <function build_coalesce>, 'NVL': <function build_coalesce>, 'COLLATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Collate'>>, 'COLUMNS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Columns'>>, 'COMBINED_AGG_FUNC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CombinedAggFunc'>>, 'COMBINED_PARAMETERIZED_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CombinedParameterizedAgg'>>, 'CONCAT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CONCAT_WS': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CONNECT_BY_ROOT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ConnectByRoot'>>, 'CONTAINS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Contains'>>, 'CONVERT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Convert'>>, 'CONVERT_TIMEZONE': <function build_convert_timezone>, 'CONVERT_TO_CHARSET': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ConvertToCharset'>>, 'CORR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Corr'>>, 'COUNT': <function TSQL.Parser.<lambda>>, 'COUNT_IF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CountIf'>>, 'COUNTIF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CountIf'>>, 'COVAR_POP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CovarPop'>>, 'COVAR_SAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CovarSamp'>>, 'CURRENT_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentDate'>>, 'CURRENT_DATETIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentDatetime'>>, 'CURRENT_SCHEMA': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentSchema'>>, 'CURRENT_TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentTime'>>, 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentTimestamp'>>, 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP_L_T_Z': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentTimestampLTZ'>>, 'CURRENT_USER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentUser'>>, 'DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Date'>>, 'DATE_ADD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateAdd'>>, 'DATE_BIN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateBin'>>, 'DATEDIFF': <function _build_date_delta.<locals>._builder>, 'DATE_DIFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateDiff'>>, 'DATE_FROM_PARTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateFromParts'>>, 'DATEFROMPARTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateFromParts'>>, 'DATE_STR_TO_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateStrToDate'>>, 'DATE_SUB': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateSub'>>, 'DATE_TO_DATE_STR': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DATE_TO_DI': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateToDi'>>, 'DATE_TRUNC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateTrunc'>>, 'DATETIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Datetime'>>, 'DATETIME_ADD': 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method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Int64'>>, 'IS_ASCII': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IsAscii'>>, 'IS_INF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IsInf'>>, 'ISINF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IsInf'>>, 'IS_NAN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IsNan'>>, 'ISNAN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IsNan'>>, 'J_S_O_N_ARRAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONArray'>>, 'J_S_O_N_ARRAY_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONArrayAgg'>>, 'JSON_ARRAY_CONTAINS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONArrayContains'>>, 'JSONB_CONTAINS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONBContains'>>, 'JSONB_EXISTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONBExists'>>, 'JSONB_EXTRACT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONBExtract'>>, 'JSONB_EXTRACT_SCALAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONBExtractScalar'>>, 'J_S_O_N_B_OBJECT_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONBObjectAgg'>>, 'J_S_O_N_CAST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONCast'>>, 'J_S_O_N_EXISTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONExists'>>, 'JSON_EXTRACT': <function build_extract_json_with_path.<locals>._builder>, 'JSON_EXTRACT_ARRAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONExtractArray'>>, 'JSON_EXTRACT_SCALAR': <function build_extract_json_with_path.<locals>._builder>, 'JSON_FORMAT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONFormat'>>, 'J_S_O_N_OBJECT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONObject'>>, 'J_S_O_N_OBJECT_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONObjectAgg'>>, 'J_S_O_N_TABLE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONTable'>>, 'J_S_O_N_VALUE_ARRAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONValueArray'>>, 'LAG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Lag'>>, 'LAST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Last'>>, 'LAST_DAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LastDay'>>, 'LAST_DAY_OF_MONTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LastDay'>>, 'LAST_VALUE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LastValue'>>, 'LEAD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Lead'>>, 'LEAST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Least'>>, 'LEFT': <function _build_with_arg_as_text.<locals>._parse>, 'LENGTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 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Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OpenJSON'>>, 'OR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Or'>>, 'OVERLAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Overlay'>>, 'PAD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Pad'>>, 'PARAMETERIZED_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ParameterizedAgg'>>, 'PARSE_JSON': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ParseJSON'>>, 'JSON_PARSE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ParseJSON'>>, 'PERCENTILE_CONT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PercentileCont'>>, 'PERCENTILE_DISC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PercentileDisc'>>, 'POSEXPLODE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Posexplode'>>, 'POSEXPLODE_OUTER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PosexplodeOuter'>>, 'POWER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Pow'>>, 'POW': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Pow'>>, 'PREDICT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Predict'>>, 'QUANTILE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Quantile'>>, 'QUARTER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Quarter'>>, 'RAND': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Rand'>>, 'RANDOM': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Rand'>>, 'RANDN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Randn'>>, 'RANGE_N': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RangeN'>>, 'READ_CSV': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ReadCSV'>>, 'REDUCE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Reduce'>>, 'REGEXP_EXTRACT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpExtract'>>, 'REGEXP_EXTRACT_ALL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpExtractAll'>>, 'REGEXP_I_LIKE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpILike'>>, 'REGEXP_LIKE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpLike'>>, 'REGEXP_REPLACE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpReplace'>>, 'REGEXP_SPLIT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpSplit'>>, 'REPEAT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Repeat'>>, 'REPLACE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Replace'>>, 'RIGHT': <function _build_with_arg_as_text.<locals>._parse>, 'ROUND': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Round'>>, 'ROW_NUMBER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RowNumber'>>, 'SHA': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SHA'>>, 'SHA1': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SHA'>>, 'SHA2': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SHA2'>>, 'SAFE_DIVIDE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SafeDivide'>>, 'SIGN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Sign'>>, 'SIGNUM': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Sign'>>, 'SORT_ARRAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SortArray'>>, 'SPLIT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Split'>>, 'SPLIT_PART': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SplitPart'>>, 'SQRT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Sqrt'>>, 'ST_DISTANCE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StDistance'>>, 'ST_POINT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StPoint'>>, 'ST_MAKEPOINT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StPoint'>>, 'STANDARD_HASH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StandardHash'>>, 'STAR_MAP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StarMap'>>, 'STARTS_WITH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StartsWith'>>, 'STARTSWITH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StartsWith'>>, 'STDDEV': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Stddev'>>, 'STDEV': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Stddev'>>, 'STDDEV_POP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StddevPop'>>, 'STDDEV_SAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StddevSamp'>>, 'STR_POSITION': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrPosition'>>, 'STR_TO_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToDate'>>, 'STR_TO_MAP': 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Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampFromParts'>>, 'TIMESTAMP_SUB': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampSub'>>, 'TIMESTAMP_TRUNC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampTrunc'>>, 'TO_ARRAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToArray'>>, 'TO_BASE64': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToBase64'>>, 'TO_CHAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToChar'>>, 'TO_DAYS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToDays'>>, 'TO_DOUBLE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToDouble'>>, 'TO_MAP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToMap'>>, 'TO_NUMBER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToNumber'>>, 'TRANSFORM': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Transform'>>, 'TRIM': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Trim'>>, 'TRY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Try'>>, 'TRY_CAST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TryCast'>>, 'TS_OR_DI_TO_DI': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDiToDi'>>, 'TS_OR_DS_ADD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsAdd'>>, 'TS_OR_DS_DIFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsDiff'>>, 'TS_OR_DS_TO_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsToDate'>>, 'TS_OR_DS_TO_DATE_STR': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TS_OR_DS_TO_DATETIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsToDatetime'>>, 'TS_OR_DS_TO_TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsToTime'>>, 'TS_OR_DS_TO_TIMESTAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsToTimestamp'>>, 'UNHEX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Unhex'>>, 'UNICODE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Unicode'>>, 'UNIX_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixDate'>>, 'UNIX_SECONDS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixSeconds'>>, 'UNIX_TO_STR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixToStr'>>, 'UNIX_TO_TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixToTime'>>, 'UNIX_TO_TIME_STR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixToTimeStr'>>, 'UNNEST': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'UPPER': <function build_upper>, 'UCASE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Upper'>>, 'UUID': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Uuid'>>, 'GEN_RANDOM_UUID': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Uuid'>>, 'GENERATE_UUID': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Uuid'>>, 'UUID_STRING': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Uuid'>>, 'VAR_MAP': <function build_var_map>, 'VARIANCE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Variance'>>, 'VARIANCE_SAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Variance'>>, 'VAR_SAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Variance'>>, 'VARIANCE_POP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VariancePop'>>, 'VAR_POP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VariancePop'>>, 'WEEK': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Week'>>, 'WEEK_OF_YEAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WeekOfYear'>>, 'WEEKOFYEAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WeekOfYear'>>, 'XMLELEMENT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.XMLElement'>>, 'X_M_L_TABLE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.XMLTable'>>, 'XOR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Xor'>>, 'YEAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Year'>>, 'ARRAYAGG': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'GLOB': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'JSON_EXTRACT_PATH_TEXT': <function build_extract_json_with_path.<locals>._builder>, 'LIKE': <function build_like>, 'LOG2': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LOG10': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LPAD': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LEFTPAD': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LTRIM': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'MOD': <function build_mod>, 'RIGHTPAD': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'RPAD': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'RTRIM': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SCOPE_RESOLUTION': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'STRPOS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrPosition'>>, 'CHARINDEX': <function TSQL.Parser.<lambda>>, 'INSTR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrPosition'>>, 'LOCATE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TO_HEX': <function build_hex>, 'COUNT_BIG': <function TSQL.Parser.<lambda>>, 'DATEADD': <function build_date_delta.<locals>._builder>, 'DATENAME': <function _build_formatted_time.<locals>._builder>, 'DATEPART': <function _build_formatted_time.<locals>._builder>, 'DATETIMEFROMPARTS': <function _build_datetimefromparts>, 'EOMONTH': <function _build_eomonth>, 'FORMAT': <function _build_format>, 'GETDATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentTimestamp'>>, 'HASHBYTES': <function _build_hashbytes>, 'ISNULL': <function TSQL.Parser.<lambda>>, 'JSON_QUERY': <function _build_json_query>, 'JSON_VALUE': <function build_extract_json_with_path.<locals>._builder>, 'NEWID': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Uuid'>>, 'PARSENAME': <function _build_parsename>, 'REPLICATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Repeat'>>, 'SCHEMA_NAME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentSchema'>>, 'SQUARE': <function TSQL.Parser.<lambda>>, 'SYSDATETIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentTimestamp'>>, 'SUSER_NAME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentUser'>>, 'SUSER_SNAME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentUser'>>, 'SYSDATETIMEOFFSET': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentTimestampLTZ'>>, 'SYSTEM_USER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentUser'>>, 'DATETRUNC': <function _build_datetrunc>}
JOIN_HINTS = {'REMOTE', 'HASH', 'MERGE', 'LOOP'}
PROCEDURE_OPTIONS = {'ENCRYPTION': (), 'RECOMPILE': (), 'SCHEMABINDING': (), 'NATIVE_COMPILATION': (), 'EXECUTE': ()}
COLUMN_DEFINITION_MODES = {'READ_ONLY', 'OUT', 'OUTPUT'}
RETURNS_TABLE_TOKENS = {<TokenType.PIVOT: 'PIVOT'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_TIME: 'CURRENT_TIME'>, <TokenType.RECURSIVE: 'RECURSIVE'>, <TokenType.NEXT: 'NEXT'>, <TokenType.DESC: 'DESC'>, <TokenType.DIV: 'DIV'>, <TokenType.ANY: 'ANY'>, <TokenType.DELETE: 'DELETE'>, <TokenType.FUNCTION: 'FUNCTION'>, <TokenType.COLLATE: 'COLLATE'>, <TokenType.OVERWRITE: 'OVERWRITE'>, <TokenType.PUT: 'PUT'>, <TokenType.EXPORT: 'EXPORT'>, <TokenType.RENAME: 'RENAME'>, <TokenType.DESCRIBE: 'DESCRIBE'>, <TokenType.STORAGE_INTEGRATION: 'STORAGE_INTEGRATION'>, <TokenType.ASC: 'ASC'>, <TokenType.COMMENT: 'COMMENT'>, <TokenType.ATTACH: 'ATTACH'>, <TokenType.COLUMN: 'COLUMN'>, <TokenType.LOAD: 'LOAD'>, <TokenType.FALSE: 'FALSE'>, <TokenType.SOME: 'SOME'>, <TokenType.UNNEST: 'UNNEST'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_DATETIME: 'CURRENT_DATETIME'>, <TokenType.IDENTIFIER: 'IDENTIFIER'>, <TokenType.PRAGMA: 'PRAGMA'>, <TokenType.LIMIT: 'LIMIT'>, <TokenType.FIRST: 'FIRST'>, <TokenType.OPERATOR: 'OPERATOR'>, <TokenType.PROCEDURE: 'PROCEDURE'>, <TokenType.REFERENCES: 'REFERENCES'>, <TokenType.PARTITION: 'PARTITION'>, <TokenType.SOURCE: 'SOURCE'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_USER: 'CURRENT_USER'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_TIMESTAMP: 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_DATE: 'CURRENT_DATE'>, <TokenType.TRUE: 'TRUE'>, <TokenType.WINDOW: 'WINDOW'>, <TokenType.COPY: 'COPY'>, <TokenType.SINK: 'SINK'>, <TokenType.CASE: 'CASE'>, <TokenType.TOP: 'TOP'>, <TokenType.NATURAL: 'NATURAL'>, <TokenType.UNIQUE: 'UNIQUE'>, <TokenType.FOREIGN_KEY: 'FOREIGN_KEY'>, <TokenType.EXECUTE: 'EXECUTE'>, <TokenType.FORMAT: 'FORMAT'>, <TokenType.STREAMLIT: 'STREAMLIT'>, <TokenType.UNPIVOT: 'UNPIVOT'>, <TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT: 'AUTO_INCREMENT'>, <TokenType.REPLACE: 'REPLACE'>, <TokenType.OVERLAPS: 'OVERLAPS'>, <TokenType.REFRESH: 'REFRESH'>, <TokenType.MERGE: 'MERGE'>, <TokenType.ESCAPE: 'ESCAPE'>, <TokenType.ASOF: 'ASOF'>, <TokenType.WAREHOUSE: 'WAREHOUSE'>, <TokenType.KEEP: 'KEEP'>, <TokenType.CUBE: 'CUBE'>, <TokenType.TEMPORARY: 'TEMPORARY'>, <TokenType.DICTIONARY: 'DICTIONARY'>, <TokenType.FILTER: 'FILTER'>, <TokenType.FINAL: 'FINAL'>, <TokenType.INDEX: 'INDEX'>, <TokenType.NAMESPACE: 'NAMESPACE'>, <TokenType.APPLY: 'APPLY'>, <TokenType.IS: 'IS'>, <TokenType.VOLATILE: 'VOLATILE'>, <TokenType.EXISTS: 'EXISTS'>, <TokenType.TAG: 'TAG'>, <TokenType.CACHE: 'CACHE'>, <TokenType.PERCENT: 'PERCENT'>, <TokenType.SHOW: 'SHOW'>, <TokenType.FILE_FORMAT: 'FILE_FORMAT'>, <TokenType.FULL: 'FULL'>, <TokenType.DEFAULT: 'DEFAULT'>, <TokenType.OFFSET: 'OFFSET'>, <TokenType.SEMI: 'SEMI'>, <TokenType.SET: 'SET'>, <TokenType.ALL: 'ALL'>, <TokenType.LEFT: 'LEFT'>, <TokenType.DATABASE: 'DATABASE'>, <TokenType.ROW: 'ROW'>, <TokenType.KILL: 'KILL'>, <TokenType.ORDINALITY: 'ORDINALITY'>, <TokenType.SETTINGS: 'SETTINGS'>, <TokenType.END: 'END'>, <TokenType.MODEL: 'MODEL'>, <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, <TokenType.UPDATE: 'UPDATE'>, <TokenType.SEQUENCE: 'SEQUENCE'>, <TokenType.USE: 'USE'>, <TokenType.COMMIT: 'COMMIT'>, <TokenType.GET: 'GET'>, <TokenType.ISNULL: 'ISNULL'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_SCHEMA: 'CURRENT_SCHEMA'>, <TokenType.TRUNCATE: 'TRUNCATE'>, <TokenType.VIEW: 'VIEW'>, <TokenType.RIGHT: 'RIGHT'>, <TokenType.VAR: 'VAR'>, <TokenType.ROWS: 'ROWS'>, <TokenType.DETACH: 'DETACH'>, <TokenType.SCHEMA: 'SCHEMA'>, <TokenType.BEGIN: 'BEGIN'>, <TokenType.ROLLUP: 'ROLLUP'>, <TokenType.ANTI: 'ANTI'>, <TokenType.STAGE: 'STAGE'>, <TokenType.CONSTRAINT: 'CONSTRAINT'>}
STATEMENT_PARSERS = {<TokenType.ALTER: 'ALTER'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.ANALYZE: 'ANALYZE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.BEGIN: 'BEGIN'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.CACHE: 'CACHE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.COMMENT: 'COMMENT'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.COMMIT: 'COMMIT'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.COPY: 'COPY'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.CREATE: 'CREATE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.DELETE: 'DELETE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.DESC: 'DESC'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.DESCRIBE: 'DESCRIBE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.DROP: 'DROP'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.GRANT: 'GRANT'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.INSERT: 'INSERT'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.KILL: 'KILL'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.LOAD: 'LOAD'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.MERGE: 'MERGE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.PIVOT: 'PIVOT'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.PRAGMA: 'PRAGMA'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.REFRESH: 'REFRESH'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.ROLLBACK: 'ROLLBACK'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.SET: 'SET'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.TRUNCATE: 'TRUNCATE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.UNCACHE: 'UNCACHE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.UNPIVOT: 'UNPIVOT'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.UPDATE: 'UPDATE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.USE: 'USE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.SEMICOLON: 'SEMICOLON'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.DECLARE: 'DECLARE'>: <function TSQL.Parser.<lambda>>}
RANGE_PARSERS = {<TokenType.AT_GT: 'AT_GT'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>._parse_binary_range>, <TokenType.BETWEEN: 'BETWEEN'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.GLOB: 'GLOB'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>._parse_binary_range>, <TokenType.ILIKE: 'ILIKE'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>._parse_binary_range>, <TokenType.IN: 'IN'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.IRLIKE: 'IRLIKE'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>._parse_binary_range>, <TokenType.IS: 'IS'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.LIKE: 'LIKE'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>._parse_binary_range>, <TokenType.LT_AT: 'LT_AT'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>._parse_binary_range>, <TokenType.OVERLAPS: 'OVERLAPS'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>._parse_binary_range>, <TokenType.RLIKE: 'RLIKE'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>._parse_binary_range>, <TokenType.SIMILAR_TO: 'SIMILAR_TO'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>._parse_binary_range>, <TokenType.FOR: 'FOR'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.DCOLON: 'DCOLON'>: <function TSQL.Parser.<lambda>>}
NO_PAREN_FUNCTION_PARSERS = {'ANY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CASE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CONNECT_BY_ROOT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'IF': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'NEXT': <function TSQL.Parser.<lambda>>}
COLUMN_OPERATORS = {<TokenType.DOT: 'DOT'>: None, <TokenType.DOTCOLON: 'DOTCOLON'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.DCOLON: 'DCOLON'>: <function TSQL.Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.ARROW: 'ARROW'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.DARROW: 'DARROW'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.HASH_ARROW: 'HASH_ARROW'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.DHASH_ARROW: 'DHASH_ARROW'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.PLACEHOLDER: 'PLACEHOLDER'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>}
SHOW_TRIE: Dict = {}
SET_TRIE: Dict = {'GLOBAL': {0: True}, 'LOCAL': {0: True}, 'SESSION': {0: True}, 'TRANSACTION': {0: True}}
Inherited Members
sqlglot.parser.Parser
Parser
NO_PAREN_FUNCTIONS
STRUCT_TYPE_TOKENS
NESTED_TYPE_TOKENS
ENUM_TYPE_TOKENS
AGGREGATE_TYPE_TOKENS
TYPE_TOKENS
SIGNED_TO_UNSIGNED_TYPE_TOKEN
SUBQUERY_PREDICATES
RESERVED_TOKENS
DB_CREATABLES
CREATABLES
ALTERABLES
COLON_PLACEHOLDER_TOKENS
ARRAY_CONSTRUCTORS
TRIM_TYPES
FUNC_TOKENS
CONJUNCTION
ASSIGNMENT
DISJUNCTION
EQUALITY
COMPARISON
BITWISE
TERM
FACTOR
EXPONENT
TIMES
TIMESTAMPS
SET_OPERATIONS
JOIN_METHODS
JOIN_SIDES
JOIN_KINDS
LAMBDAS
EXPRESSION_PARSERS
UNARY_PARSERS
STRING_PARSERS
NUMERIC_PARSERS
PRIMARY_PARSERS
PLACEHOLDER_PARSERS
PIPE_SYNTAX_TRANSFORM_PARSERS
PROPERTY_PARSERS
CONSTRAINT_PARSERS
ALTER_PARSERS
ALTER_ALTER_PARSERS
SCHEMA_UNNAMED_CONSTRAINTS
INVALID_FUNC_NAME_TOKENS
FUNCTIONS_WITH_ALIASED_ARGS
KEY_VALUE_DEFINITIONS
FUNCTION_PARSERS
SET_PARSERS
SHOW_PARSERS
TYPE_LITERAL_PARSERS
TYPE_CONVERTERS
DDL_SELECT_TOKENS
PRE_VOLATILE_TOKENS
TRANSACTION_KIND
TRANSACTION_CHARACTERISTICS
CONFLICT_ACTIONS
CREATE_SEQUENCE
ISOLATED_LOADING_OPTIONS
USABLES
CAST_ACTIONS
SCHEMA_BINDING_OPTIONS
EXECUTE_AS_OPTIONS
KEY_CONSTRAINT_OPTIONS
WINDOW_EXCLUDE_OPTIONS
INSERT_ALTERNATIVES
CLONE_KEYWORDS
HISTORICAL_DATA_PREFIX
HISTORICAL_DATA_KIND
OPCLASS_FOLLOW_KEYWORDS
OPTYPE_FOLLOW_TOKENS
TABLE_INDEX_HINT_TOKENS
VIEW_ATTRIBUTES
WINDOW_ALIAS_TOKENS
WINDOW_BEFORE_PAREN_TOKENS
WINDOW_SIDES
JSON_KEY_VALUE_SEPARATOR_TOKENS
FETCH_TOKENS
ADD_CONSTRAINT_TOKENS
DISTINCT_TOKENS
NULL_TOKENS
UNNEST_OFFSET_ALIAS_TOKENS
SELECT_START_TOKENS
COPY_INTO_VARLEN_OPTIONS
IS_JSON_PREDICATE_KIND
ODBC_DATETIME_LITERALS
ON_CONDITION_TOKENS
PRIVILEGE_FOLLOW_TOKENS
DESCRIBE_STYLES
ANALYZE_STYLES
ANALYZE_EXPRESSION_PARSERS
PARTITION_KEYWORDS
AMBIGUOUS_ALIAS_TOKENS
OPERATION_MODIFIERS
RECURSIVE_CTE_SEARCH_KIND
MODIFIABLES
STRICT_CAST
PREFIXED_PIVOT_COLUMNS
IDENTIFY_PIVOT_STRINGS
TABLESAMPLE_CSV
DEFAULT_SAMPLING_METHOD
TRIM_PATTERN_FIRST
MODIFIERS_ATTACHED_TO_SET_OP
SET_OP_MODIFIERS
JSON_ARROWS_REQUIRE_JSON_TYPE
COLON_IS_VARIANT_EXTRACT
VALUES_FOLLOWED_BY_PAREN
SUPPORTS_IMPLICIT_UNNEST
INTERVAL_SPANS
SUPPORTS_PARTITION_SELECTION
WRAPPED_TRANSFORM_COLUMN_CONSTRAINT
OPTIONAL_ALIAS_TOKEN_CTE
ALTER_RENAME_REQUIRES_COLUMN
JOINS_HAVE_EQUAL_PRECEDENCE
ZONE_AWARE_TIMESTAMP_CONSTRUCTOR
error_level
error_message_context
max_errors
dialect
reset
parse
parse_into
check_errors
raise_error
expression
validate_expression
parse_set_operation
errors
sql
class TSQL.Generator(sqlglot.generator.Generator):
 951    class Generator(generator.Generator):
 952        LIMIT_IS_TOP = True
 953        QUERY_HINTS = False
 954        RETURNING_END = False
 955        NVL2_SUPPORTED = False
 956        ALTER_TABLE_INCLUDE_COLUMN_KEYWORD = False
 957        LIMIT_FETCH = "FETCH"
 958        COMPUTED_COLUMN_WITH_TYPE = False
 959        CTE_RECURSIVE_KEYWORD_REQUIRED = False
 960        ENSURE_BOOLS = True
 961        NULL_ORDERING_SUPPORTED = None
 962        SUPPORTS_SINGLE_ARG_CONCAT = False
 963        TABLESAMPLE_SEED_KEYWORD = "REPEATABLE"
 964        SUPPORTS_SELECT_INTO = True
 965        JSON_PATH_BRACKETED_KEY_SUPPORTED = False
 966        SUPPORTS_TO_NUMBER = False
 967        SET_OP_MODIFIERS = False
 968        COPY_PARAMS_EQ_REQUIRED = True
 969        PARSE_JSON_NAME = None
 970        EXCEPT_INTERSECT_SUPPORT_ALL_CLAUSE = False
 971        ALTER_SET_WRAPPED = True
 972        ALTER_SET_TYPE = ""
 973
 974        EXPRESSIONS_WITHOUT_NESTED_CTES = {
 975            exp.Create,
 976            exp.Delete,
 977            exp.Insert,
 978            exp.Intersect,
 979            exp.Except,
 980            exp.Merge,
 981            exp.Select,
 982            exp.Subquery,
 983            exp.Union,
 984            exp.Update,
 985        }
 986
 987        SUPPORTED_JSON_PATH_PARTS = {
 988            exp.JSONPathKey,
 989            exp.JSONPathRoot,
 990            exp.JSONPathSubscript,
 991        }
 992
 993        TYPE_MAPPING = {
 994            **generator.Generator.TYPE_MAPPING,
 995            exp.DataType.Type.BOOLEAN: "BIT",
 996            exp.DataType.Type.DATETIME2: "DATETIME2",
 997            exp.DataType.Type.DECIMAL: "NUMERIC",
 998            exp.DataType.Type.DOUBLE: "FLOAT",
 999            exp.DataType.Type.INT: "INTEGER",
1000            exp.DataType.Type.ROWVERSION: "ROWVERSION",
1001            exp.DataType.Type.TEXT: "VARCHAR(MAX)",
1002            exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP: "DATETIME2",
1003            exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPNTZ: "DATETIME2",
1004            exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPTZ: "DATETIMEOFFSET",
1005            exp.DataType.Type.SMALLDATETIME: "SMALLDATETIME",
1006            exp.DataType.Type.UTINYINT: "TINYINT",
1007            exp.DataType.Type.VARIANT: "SQL_VARIANT",
1008            exp.DataType.Type.UUID: "UNIQUEIDENTIFIER",
1009        }
1010
1011        TYPE_MAPPING.pop(exp.DataType.Type.NCHAR)
1012        TYPE_MAPPING.pop(exp.DataType.Type.NVARCHAR)
1013
1014        TRANSFORMS = {
1015            **generator.Generator.TRANSFORMS,
1016            exp.AnyValue: any_value_to_max_sql,
1017            exp.ArrayToString: rename_func("STRING_AGG"),
1018            exp.AutoIncrementColumnConstraint: lambda *_: "IDENTITY",
1019            exp.Chr: rename_func("CHAR"),
1020            exp.DateAdd: date_delta_sql("DATEADD"),
1021            exp.DateDiff: date_delta_sql("DATEDIFF"),
1022            exp.CTE: transforms.preprocess([qualify_derived_table_outputs]),
1023            exp.CurrentDate: rename_func("GETDATE"),
1024            exp.CurrentTimestamp: rename_func("GETDATE"),
1025            exp.CurrentTimestampLTZ: rename_func("SYSDATETIMEOFFSET"),
1026            exp.DateStrToDate: datestrtodate_sql,
1027            exp.Extract: rename_func("DATEPART"),
1028            exp.GeneratedAsIdentityColumnConstraint: generatedasidentitycolumnconstraint_sql,
1029            exp.GroupConcat: _string_agg_sql,
1030            exp.If: rename_func("IIF"),
1031            exp.JSONExtract: _json_extract_sql,
1032            exp.JSONExtractScalar: _json_extract_sql,
1033            exp.LastDay: lambda self, e: self.func("EOMONTH", e.this),
1034            exp.Ln: rename_func("LOG"),
1035            exp.Max: max_or_greatest,
1036            exp.MD5: lambda self, e: self.func("HASHBYTES", exp.Literal.string("MD5"), e.this),
1037            exp.Min: min_or_least,
1038            exp.NumberToStr: _format_sql,
1039            exp.Repeat: rename_func("REPLICATE"),
1040            exp.CurrentSchema: rename_func("SCHEMA_NAME"),
1041            exp.Select: transforms.preprocess(
1042                [
1043                    transforms.eliminate_distinct_on,
1044                    transforms.eliminate_semi_and_anti_joins,
1045                    transforms.eliminate_qualify,
1046                    transforms.unnest_generate_date_array_using_recursive_cte,
1047                ]
1048            ),
1049            exp.Stddev: rename_func("STDEV"),
1050            exp.StrPosition: lambda self, e: strposition_sql(
1051                self, e, func_name="CHARINDEX", supports_position=True
1052            ),
1053            exp.Subquery: transforms.preprocess([qualify_derived_table_outputs]),
1054            exp.SHA: lambda self, e: self.func("HASHBYTES", exp.Literal.string("SHA1"), e.this),
1055            exp.SHA2: lambda self, e: self.func(
1056                "HASHBYTES", exp.Literal.string(f"SHA2_{e.args.get('length', 256)}"), e.this
1057            ),
1058            exp.TemporaryProperty: lambda self, e: "",
1059            exp.TimeStrToTime: _timestrtotime_sql,
1060            exp.TimeToStr: _format_sql,
1061            exp.Trim: trim_sql,
1062            exp.TsOrDsAdd: date_delta_sql("DATEADD", cast=True),
1063            exp.TsOrDsDiff: date_delta_sql("DATEDIFF"),
1064            exp.TimestampTrunc: lambda self, e: self.func("DATETRUNC", e.unit, e.this),
1065            exp.Uuid: lambda *_: "NEWID()",
1066            exp.DateFromParts: rename_func("DATEFROMPARTS"),
1067        }
1068
1069        TRANSFORMS.pop(exp.ReturnsProperty)
1070
1071        PROPERTIES_LOCATION = {
1072            **generator.Generator.PROPERTIES_LOCATION,
1073            exp.VolatileProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED,
1074        }
1075
1076        def scope_resolution(self, rhs: str, scope_name: str) -> str:
1077            return f"{scope_name}::{rhs}"
1078
1079        def select_sql(self, expression: exp.Select) -> str:
1080            limit = expression.args.get("limit")
1081            offset = expression.args.get("offset")
1082
1083            if isinstance(limit, exp.Fetch) and not offset:
1084                # Dialects like Oracle can FETCH directly from a row set but
1085                # T-SQL requires an ORDER BY + OFFSET clause in order to FETCH
1086                offset = exp.Offset(expression=exp.Literal.number(0))
1087                expression.set("offset", offset)
1088
1089            if offset:
1090                if not expression.args.get("order"):
1091                    # ORDER BY is required in order to use OFFSET in a query, so we use
1092                    # a noop order by, since we don't really care about the order.
1093                    # See: https://www.microsoftpressstore.com/articles/article.aspx?p=2314819
1094                    expression.order_by(exp.select(exp.null()).subquery(), copy=False)
1095
1096                if isinstance(limit, exp.Limit):
1097                    # TOP and OFFSET can't be combined, we need use FETCH instead of TOP
1098                    # we replace here because otherwise TOP would be generated in select_sql
1099                    limit.replace(exp.Fetch(direction="FIRST", count=limit.expression))
1100
1101            return super().select_sql(expression)
1102
1103        def convert_sql(self, expression: exp.Convert) -> str:
1104            name = "TRY_CONVERT" if expression.args.get("safe") else "CONVERT"
1105            return self.func(
1106                name, expression.this, expression.expression, expression.args.get("style")
1107            )
1108
1109        def queryoption_sql(self, expression: exp.QueryOption) -> str:
1110            option = self.sql(expression, "this")
1111            value = self.sql(expression, "expression")
1112            if value:
1113                optional_equal_sign = "= " if option in OPTIONS_THAT_REQUIRE_EQUAL else ""
1114                return f"{option} {optional_equal_sign}{value}"
1115            return option
1116
1117        def lateral_op(self, expression: exp.Lateral) -> str:
1118            cross_apply = expression.args.get("cross_apply")
1119            if cross_apply is True:
1120                return "CROSS APPLY"
1121            if cross_apply is False:
1122                return "OUTER APPLY"
1123
1124            # TODO: perhaps we can check if the parent is a Join and transpile it appropriately
1125            self.unsupported("LATERAL clause is not supported.")
1126            return "LATERAL"
1127
1128        def splitpart_sql(self: TSQL.Generator, expression: exp.SplitPart) -> str:
1129            this = expression.this
1130            split_count = len(this.name.split("."))
1131            delimiter = expression.args.get("delimiter")
1132            part_index = expression.args.get("part_index")
1133
1134            if (
1135                not all(isinstance(arg, exp.Literal) for arg in (this, delimiter, part_index))
1136                or (delimiter and delimiter.name != ".")
1137                or not part_index
1138                or split_count > 4
1139            ):
1140                self.unsupported(
1141                    "SPLIT_PART can be transpiled to PARSENAME only for '.' delimiter and literal values"
1142                )
1143                return ""
1144
1145            return self.func(
1146                "PARSENAME", this, exp.Literal.number(split_count + 1 - part_index.to_py())
1147            )
1148
1149        def timefromparts_sql(self, expression: exp.TimeFromParts) -> str:
1150            nano = expression.args.get("nano")
1151            if nano is not None:
1152                nano.pop()
1153                self.unsupported("Specifying nanoseconds is not supported in TIMEFROMPARTS.")
1154
1155            if expression.args.get("fractions") is None:
1156                expression.set("fractions", exp.Literal.number(0))
1157            if expression.args.get("precision") is None:
1158                expression.set("precision", exp.Literal.number(0))
1159
1160            return rename_func("TIMEFROMPARTS")(self, expression)
1161
1162        def timestampfromparts_sql(self, expression: exp.TimestampFromParts) -> str:
1163            zone = expression.args.get("zone")
1164            if zone is not None:
1165                zone.pop()
1166                self.unsupported("Time zone is not supported in DATETIMEFROMPARTS.")
1167
1168            nano = expression.args.get("nano")
1169            if nano is not None:
1170                nano.pop()
1171                self.unsupported("Specifying nanoseconds is not supported in DATETIMEFROMPARTS.")
1172
1173            if expression.args.get("milli") is None:
1174                expression.set("milli", exp.Literal.number(0))
1175
1176            return rename_func("DATETIMEFROMPARTS")(self, expression)
1177
1178        def setitem_sql(self, expression: exp.SetItem) -> str:
1179            this = expression.this
1180            if isinstance(this, exp.EQ) and not isinstance(this.left, exp.Parameter):
1181                # T-SQL does not use '=' in SET command, except when the LHS is a variable.
1182                return f"{self.sql(this.left)} {self.sql(this.right)}"
1183
1184            return super().setitem_sql(expression)
1185
1186        def boolean_sql(self, expression: exp.Boolean) -> str:
1187            if type(expression.parent) in BIT_TYPES or isinstance(
1188                expression.find_ancestor(exp.Values, exp.Select), exp.Values
1189            ):
1190                return "1" if expression.this else "0"
1191
1192            return "(1 = 1)" if expression.this else "(1 = 0)"
1193
1194        def is_sql(self, expression: exp.Is) -> str:
1195            if isinstance(expression.expression, exp.Boolean):
1196                return self.binary(expression, "=")
1197            return self.binary(expression, "IS")
1198
1199        def createable_sql(self, expression: exp.Create, locations: t.DefaultDict) -> str:
1200            sql = self.sql(expression, "this")
1201            properties = expression.args.get("properties")
1202
1203            if sql[:1] != "#" and any(
1204                isinstance(prop, exp.TemporaryProperty)
1205                for prop in (properties.expressions if properties else [])
1206            ):
1207                sql = f"[#{sql[1:]}" if sql.startswith("[") else f"#{sql}"
1208
1209            return sql
1210
1211        def create_sql(self, expression: exp.Create) -> str:
1212            kind = expression.kind
1213            exists = expression.args.pop("exists", None)
1214
1215            like_property = expression.find(exp.LikeProperty)
1216            if like_property:
1217                ctas_expression = like_property.this
1218            else:
1219                ctas_expression = expression.expression
1220
1221            if kind == "VIEW":
1222                expression.this.set("catalog", None)
1223                with_ = expression.args.get("with")
1224                if ctas_expression and with_:
1225                    # We've already preprocessed the Create expression to bubble up any nested CTEs,
1226                    # but CREATE VIEW actually requires the WITH clause to come after it so we need
1227                    # to amend the AST by moving the CTEs to the CREATE VIEW statement's query.
1228                    ctas_expression.set("with", with_.pop())
1229
1230            table = expression.find(exp.Table)
1231
1232            # Convert CTAS statement to SELECT .. INTO ..
1233            if kind == "TABLE" and ctas_expression:
1234                if isinstance(ctas_expression, exp.UNWRAPPED_QUERIES):
1235                    ctas_expression = ctas_expression.subquery()
1236
1237                properties = expression.args.get("properties") or exp.Properties()
1238                is_temp = any(isinstance(p, exp.TemporaryProperty) for p in properties.expressions)
1239
1240                select_into = exp.select("*").from_(exp.alias_(ctas_expression, "temp", table=True))
1241                select_into.set("into", exp.Into(this=table, temporary=is_temp))
1242
1243                if like_property:
1244                    select_into.limit(0, copy=False)
1245
1246                sql = self.sql(select_into)
1247            else:
1248                sql = super().create_sql(expression)
1249
1250            if exists:
1251                identifier = self.sql(exp.Literal.string(exp.table_name(table) if table else ""))
1252                sql_with_ctes = self.prepend_ctes(expression, sql)
1253                sql_literal = self.sql(exp.Literal.string(sql_with_ctes))
1254                if kind == "SCHEMA":
1255                    return f"""IF NOT EXISTS (SELECT * FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.SCHEMATA WHERE SCHEMA_NAME = {identifier}) EXEC({sql_literal})"""
1256                elif kind == "TABLE":
1257                    assert table
1258                    where = exp.and_(
1259                        exp.column("TABLE_NAME").eq(table.name),
1260                        exp.column("TABLE_SCHEMA").eq(table.db) if table.db else None,
1261                        exp.column("TABLE_CATALOG").eq(table.catalog) if table.catalog else None,
1262                    )
1263                    return f"""IF NOT EXISTS (SELECT * FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES WHERE {where}) EXEC({sql_literal})"""
1264                elif kind == "INDEX":
1265                    index = self.sql(exp.Literal.string(expression.this.text("this")))
1266                    return f"""IF NOT EXISTS (SELECT * FROM sys.indexes WHERE object_id = object_id({identifier}) AND name = {index}) EXEC({sql_literal})"""
1267            elif expression.args.get("replace"):
1268                sql = sql.replace("CREATE OR REPLACE ", "CREATE OR ALTER ", 1)
1269
1270            return self.prepend_ctes(expression, sql)
1271
1272        @generator.unsupported_args("unlogged", "expressions")
1273        def into_sql(self, expression: exp.Into) -> str:
1274            if expression.args.get("temporary"):
1275                # If the Into expression has a temporary property, push this down to the Identifier
1276                table = expression.find(exp.Table)
1277                if table and isinstance(table.this, exp.Identifier):
1278                    table.this.set("temporary", True)
1279
1280            return f"{self.seg('INTO')} {self.sql(expression, 'this')}"
1281
1282        def count_sql(self, expression: exp.Count) -> str:
1283            func_name = "COUNT_BIG" if expression.args.get("big_int") else "COUNT"
1284            return rename_func(func_name)(self, expression)
1285
1286        def offset_sql(self, expression: exp.Offset) -> str:
1287            return f"{super().offset_sql(expression)} ROWS"
1288
1289        def version_sql(self, expression: exp.Version) -> str:
1290            name = "SYSTEM_TIME" if expression.name == "TIMESTAMP" else expression.name
1291            this = f"FOR {name}"
1292            expr = expression.expression
1293            kind = expression.text("kind")
1294            if kind in ("FROM", "BETWEEN"):
1295                args = expr.expressions
1296                sep = "TO" if kind == "FROM" else "AND"
1297                expr_sql = f"{self.sql(seq_get(args, 0))} {sep} {self.sql(seq_get(args, 1))}"
1298            else:
1299                expr_sql = self.sql(expr)
1300
1301            expr_sql = f" {expr_sql}" if expr_sql else ""
1302            return f"{this} {kind}{expr_sql}"
1303
1304        def returnsproperty_sql(self, expression: exp.ReturnsProperty) -> str:
1305            table = expression.args.get("table")
1306            table = f"{table} " if table else ""
1307            return f"RETURNS {table}{self.sql(expression, 'this')}"
1308
1309        def returning_sql(self, expression: exp.Returning) -> str:
1310            into = self.sql(expression, "into")
1311            into = self.seg(f"INTO {into}") if into else ""
1312            return f"{self.seg('OUTPUT')} {self.expressions(expression, flat=True)}{into}"
1313
1314        def transaction_sql(self, expression: exp.Transaction) -> str:
1315            this = self.sql(expression, "this")
1316            this = f" {this}" if this else ""
1317            mark = self.sql(expression, "mark")
1318            mark = f" WITH MARK {mark}" if mark else ""
1319            return f"BEGIN TRANSACTION{this}{mark}"
1320
1321        def commit_sql(self, expression: exp.Commit) -> str:
1322            this = self.sql(expression, "this")
1323            this = f" {this}" if this else ""
1324            durability = expression.args.get("durability")
1325            durability = (
1326                f" WITH (DELAYED_DURABILITY = {'ON' if durability else 'OFF'})"
1327                if durability is not None
1328                else ""
1329            )
1330            return f"COMMIT TRANSACTION{this}{durability}"
1331
1332        def rollback_sql(self, expression: exp.Rollback) -> str:
1333            this = self.sql(expression, "this")
1334            this = f" {this}" if this else ""
1335            return f"ROLLBACK TRANSACTION{this}"
1336
1337        def identifier_sql(self, expression: exp.Identifier) -> str:
1338            identifier = super().identifier_sql(expression)
1339
1340            if expression.args.get("global"):
1341                identifier = f"##{identifier}"
1342            elif expression.args.get("temporary"):
1343                identifier = f"#{identifier}"
1344
1345            return identifier
1346
1347        def constraint_sql(self, expression: exp.Constraint) -> str:
1348            this = self.sql(expression, "this")
1349            expressions = self.expressions(expression, flat=True, sep=" ")
1350            return f"CONSTRAINT {this} {expressions}"
1351
1352        def length_sql(self, expression: exp.Length) -> str:
1353            return self._uncast_text(expression, "LEN")
1354
1355        def right_sql(self, expression: exp.Right) -> str:
1356            return self._uncast_text(expression, "RIGHT")
1357
1358        def left_sql(self, expression: exp.Left) -> str:
1359            return self._uncast_text(expression, "LEFT")
1360
1361        def _uncast_text(self, expression: exp.Expression, name: str) -> str:
1362            this = expression.this
1363            if isinstance(this, exp.Cast) and this.is_type(exp.DataType.Type.TEXT):
1364                this_sql = self.sql(this, "this")
1365            else:
1366                this_sql = self.sql(this)
1367            expression_sql = self.sql(expression, "expression")
1368            return self.func(name, this_sql, expression_sql if expression_sql else None)
1369
1370        def partition_sql(self, expression: exp.Partition) -> str:
1371            return f"WITH (PARTITIONS({self.expressions(expression, flat=True)}))"
1372
1373        def alter_sql(self, expression: exp.Alter) -> str:
1374            action = seq_get(expression.args.get("actions") or [], 0)
1375            if isinstance(action, exp.AlterRename):
1376                return f"EXEC sp_rename '{self.sql(expression.this)}', '{action.this.name}'"
1377            return super().alter_sql(expression)
1378
1379        def drop_sql(self, expression: exp.Drop) -> str:
1380            if expression.args["kind"] == "VIEW":
1381                expression.this.set("catalog", None)
1382            return super().drop_sql(expression)
1383
1384        def options_modifier(self, expression: exp.Expression) -> str:
1385            options = self.expressions(expression, key="options")
1386            return f" OPTION{self.wrap(options)}" if options else ""
1387
1388        def dpipe_sql(self, expression: exp.DPipe) -> str:
1389            return self.sql(
1390                reduce(lambda x, y: exp.Add(this=x, expression=y), expression.flatten())
1391            )
1392
1393        def isascii_sql(self, expression: exp.IsAscii) -> str:
1394            return f"(PATINDEX(CONVERT(VARCHAR(MAX), 0x255b5e002d7f5d25) COLLATE Latin1_General_BIN, {self.sql(expression.this)}) = 0)"
1395
1396        def columndef_sql(self, expression: exp.ColumnDef, sep: str = " ") -> str:
1397            this = super().columndef_sql(expression, sep)
1398            default = self.sql(expression, "default")
1399            default = f" = {default}" if default else ""
1400            output = self.sql(expression, "output")
1401            output = f" {output}" if output else ""
1402            return f"{this}{default}{output}"
1403
1404        def coalesce_sql(self, expression: exp.Coalesce) -> str:
1405            func_name = "ISNULL" if expression.args.get("is_null") else "COALESCE"
1406            return rename_func(func_name)(self, expression)

Generator converts a given syntax tree to the corresponding SQL string.

Arguments:
  • pretty: Whether to format the produced SQL string. Default: False.
  • identify: Determines when an identifier should be quoted. Possible values are: False (default): Never quote, except in cases where it's mandatory by the dialect. True or 'always': Always quote. 'safe': Only quote identifiers that are case insensitive.
  • normalize: Whether to normalize identifiers to lowercase. Default: False.
  • pad: The pad size in a formatted string. For example, this affects the indentation of a projection in a query, relative to its nesting level. Default: 2.
  • indent: The indentation size in a formatted string. For example, this affects the indentation of subqueries and filters under a WHERE clause. Default: 2.
  • normalize_functions: How to normalize function names. Possible values are: "upper" or True (default): Convert names to uppercase. "lower": Convert names to lowercase. False: Disables function name normalization.
  • unsupported_level: Determines the generator's behavior when it encounters unsupported expressions. Default ErrorLevel.WARN.
  • max_unsupported: Maximum number of unsupported messages to include in a raised UnsupportedError. This is only relevant if unsupported_level is ErrorLevel.RAISE. Default: 3
  • leading_comma: Whether the comma is leading or trailing in select expressions. This is only relevant when generating in pretty mode. Default: False
  • max_text_width: The max number of characters in a segment before creating new lines in pretty mode. The default is on the smaller end because the length only represents a segment and not the true line length. Default: 80
  • comments: Whether to preserve comments in the output SQL code. Default: True
LIMIT_IS_TOP = True
QUERY_HINTS = False
RETURNING_END = False
NVL2_SUPPORTED = False
ALTER_TABLE_INCLUDE_COLUMN_KEYWORD = False
LIMIT_FETCH = 'FETCH'
COMPUTED_COLUMN_WITH_TYPE = False
CTE_RECURSIVE_KEYWORD_REQUIRED = False
ENSURE_BOOLS = True
NULL_ORDERING_SUPPORTED = None
SUPPORTS_SINGLE_ARG_CONCAT = False
TABLESAMPLE_SEED_KEYWORD = 'REPEATABLE'
SUPPORTS_SELECT_INTO = True
JSON_PATH_BRACKETED_KEY_SUPPORTED = False
SUPPORTS_TO_NUMBER = False
SET_OP_MODIFIERS = False
COPY_PARAMS_EQ_REQUIRED = True
PARSE_JSON_NAME = None
EXCEPT_INTERSECT_SUPPORT_ALL_CLAUSE = False
ALTER_SET_WRAPPED = True
ALTER_SET_TYPE = ''
TYPE_MAPPING = {<Type.DATETIME2: 'DATETIME2'>: 'DATETIME2', <Type.MEDIUMTEXT: 'MEDIUMTEXT'>: 'TEXT', <Type.LONGTEXT: 'LONGTEXT'>: 'TEXT', <Type.TINYTEXT: 'TINYTEXT'>: 'TEXT', <Type.BLOB: 'BLOB'>: 'VARBINARY', <Type.MEDIUMBLOB: 'MEDIUMBLOB'>: 'BLOB', <Type.LONGBLOB: 'LONGBLOB'>: 'BLOB', <Type.TINYBLOB: 'TINYBLOB'>: 'BLOB', <Type.INET: 'INET'>: 'INET', <Type.ROWVERSION: 'ROWVERSION'>: 'ROWVERSION', <Type.SMALLDATETIME: 'SMALLDATETIME'>: 'SMALLDATETIME', <Type.BOOLEAN: 'BOOLEAN'>: 'BIT', <Type.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>: 'NUMERIC', <Type.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>: 'FLOAT', <Type.INT: 'INT'>: 'INTEGER', <Type.TEXT: 'TEXT'>: 'VARCHAR(MAX)', <Type.TIMESTAMP: 'TIMESTAMP'>: 'DATETIME2', <Type.TIMESTAMPNTZ: 'TIMESTAMPNTZ'>: 'DATETIME2', <Type.TIMESTAMPTZ: 'TIMESTAMPTZ'>: 'DATETIMEOFFSET', <Type.UTINYINT: 'UTINYINT'>: 'TINYINT', <Type.VARIANT: 'VARIANT'>: 'SQL_VARIANT', <Type.UUID: 'UUID'>: 'UNIQUEIDENTIFIER'}
TRANSFORMS = {<class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathKey'>: <function <lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathRoot'>: <function <lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathSubscript'>: <function <lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AllowedValuesProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AnalyzeColumns'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AnalyzeWith'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayContainsAll'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayOverlaps'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AutoRefreshProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BackupProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CaseSpecificColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Ceil'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CharacterSetColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CharacterSetProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ClusteredColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CollateColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CommentColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ConnectByRoot'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ConvertToCharset'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CopyGrantsProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CredentialsProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateFormatColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DefaultColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DynamicProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EmptyProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EncodeColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EnviromentProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EphemeralColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExcludeColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExecuteAsProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Except'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExternalProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Floor'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Get'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GlobalProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.HeapProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IcebergProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.InheritsProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.InlineLengthColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.InputModelProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Intersect'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IntervalSpan'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Int64'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LanguageProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LocationProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MaterializedProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NonClusteredColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NoPrimaryIndexProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NotForReplicationColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OnCommitProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OnProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OnUpdateColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Operator'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OutputModelProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PathColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PartitionedByBucket'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PartitionByTruncate'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PivotAny'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ProjectionPolicyColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Put'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RemoteWithConnectionModelProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SampleProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SecureProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SecurityProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SetConfigProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SetProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SettingsProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SharingProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SqlReadWriteProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SqlSecurityProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StabilityProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Stream'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StreamingTableProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrictProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SwapTable'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TableColumn'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Tags'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TemporaryProperty'>: <function TSQL.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TitleColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToMap'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToTableProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TransformModelProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TransientProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Union'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnloggedProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UsingTemplateProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UsingData'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Uuid'>: <function TSQL.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UppercaseColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VarMap'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ViewAttributeProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VolatileProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithJournalTableProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithProcedureOptions'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithSchemaBindingProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithOperator'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ForceProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AnyValue'>: <function any_value_to_max_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayToString'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AutoIncrementColumnConstraint'>: <function TSQL.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Chr'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateAdd'>: <function date_delta_sql.<locals>._delta_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateDiff'>: <function date_delta_sql.<locals>._delta_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CTE'>: <function preprocess.<locals>._to_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentDate'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentTimestamp'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentTimestampLTZ'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateStrToDate'>: <function datestrtodate_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Extract'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GeneratedAsIdentityColumnConstraint'>: <function generatedasidentitycolumnconstraint_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GroupConcat'>: <function _string_agg_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.If'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONExtract'>: <function _json_extract_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONExtractScalar'>: <function _json_extract_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LastDay'>: <function TSQL.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Ln'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Max'>: <function max_or_greatest>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MD5'>: <function TSQL.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Min'>: <function min_or_least>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NumberToStr'>: <function _format_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Repeat'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentSchema'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Select'>: <function preprocess.<locals>._to_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Stddev'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrPosition'>: <function TSQL.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Subquery'>: <function preprocess.<locals>._to_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SHA'>: <function TSQL.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SHA2'>: <function TSQL.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeStrToTime'>: <function _timestrtotime_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeToStr'>: <function _format_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Trim'>: <function trim_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsAdd'>: <function date_delta_sql.<locals>._delta_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsDiff'>: <function date_delta_sql.<locals>._delta_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampTrunc'>: <function TSQL.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateFromParts'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>}
PROPERTIES_LOCATION = {<class 'sqlglot.expressions.AllowedValuesProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AlgorithmProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AutoIncrementProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AutoRefreshProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BackupProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BlockCompressionProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CharacterSetProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ChecksumProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CollateProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CopyGrantsProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Cluster'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ClusteredByProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DistributedByProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DuplicateKeyProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DataBlocksizeProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DataDeletionProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DefinerProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DictRange'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DictProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DynamicProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DistKeyProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DistStyleProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EmptyProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EncodeProperty'>: <Location.POST_EXPRESSION: 'POST_EXPRESSION'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EngineProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EnviromentProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExecuteAsProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExternalProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FallbackProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FileFormatProperty'>: <Location.POST_WITH: 'POST_WITH'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FreespaceProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GlobalProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.HeapProperty'>: <Location.POST_WITH: 'POST_WITH'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.InheritsProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IcebergProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IncludeProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.InputModelProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IsolatedLoadingProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JournalProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LanguageProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LikeProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LocationProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LockProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LockingProperty'>: <Location.POST_ALIAS: 'POST_ALIAS'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MaterializedProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MergeBlockRatioProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NoPrimaryIndexProperty'>: <Location.POST_EXPRESSION: 'POST_EXPRESSION'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OnProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OnCommitProperty'>: <Location.POST_EXPRESSION: 'POST_EXPRESSION'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Order'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OutputModelProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PartitionedByProperty'>: <Location.POST_WITH: 'POST_WITH'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PartitionedOfProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PrimaryKey'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Property'>: <Location.POST_WITH: 'POST_WITH'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RemoteWithConnectionModelProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ReturnsProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RowFormatProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RowFormatDelimitedProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RowFormatSerdeProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SampleProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SchemaCommentProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SecureProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SecurityProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SerdeProperties'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Set'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SettingsProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SetProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SetConfigProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SharingProperty'>: <Location.POST_EXPRESSION: 'POST_EXPRESSION'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SequenceProperties'>: <Location.POST_EXPRESSION: 'POST_EXPRESSION'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SortKeyProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SqlReadWriteProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SqlSecurityProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StabilityProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StorageHandlerProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StreamingTableProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrictProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Tags'>: <Location.POST_WITH: 'POST_WITH'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TemporaryProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToTableProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TransientProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TransformModelProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MergeTreeTTL'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnloggedProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UsingTemplateProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ViewAttributeProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VolatileProperty'>: <Location.UNSUPPORTED: 'UNSUPPORTED'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithDataProperty'>: <Location.POST_EXPRESSION: 'POST_EXPRESSION'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithJournalTableProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithProcedureOptions'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithSchemaBindingProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithSystemVersioningProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ForceProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>}
def scope_resolution(self, rhs: str, scope_name: str) -> str:
1076        def scope_resolution(self, rhs: str, scope_name: str) -> str:
1077            return f"{scope_name}::{rhs}"
def select_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Select) -> str:
1079        def select_sql(self, expression: exp.Select) -> str:
1080            limit = expression.args.get("limit")
1081            offset = expression.args.get("offset")
1082
1083            if isinstance(limit, exp.Fetch) and not offset:
1084                # Dialects like Oracle can FETCH directly from a row set but
1085                # T-SQL requires an ORDER BY + OFFSET clause in order to FETCH
1086                offset = exp.Offset(expression=exp.Literal.number(0))
1087                expression.set("offset", offset)
1088
1089            if offset:
1090                if not expression.args.get("order"):
1091                    # ORDER BY is required in order to use OFFSET in a query, so we use
1092                    # a noop order by, since we don't really care about the order.
1093                    # See: https://www.microsoftpressstore.com/articles/article.aspx?p=2314819
1094                    expression.order_by(exp.select(exp.null()).subquery(), copy=False)
1095
1096                if isinstance(limit, exp.Limit):
1097                    # TOP and OFFSET can't be combined, we need use FETCH instead of TOP
1098                    # we replace here because otherwise TOP would be generated in select_sql
1099                    limit.replace(exp.Fetch(direction="FIRST", count=limit.expression))
1100
1101            return super().select_sql(expression)
def convert_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Convert) -> str:
1103        def convert_sql(self, expression: exp.Convert) -> str:
1104            name = "TRY_CONVERT" if expression.args.get("safe") else "CONVERT"
1105            return self.func(
1106                name, expression.this, expression.expression, expression.args.get("style")
1107            )
def queryoption_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.QueryOption) -> str:
1109        def queryoption_sql(self, expression: exp.QueryOption) -> str:
1110            option = self.sql(expression, "this")
1111            value = self.sql(expression, "expression")
1112            if value:
1113                optional_equal_sign = "= " if option in OPTIONS_THAT_REQUIRE_EQUAL else ""
1114                return f"{option} {optional_equal_sign}{value}"
1115            return option
def lateral_op(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Lateral) -> str:
1117        def lateral_op(self, expression: exp.Lateral) -> str:
1118            cross_apply = expression.args.get("cross_apply")
1119            if cross_apply is True:
1120                return "CROSS APPLY"
1121            if cross_apply is False:
1122                return "OUTER APPLY"
1123
1124            # TODO: perhaps we can check if the parent is a Join and transpile it appropriately
1125            self.unsupported("LATERAL clause is not supported.")
1126            return "LATERAL"
def splitpart_sql( self: TSQL.Generator, expression: sqlglot.expressions.SplitPart) -> str:
1128        def splitpart_sql(self: TSQL.Generator, expression: exp.SplitPart) -> str:
1129            this = expression.this
1130            split_count = len(this.name.split("."))
1131            delimiter = expression.args.get("delimiter")
1132            part_index = expression.args.get("part_index")
1133
1134            if (
1135                not all(isinstance(arg, exp.Literal) for arg in (this, delimiter, part_index))
1136                or (delimiter and delimiter.name != ".")
1137                or not part_index
1138                or split_count > 4
1139            ):
1140                self.unsupported(
1141                    "SPLIT_PART can be transpiled to PARSENAME only for '.' delimiter and literal values"
1142                )
1143                return ""
1144
1145            return self.func(
1146                "PARSENAME", this, exp.Literal.number(split_count + 1 - part_index.to_py())
1147            )
def timefromparts_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.TimeFromParts) -> str:
1149        def timefromparts_sql(self, expression: exp.TimeFromParts) -> str:
1150            nano = expression.args.get("nano")
1151            if nano is not None:
1152                nano.pop()
1153                self.unsupported("Specifying nanoseconds is not supported in TIMEFROMPARTS.")
1154
1155            if expression.args.get("fractions") is None:
1156                expression.set("fractions", exp.Literal.number(0))
1157            if expression.args.get("precision") is None:
1158                expression.set("precision", exp.Literal.number(0))
1159
1160            return rename_func("TIMEFROMPARTS")(self, expression)
def timestampfromparts_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.TimestampFromParts) -> str:
1162        def timestampfromparts_sql(self, expression: exp.TimestampFromParts) -> str:
1163            zone = expression.args.get("zone")
1164            if zone is not None:
1165                zone.pop()
1166                self.unsupported("Time zone is not supported in DATETIMEFROMPARTS.")
1167
1168            nano = expression.args.get("nano")
1169            if nano is not None:
1170                nano.pop()
1171                self.unsupported("Specifying nanoseconds is not supported in DATETIMEFROMPARTS.")
1172
1173            if expression.args.get("milli") is None:
1174                expression.set("milli", exp.Literal.number(0))
1175
1176            return rename_func("DATETIMEFROMPARTS")(self, expression)
def setitem_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.SetItem) -> str:
1178        def setitem_sql(self, expression: exp.SetItem) -> str:
1179            this = expression.this
1180            if isinstance(this, exp.EQ) and not isinstance(this.left, exp.Parameter):
1181                # T-SQL does not use '=' in SET command, except when the LHS is a variable.
1182                return f"{self.sql(this.left)} {self.sql(this.right)}"
1183
1184            return super().setitem_sql(expression)
def boolean_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Boolean) -> str:
1186        def boolean_sql(self, expression: exp.Boolean) -> str:
1187            if type(expression.parent) in BIT_TYPES or isinstance(
1188                expression.find_ancestor(exp.Values, exp.Select), exp.Values
1189            ):
1190                return "1" if expression.this else "0"
1191
1192            return "(1 = 1)" if expression.this else "(1 = 0)"
def is_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Is) -> str:
1194        def is_sql(self, expression: exp.Is) -> str:
1195            if isinstance(expression.expression, exp.Boolean):
1196                return self.binary(expression, "=")
1197            return self.binary(expression, "IS")
def createable_sql( self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Create, locations: DefaultDict) -> str:
1199        def createable_sql(self, expression: exp.Create, locations: t.DefaultDict) -> str:
1200            sql = self.sql(expression, "this")
1201            properties = expression.args.get("properties")
1202
1203            if sql[:1] != "#" and any(
1204                isinstance(prop, exp.TemporaryProperty)
1205                for prop in (properties.expressions if properties else [])
1206            ):
1207                sql = f"[#{sql[1:]}" if sql.startswith("[") else f"#{sql}"
1208
1209            return sql
def create_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Create) -> str:
1211        def create_sql(self, expression: exp.Create) -> str:
1212            kind = expression.kind
1213            exists = expression.args.pop("exists", None)
1214
1215            like_property = expression.find(exp.LikeProperty)
1216            if like_property:
1217                ctas_expression = like_property.this
1218            else:
1219                ctas_expression = expression.expression
1220
1221            if kind == "VIEW":
1222                expression.this.set("catalog", None)
1223                with_ = expression.args.get("with")
1224                if ctas_expression and with_:
1225                    # We've already preprocessed the Create expression to bubble up any nested CTEs,
1226                    # but CREATE VIEW actually requires the WITH clause to come after it so we need
1227                    # to amend the AST by moving the CTEs to the CREATE VIEW statement's query.
1228                    ctas_expression.set("with", with_.pop())
1229
1230            table = expression.find(exp.Table)
1231
1232            # Convert CTAS statement to SELECT .. INTO ..
1233            if kind == "TABLE" and ctas_expression:
1234                if isinstance(ctas_expression, exp.UNWRAPPED_QUERIES):
1235                    ctas_expression = ctas_expression.subquery()
1236
1237                properties = expression.args.get("properties") or exp.Properties()
1238                is_temp = any(isinstance(p, exp.TemporaryProperty) for p in properties.expressions)
1239
1240                select_into = exp.select("*").from_(exp.alias_(ctas_expression, "temp", table=True))
1241                select_into.set("into", exp.Into(this=table, temporary=is_temp))
1242
1243                if like_property:
1244                    select_into.limit(0, copy=False)
1245
1246                sql = self.sql(select_into)
1247            else:
1248                sql = super().create_sql(expression)
1249
1250            if exists:
1251                identifier = self.sql(exp.Literal.string(exp.table_name(table) if table else ""))
1252                sql_with_ctes = self.prepend_ctes(expression, sql)
1253                sql_literal = self.sql(exp.Literal.string(sql_with_ctes))
1254                if kind == "SCHEMA":
1255                    return f"""IF NOT EXISTS (SELECT * FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.SCHEMATA WHERE SCHEMA_NAME = {identifier}) EXEC({sql_literal})"""
1256                elif kind == "TABLE":
1257                    assert table
1258                    where = exp.and_(
1259                        exp.column("TABLE_NAME").eq(table.name),
1260                        exp.column("TABLE_SCHEMA").eq(table.db) if table.db else None,
1261                        exp.column("TABLE_CATALOG").eq(table.catalog) if table.catalog else None,
1262                    )
1263                    return f"""IF NOT EXISTS (SELECT * FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES WHERE {where}) EXEC({sql_literal})"""
1264                elif kind == "INDEX":
1265                    index = self.sql(exp.Literal.string(expression.this.text("this")))
1266                    return f"""IF NOT EXISTS (SELECT * FROM sys.indexes WHERE object_id = object_id({identifier}) AND name = {index}) EXEC({sql_literal})"""
1267            elif expression.args.get("replace"):
1268                sql = sql.replace("CREATE OR REPLACE ", "CREATE OR ALTER ", 1)
1269
1270            return self.prepend_ctes(expression, sql)
@generator.unsupported_args('unlogged', 'expressions')
def into_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Into) -> str:
1272        @generator.unsupported_args("unlogged", "expressions")
1273        def into_sql(self, expression: exp.Into) -> str:
1274            if expression.args.get("temporary"):
1275                # If the Into expression has a temporary property, push this down to the Identifier
1276                table = expression.find(exp.Table)
1277                if table and isinstance(table.this, exp.Identifier):
1278                    table.this.set("temporary", True)
1279
1280            return f"{self.seg('INTO')} {self.sql(expression, 'this')}"
def count_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Count) -> str:
1282        def count_sql(self, expression: exp.Count) -> str:
1283            func_name = "COUNT_BIG" if expression.args.get("big_int") else "COUNT"
1284            return rename_func(func_name)(self, expression)
def offset_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Offset) -> str:
1286        def offset_sql(self, expression: exp.Offset) -> str:
1287            return f"{super().offset_sql(expression)} ROWS"
def version_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Version) -> str:
1289        def version_sql(self, expression: exp.Version) -> str:
1290            name = "SYSTEM_TIME" if expression.name == "TIMESTAMP" else expression.name
1291            this = f"FOR {name}"
1292            expr = expression.expression
1293            kind = expression.text("kind")
1294            if kind in ("FROM", "BETWEEN"):
1295                args = expr.expressions
1296                sep = "TO" if kind == "FROM" else "AND"
1297                expr_sql = f"{self.sql(seq_get(args, 0))} {sep} {self.sql(seq_get(args, 1))}"
1298            else:
1299                expr_sql = self.sql(expr)
1300
1301            expr_sql = f" {expr_sql}" if expr_sql else ""
1302            return f"{this} {kind}{expr_sql}"
def returnsproperty_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.ReturnsProperty) -> str:
1304        def returnsproperty_sql(self, expression: exp.ReturnsProperty) -> str:
1305            table = expression.args.get("table")
1306            table = f"{table} " if table else ""
1307            return f"RETURNS {table}{self.sql(expression, 'this')}"
def returning_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Returning) -> str:
1309        def returning_sql(self, expression: exp.Returning) -> str:
1310            into = self.sql(expression, "into")
1311            into = self.seg(f"INTO {into}") if into else ""
1312            return f"{self.seg('OUTPUT')} {self.expressions(expression, flat=True)}{into}"
def transaction_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Transaction) -> str:
1314        def transaction_sql(self, expression: exp.Transaction) -> str:
1315            this = self.sql(expression, "this")
1316            this = f" {this}" if this else ""
1317            mark = self.sql(expression, "mark")
1318            mark = f" WITH MARK {mark}" if mark else ""
1319            return f"BEGIN TRANSACTION{this}{mark}"
def commit_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Commit) -> str:
1321        def commit_sql(self, expression: exp.Commit) -> str:
1322            this = self.sql(expression, "this")
1323            this = f" {this}" if this else ""
1324            durability = expression.args.get("durability")
1325            durability = (
1326                f" WITH (DELAYED_DURABILITY = {'ON' if durability else 'OFF'})"
1327                if durability is not None
1328                else ""
1329            )
1330            return f"COMMIT TRANSACTION{this}{durability}"
def rollback_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Rollback) -> str:
1332        def rollback_sql(self, expression: exp.Rollback) -> str:
1333            this = self.sql(expression, "this")
1334            this = f" {this}" if this else ""
1335            return f"ROLLBACK TRANSACTION{this}"
def identifier_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Identifier) -> str:
1337        def identifier_sql(self, expression: exp.Identifier) -> str:
1338            identifier = super().identifier_sql(expression)
1339
1340            if expression.args.get("global"):
1341                identifier = f"##{identifier}"
1342            elif expression.args.get("temporary"):
1343                identifier = f"#{identifier}"
1344
1345            return identifier
def constraint_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Constraint) -> str:
1347        def constraint_sql(self, expression: exp.Constraint) -> str:
1348            this = self.sql(expression, "this")
1349            expressions = self.expressions(expression, flat=True, sep=" ")
1350            return f"CONSTRAINT {this} {expressions}"
def length_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Length) -> str:
1352        def length_sql(self, expression: exp.Length) -> str:
1353            return self._uncast_text(expression, "LEN")
def right_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Right) -> str:
1355        def right_sql(self, expression: exp.Right) -> str:
1356            return self._uncast_text(expression, "RIGHT")
def left_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Left) -> str:
1358        def left_sql(self, expression: exp.Left) -> str:
1359            return self._uncast_text(expression, "LEFT")
def partition_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Partition) -> str:
1370        def partition_sql(self, expression: exp.Partition) -> str:
1371            return f"WITH (PARTITIONS({self.expressions(expression, flat=True)}))"
def alter_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Alter) -> str:
1373        def alter_sql(self, expression: exp.Alter) -> str:
1374            action = seq_get(expression.args.get("actions") or [], 0)
1375            if isinstance(action, exp.AlterRename):
1376                return f"EXEC sp_rename '{self.sql(expression.this)}', '{action.this.name}'"
1377            return super().alter_sql(expression)
def drop_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Drop) -> str:
1379        def drop_sql(self, expression: exp.Drop) -> str:
1380            if expression.args["kind"] == "VIEW":
1381                expression.this.set("catalog", None)
1382            return super().drop_sql(expression)
def options_modifier(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Expression) -> str:
1384        def options_modifier(self, expression: exp.Expression) -> str:
1385            options = self.expressions(expression, key="options")
1386            return f" OPTION{self.wrap(options)}" if options else ""
def dpipe_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.DPipe) -> str:
1388        def dpipe_sql(self, expression: exp.DPipe) -> str:
1389            return self.sql(
1390                reduce(lambda x, y: exp.Add(this=x, expression=y), expression.flatten())
1391            )
def isascii_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.IsAscii) -> str:
1393        def isascii_sql(self, expression: exp.IsAscii) -> str:
1394            return f"(PATINDEX(CONVERT(VARCHAR(MAX), 0x255b5e002d7f5d25) COLLATE Latin1_General_BIN, {self.sql(expression.this)}) = 0)"
def columndef_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.ColumnDef, sep: str = ' ') -> str:
1396        def columndef_sql(self, expression: exp.ColumnDef, sep: str = " ") -> str:
1397            this = super().columndef_sql(expression, sep)
1398            default = self.sql(expression, "default")
1399            default = f" = {default}" if default else ""
1400            output = self.sql(expression, "output")
1401            output = f" {output}" if output else ""
1402            return f"{this}{default}{output}"
def coalesce_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Coalesce) -> str:
1404        def coalesce_sql(self, expression: exp.Coalesce) -> str:
1405            func_name = "ISNULL" if expression.args.get("is_null") else "COALESCE"
1406            return rename_func(func_name)(self, expression)
SELECT_KINDS: Tuple[str, ...] = ()
TRY_SUPPORTED = False
SUPPORTS_UESCAPE = False
AFTER_HAVING_MODIFIER_TRANSFORMS = {'windows': <function Generator.<lambda>>, 'qualify': <function Generator.<lambda>>}
Inherited Members
sqlglot.generator.Generator
Generator
IGNORE_NULLS_IN_FUNC
LOCKING_READS_SUPPORTED
WRAP_DERIVED_VALUES
CREATE_FUNCTION_RETURN_AS
MATCHED_BY_SOURCE
SINGLE_STRING_INTERVAL
INTERVAL_ALLOWS_PLURAL_FORM
LIMIT_ONLY_LITERALS
RENAME_TABLE_WITH_DB
GROUPINGS_SEP
INDEX_ON
JOIN_HINTS
TABLE_HINTS
QUERY_HINT_SEP
IS_BOOL_ALLOWED
DUPLICATE_KEY_UPDATE_WITH_SET
EXTRACT_ALLOWS_QUOTES
TZ_TO_WITH_TIME_ZONE
VALUES_AS_TABLE
UNNEST_WITH_ORDINALITY
AGGREGATE_FILTER_SUPPORTED
SEMI_ANTI_JOIN_WITH_SIDE
SUPPORTS_TABLE_COPY
TABLESAMPLE_REQUIRES_PARENS
TABLESAMPLE_SIZE_IS_ROWS
TABLESAMPLE_KEYWORDS
TABLESAMPLE_WITH_METHOD
COLLATE_IS_FUNC
DATA_TYPE_SPECIFIERS_ALLOWED
LAST_DAY_SUPPORTS_DATE_PART
SUPPORTS_TABLE_ALIAS_COLUMNS
UNPIVOT_ALIASES_ARE_IDENTIFIERS
JSON_KEY_VALUE_PAIR_SEP
INSERT_OVERWRITE
SUPPORTS_UNLOGGED_TABLES
SUPPORTS_CREATE_TABLE_LIKE
LIKE_PROPERTY_INSIDE_SCHEMA
MULTI_ARG_DISTINCT
JSON_TYPE_REQUIRED_FOR_EXTRACTION
JSON_PATH_SINGLE_QUOTE_ESCAPE
CAN_IMPLEMENT_ARRAY_ANY
SUPPORTS_WINDOW_EXCLUDE
COPY_PARAMS_ARE_WRAPPED
COPY_HAS_INTO_KEYWORD
STAR_EXCEPT
HEX_FUNC
WITH_PROPERTIES_PREFIX
QUOTE_JSON_PATH
PAD_FILL_PATTERN_IS_REQUIRED
SUPPORTS_EXPLODING_PROJECTIONS
ARRAY_CONCAT_IS_VAR_LEN
SUPPORTS_CONVERT_TIMEZONE
SUPPORTS_MEDIAN
SUPPORTS_UNIX_SECONDS
NORMALIZE_EXTRACT_DATE_PARTS
ARRAY_SIZE_NAME
ARRAY_SIZE_DIM_REQUIRED
TIME_PART_SINGULARS
TOKEN_MAPPING
STRUCT_DELIMITER
PARAMETER_TOKEN
NAMED_PLACEHOLDER_TOKEN
EXPRESSION_PRECEDES_PROPERTIES_CREATABLES
RESERVED_KEYWORDS
WITH_SEPARATED_COMMENTS
EXCLUDE_COMMENTS
UNWRAPPED_INTERVAL_VALUES
PARAMETERIZABLE_TEXT_TYPES
RESPECT_IGNORE_NULLS_UNSUPPORTED_EXPRESSIONS
SENTINEL_LINE_BREAK
pretty
identify
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dialect
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generate
preprocess
unsupported
sep
seg
sanitize_comment
maybe_comment
wrap
no_identify
normalize_func
indent
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uncache_sql
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column_sql
columnposition_sql
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in_sql
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interval_sql
return_sql
reference_sql
anonymous_sql
paren_sql
neg_sql
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alias_sql
pivotalias_sql
aliases_sql
atindex_sql
attimezone_sql
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add_sql
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cast_sql
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add_column_sql
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distinct_sql
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glob_sql
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unixdate_sql
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